Search results for "ALK"

showing 10 items of 4314 documents

MGMT in primary and recurrent human glioblastomas after radiation and chemotherapy and comparison with p53 status and clinical outcome

2007

The DNA repair protein O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) plays a pivotal role in alkylating drug resistance. Here, we determined MGMT activity in primary and recurrent glioblastomas (GBM, WHO grade IV) of patients who received radiation therapy (RT) or RT plus chemotherapy with alkylating agents (temozolomide, chloroethylnitrosoureas). The mean MGMT activity of untreated GBM was 37 +/- 45 (range 0-205) fmol/mg proteins. In the 1st, 2nd and 3rd recurrences, MGMT activity increased from 66 +/- 50 (13-194) to 68 +/- 44 (14-143) and 182 +/- 163 (64-423) fmol/mg protein, respectively. Comparing patients who received RT only with RT plus chemotherapy, a significant increase of MGMT …

Cancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyChemotherapyTemozolomideMethyltransferasemedicine.medical_treatmentCancerBiologymedicine.diseasePrimary tumordigestive system diseasesRadiation therapyOncologymedicineCancer researchneoplasmsSurvival analysismedicine.drugAlkyltransferaseInternational Journal of Cancer
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Activity of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in relation to p53 status and therapeutic response in ovarian cancer.

1999

The DNA-repair protein O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (alkyltransferase; MGMT) is a major determinant of resistance of cells to various alkylating cytostatic drugs. Its expression in tissues is highly variable, indicating complex regulatory mechanisms involved. Transfection-mediated expression of wild-type p53 has been shown to negatively regulate basal promoter activity of MGMT in vitro. To elucidate whether p53 is involved in regulation of MGMT in tumor tissue, we examined MGMT expression and the p53 status of 140 primary ovarian carcinomas and analyzed the data as to the correlation between MGMT and p53, as well as the survival response of the patients after chemotherapy. We sh…

Cancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyMethyltransferaseTime FactorsCyclophosphamidemedicine.medical_treatmentBiologyDisease-Free Survivalchemistry.chemical_compoundO(6)-Methylguanine-DNA MethyltransferasePredictive Value of TestsmedicineHumansneoplasmsNeoplasm StagingRetrospective StudiesOvarian NeoplasmsChemotherapyL-Lactate DehydrogenaseCancermedicine.diseaseGenes p53ImmunohistochemistrySurvival Analysisdigestive system diseasesNitrogen mustardCarboplatinOncologychemistryCancer researchFemaleTumor Suppressor Protein p53Ovarian cancermedicine.drugAlkyltransferaseFollow-Up StudiesInternational journal of cancer
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The effect of 3-aminobenzamide, inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, on human osteosarcoma cells

2003

This study demonstrates that in human osteosarcoma cells treatment with 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), a potent inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), induces morphological and biochemical features of differentiation, the duration of which depends on whether or not the normal RB gene is expressed. In Saos-2 cells expressing a non-functional Rb protein, 3-AB treatment induced the formation of transient, short dendritic-like protrusions. In RB-transfected-Saos-2 cells (a clone previously generated in our laboratory that shows stable expression of wild-type Rb protein), 3-AB induced marked and prolonged changes with the formation of long dendritic-like protrusions and the appearance of ste…

Cancer ResearchProgrammed cell deathCell typeTime FactorsTranscription GeneticCell SurvivalPoly ADP ribose polymeraseCellular differentiationBlotting WesternApoptosisDNA FragmentationPoly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase InhibitorsBiologyTransfectionPolymerase Chain ReactionRetinoblastoma Proteinchemistry.chemical_compoundCell Line TumorProto-Oncogene ProteinsHumansMicroscopy Phase-ContrastRNA MessengerEnzyme Inhibitorsbcl-2-Associated X ProteinOsteosarcomaLamin Type BCaspase 3Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionCell DifferentiationDendritesCell cycleAlkaline PhosphataseFlow CytometryMolecular biologyChromatinHyaluronan ReceptorsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2OncologychemistryApoptosis3-AminobenzamideCaspasesBenzamides3-aminobenzamide osteosarcoma cells PARP activityAlkaline phosphataseInternational Journal of Oncology
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Rad51 and BRCA2 - New Molecular Targets for Sensitizing Glioma Cells to Alkylating Anticancer Drugs

2011

First line chemotherapeutics for brain tumors (malignant gliomas) are alkylating agents such as temozolomide and nimustine. Despite growing knowledge of how these agents work, patients suffering from this malignancy still face a dismal prognosis. Alkylating agents target DNA, forming the killing lesion O(6)-alkylguanine, which is converted into DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) that trigger apoptosis. Here we assessed whether inhibiting repair of DSBs by homologous recombination (HR) or non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a reasonable strategy for sensitizing glioma cells to alkylating agents. For down-regulation of HR in glioma cells, we used an interference RNA (iRNA) approach targeting Ra…

Cancer Treatmentlcsh:MedicineApoptosisToxicologyBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoveryRNA Small Interferinglcsh:ScienceHomologous RecombinationNeurological TumorsGene knockdownMultidisciplinaryBrain NeoplasmsGliomaFlow CytometryNon-homologous end joiningOncologyPARP inhibitorMedicinemedicine.drugResearch ArticleBiotechnologyDrugs and DevicesDrug Research and DevelopmentDNA damageMorpholinesToxic AgentsOlaparibGliomaCell Line TumormedicineHumansBiologyAntineoplastic Agents AlkylatingProtein Kinase InhibitorsBRCA2 ProteinTemozolomideBase SequenceNimustinelcsh:RCancers and NeoplasmsChemotherapy and Drug Treatmentmedicine.diseasechemistryMicroscopy FluorescenceChromonesCancer researchlcsh:QRad51 RecombinaseDNA DamagePLoS ONE
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Cannabinoid CB1 receptors regulate neuronal TNF-α effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

2011

Abstract Cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1Rs) regulate the neurodegenerative damage of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and of multiple sclerosis (MS). The mechanism by which CB1R stimulation exerts protective effects is still unclear. Here we show that pharmacological activation of CB1Rs dampens the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-mediated potentiation of striatal spontaneous glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), which is believed to cogently contribute to the inflammation-induced neurodegenerative damage observed in EAE mice. Furthermore, mice lacking CB1Rs showed a more severe clinical course and, in parallel, exacerbated alterations of sEPSC duration af…

Cannabinoid receptorEncephalomyelitis Autoimmune ExperimentalPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.medical_treatmentImmunologyExcitotoxicityGlutamic AcidArachidonic AcidsPharmacologyBiologymedicine.disease_causeReceptors N-Methyl-D-AspartateReceptors Tumor Necrosis FactorAmidohydrolasesEtanerceptBehavioral Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Fatty acid amide hydrolaseCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsmedicineAnimalsDronabinolReceptors AMPA6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-23-dioneMice KnockoutNeuronsEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaNeurodegenerationExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsAnandamidemedicine.diseaseEndocannabinoid systemCorpus StriatumMice Inbred C57BLchemistryImmunoglobulin GImmunologyNerve DegenerationSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemaleCannabinoidDizocilpine MaleateEndocannabinoidsBrain, behavior, and immunity
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Gas—liquid chromatographic analyses

1984

Abstract The gas chromatography (GC) of n -alkyl acetates (CH 3 COOR), chloroacetates (CH 2 ClCOOR), dichloroacetates (CHCl 2 COOR) and trichloroacetates (CCl 3 COOR), where the alcohol chain length (R) varied between 1 and 8, and certain of their monochlorinated derivatives, 176 compounds altogether, has been studied on SE-30 and OV-351 glass capillary columns under the same operating conditions. The isomeric monochlorinated esters are eluted in direct order from the 1- chloro to the ω-chloro isomer, the separation of the isomers being complete on OV- 351. On SE-30, however, the peaks of the 6- and 7-chlorooctyl esters are partly overlapped. The separation of the mixtures of odd- and e…

Capillary actionAnalytical chemistryAlcoholFormyl groupAldehydeBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCapillary columnStraight chainpolycyclic compoundsStructural isomerOrganic chemistryMethyleneBenzoic acidchemistry.chemical_classificationPrimary (chemistry)General MedicineCapillary gas chromatographyBoiling pointChromatographic separationSalicylaldehydeNitrobenzoatesPolarlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Aliphatic compoundResolution (mass spectrometry)Polarity (physics)Carboxylic acidchemistry.chemical_elementBranching (polymer chemistry)Isothermal processTurn (biochemistry)ChlorinePhenolsQuartzAlkylTetradecaneChlorophenolDegree of unsaturationChromatographyGeminalElutionOrganic ChemistryChloroacetatesComplete resolutionReverse orderChain lengthchemistryChlorobenzeneFunctional groupNitroKovats retention indexNon polarGas chromatographyVicinalGas liquid chromatographicJournal of Chromatography A
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Ion-pair in-tube solid-phase microextraction and capillary liquid chromatography using a titania-based column: application to the specific lauralkoni…

2012

Abstract A quick, miniaturized and on-line method has been developed for the determination in water of the predominant homologue of benzalkonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride or lauralkonium chloride (C 12 -BAK). The method is based on the formation of an ion-pair in both in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) and capillary liquid chromatography. The IT-SPME optimization required the study of the length and nature of the stationary phase of capillary and the processed sample volume. Because to the surfactant character of the analyte both, the extracting and replacing solvents, have played a decisive role in the IT-SPME optimized procedure. Conditioning the capil…

Capillary actionDetergentsAnalytical chemistrySolid-phase microextractionBiochemistryChlorideAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundLimit of DetectionmedicineSolid Phase Microextractionchemistry.chemical_classificationDetection limitTitaniumCapillary electrochromatographyChromatographyChemistryOrganic ChemistryWaterGeneral MedicineAmmonium chlorideCounterionBenzalkonium CompoundsAmmonium acetateWater Pollutants Chemicalmedicine.drugChromatography LiquidJournal of chromatography. A
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Synthesis of Multisubstituted 1,4-Dihydrobenzoxazin-2-ones through a One-Pot Nucleophilic N-Alkylation/C-Alkylation of Cyclic α-Imino Esters

2017

A nucleophilic N-alkylation of 2-oxobenzoxazine-2-carboxylates with organozinc reagents with good selectivities and in moderate to good yields is described. Moreover, the synthesis of multisubstituted 1,4-dihydrobenzoxazine-2-ones bearing a tetrasubstituted carbon atom via a one-pot N-alkylation/C-alkylation reactions is reported.

Carbon atom010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementZincAlkylation010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesUmpolungReaccions químiquesCompostos orgànics SíntesiNucleophileOne pot reactionReagentOrganic chemistrylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Química orgànica
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Preliminary results of carbon degassing in the tectonically active areas of Balkan Peninsula

2020

The deeply derived CO2 from tectonically active areas is contributing in a significant proportion, still unquantified in detail, to CO2 Earth degassing. Several studies highlighted how in these tectonically active areas most of the CO2 is dissolved in the groundwaters circulating in the large regional aquifers hosted by the permeable formations of the active orogens. Quantifying the amount of deep CO2 dissolved into groundwater can represent a powerful tool for regional investigations, because springs are representative of their catchment area that can extend from tens to hundreds of square kilometers. In the framework of a Deep Carbon Observatory supported project, we investigated for the …

Carbon dioxide Earth degassing geochemistry Balkan Peninsula
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Highly efficient separation of amines by electrokinetic chromatography using resorcarene-octacarboxylic acids as pseudo-stationary phases

1998

Abstract Resorcarene-octacarboxylic acids, macrocyclic molecules built up by four alkylidene-bridged resorcinol units, were synthesized and used as pseudostationary phases in electrokinetic chromatography (EKC). Resorcarenes provide a stable structure and good solubility in electrolytes even with organic modifiers. The high electrophoretic mobility of the resorcarene-octacarboxylic acids introduced here as pseudostationary phases is based on the eight partly deprotonated carboxylic groups. This offers a broad migration time window, which is the main parameter for the resolution of peaks. From three compounds with different alkyl chain lengths (C 1 , C 5 , C 11 ), the C 11 -resorcarene-octa-…

Carboxylic acidClinical BiochemistryKineticsCarboxylic AcidsResorcinolElectrochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyBiochemistryMicellar electrokinetic chromatographyAnalytical ChemistryHomologous serieschemistry.chemical_compoundElectrokinetic phenomenaColumn chromatographyDrug DiscoveryElectrochemistryAminesDerivatizationMolecular BiologyAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationPharmacologyChromatographyChromatographyElutionHydrophilic interaction chromatographyOrganic ChemistryResorcinolsGeneral MedicineCapacity factorKineticschemistryChromatography columnBiomedical Chromatography
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