Search results for "ALLOYS"

showing 10 items of 1689 documents

A kriging interpolation strategy for the optimization of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans biomass production using fed-batch bioreactors

2008

In this work, a procedure for the optimization of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans biomass production in fed-batch reactors using a model based on optimal spatial interpolation of experimental data is proposed. The approach is useful in those cases where specific growth and substrate consumption rates are unknown. Based on interpolation, the optimal values of biomass and substrate concentrations set points are obtained at the minimum of 2-dimensional cost function. In the fed-batch reactor biomass and substrate concentrations are controlled at their set points by changing the input flow and its concentration. We propose a minimum variance control strategy which improves the classical proporti…

Nonlinear systemMinimum-variance unbiased estimatorChemistryKrigingMaterials ChemistryMetals and AlloysBiomassFunction (mathematics)Biological systemUpper and lower boundsIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringInterpolationMultivariate interpolationHydrometallurgy
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Production of plutonium tracers in 237Np nuclear reactions with 3He-ions in the energy range from 26 to 60 MeV

1998

Cross-sections for the reaction Np-237 + He-3 --> Pu-236,Pu-237,Pu-238 at He-3 bombarding energies from 26 to 60 MeV were measured. Thick-target yields, based on the measured and previously known cross-sections were constructed. The results are discussed and compared with Ether reactions leading to the formation of the same final nuclei. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A.

Nuclear reactionRange (particle radiation)ProtonMechanical EngineeringRadiochemistryMetals and Alloyschemistry.chemical_elementEtherActinide010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energy030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0104 chemical sciencesPlutoniumIon03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinechemistryMechanics of MaterialsMaterials ChemistryPlutonium-238Journal of Alloys and Compounds
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Mechanical and electroconductive properties of spatially distributed double stranded DNA arrays on Au (111)

2008

Abstract Conductive AFM was used to investigate electroconductivity through 10 nm long double stranded DNA molecules in mixed monolayers of thioalkylated-DNA and mercaptohexanol (MCH) on Au (111) surface. The distribution of DNA molecules on the surface was analyzed by tapping mode AFM. Measurements performed in lift mode confirmed that the DNA molecules protrude from the surface rather than lie horizontally adsorbed on the interface. The optimal conductivity measurement time, which is shorter than the mechanical relaxation time of oligonucleotide duplexes, was determined. It was concluded that oligonucleotide duplexes have a resistance of the order of ~ 2 Ω ⁎ m at 1 V.

OligonucleotideMetals and AlloysAnalytical chemistrySelf-assembled monolayerSurfaces and InterfacesConductive atomic force microscopyConductivitySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionchemistryMonolayerMaterials ChemistryMoleculeDNAThin Solid Films
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Light absorption and conversion in solar cell based on Si:O alloy

2013

Thin film Si:O alloys have been grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, as intrinsic or highly doped (1 to 5 at. % of B or P dopant) layers. UV-visible/near-infrared spectroscopy revealed a great dependence of the absorption coefficient and of the optical gap (Eg) on the dopant type and concentration, as Eg decreases from 2.1 to 1.9 eV, for the intrinsic or highly p-doped sample, respectively. Thermal annealing up to 400 °C induces a huge H out-diffusion which causes a dramatic absorption increase and a reduction of Eg, down to less than 1.8 eV. A prototypal solar cell has been fabricated using a 400 nm thick, p-i-n structure made of Si:O alloy embedded within flat transparent c…

Open circuit voltageSiliconAbsorption co-efficientMaterials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Analytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhotovoltaic effectChemical vapor depositionSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronicalaw.inventionPlasma enhanced chemical vapor depositionOut-diffusionPlasma-enhanced chemical vapor depositionlawSolar cellDoping (additives)Thin filmAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Infrared spectroscopyElectrical analysiDopantDopingP-i-n structureDevice fabricationThermal-annealingSolar cells Silicon alloysPhotovoltaicTransparent conductive oxides Cerium alloyJournal of Applied Physics
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TeO2-ZnO-La2O3 tellurite glass system investigation for mid-infrared robust optical fibers manufacturing

2021

Abstract TeO2-ZnO-La2O3 (TZL) ternary glasses were investigated in order to manufacture step-index optical fibers with low optical losses in the near- and mid-infrared ranges and superior mechanical properties. To identify appropriate TZL glass compositions for optical fibers manufacturing, the whole vitreous domain of the ternary diagram was explored by characterizing bulk samples from thermal and optical point of view. Investigations were focused on understanding how the refractive index evolves as a function of the composition. For this, several parameters were analyzed such as density, molar volume, oxygen packing density, molar refractivity, polarizability and optical basicity. Finally…

Optical fiberMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringGlass fiberMetals and Alloys02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCladding (fiber optics)01 natural sciencesIndentation hardness0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionCore (optical fiber)Mechanics of MaterialslawUltimate tensile strengthMaterials ChemistryComposite material0210 nano-technologyTernary operationRefractive indexJournal of Alloys and Compounds
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A frequency-output fiber optic voltage sensor with temperature compensation for power systems

2003

Abstract We present a frequency-output fiber optic voltage sensor for power systems with temperature compensated response. The sensor employs PZT-type ceramic tubes, which are interrogated by a length of single-mode fiber coiled onto the tubes and a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The combination of piezoelectric tubes with properties exhibiting opposite behavior to temperature changes is successfully exploited to passively compensate the temperature sensitivity of the sensor. The prototype reported here exhibits a resolution of 13 mV rms and the deviations of the sensor’s response due to temperature changes are within 1% over the temperature range between −30 and 70 °C. The device presented h…

Optical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMetals and AlloysHigh voltageAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter PhysicsPiezoelectricitySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCompensation (engineering)InterferometryOpticslawFiber optic sensorFiberElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessInstrumentationSensors and Actuators A: Physical
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The application of AI techniques in the optimal design of multi-pass cold drawing processes

2001

Abstract In the paper the problem of optimal pass schedule design in multi-pass wire drawing process is investigated. An automatic design procedure based on an effective artificial intelligence (AI) technique, namely simulated annealing (SA), is proposed. The developed algorithm is aimed to achieve a satisfactory balance of the drawing stresses on the material along the reduction sequence, maintaining in the meantime the drawing stress at each pass below a safety value. In this way both the optimal number of passes and the optimal drawing sequence are determined. The effectiveness of the design procedure is tested through the comparison of the sequences suggested by the algorithm with a set…

Optimal designEngineeringEngineering drawingScheduleSequenceMathematical optimizationbusiness.industryWire drawingMetals and AlloysIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringComputer Science ApplicationsSet (abstract data type)Reduction (complexity)Modeling and SimulationSimulated annealingCeramics and CompositesbusinessJournal of Materials Processing Technology
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Enhanced H2O2 production over Au-rich bimetallic Au-Pd nanoparticles on ordered mesoporous carbons

2015

1 figures, 3 tables.-- © 2014. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Ordered carbonMaterials scienceHydrogenInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementNanoparticleGeneral ChemistryHydrogen peroxideCatalysisCatalysisMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPd nanoparticlesvisual_artAuPd alloysAcid treatmentvisual_art.visual_art_mediumNanoparticlesHydrogen peroxideMesoporous materialCMK-3Bimetallic stripCatalysis Today 248: 48-57 (2015)
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(o-Phenyleno)naphthalene diimides: a pink fluorescent chromophore

2017

(o-Phenyleno)naphthalene dianhydride 7 was synthesized by a six-step reaction. Imidizations of 7 led to various diimides 8. Their optical and electrochemical properties hold promise for organic electronics.

Organic electronics010405 organic chemistryChemistryMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryChromophore010402 general chemistryElectrochemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesFluorescenceCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesNaphthaleneChemical Communications
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Determination of charge carrier mobility of hole transporting polytriarylamine-based diodes

2010

Hole transport properties of three different side chain poly(triarylamines) have been determined by means of the analysis of steady-state current-voltage characteristics using co-planar diode structures. The interpretation is based on space-charge limited models with field-dependent mobility. Mobilities between ~ 10- 8 and 10- 6 cm2 V- 1 s- 1 are obtained. The highest mobility is achieved for poly(tetraphenylbenzidine) devices and the lowest for poly(triphenylamine) devices. Electron-rich methoxy substituents increase the mobility of poly(triphenylamine)s. A comparison of the mobility values with those obtained using organic field-effect transistors is also given. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All r…

Organic electronicsMobilityElectron mobilitybusiness.industryOrganic electronicsMetals and AlloysSurfaces and InterfacesPoly(triarylamines)TriphenylamineSpace chargeHole-transporting materialsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOrganic semiconductorchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYMaterials ChemistrySide chainOptoelectronicsField-effect transistorbusinessDiode
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