Search results for "AMP"
showing 10 items of 10184 documents
Signal to noise ratio measurements of silicon photomultipliers in the continuous wave regime
2014
We report on our signal to noise ratio (SNR) measurements carried out, in the continuous wave regime, on a novel class of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) fabricated in planar technology on silicon p-type substrate.
Signal to noise ratio measurements of silicon photomultipliers
2014
We report on our signal to noise ratio (SNR) measurements carried out, in the continuous wave regime, on a novel class of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) fabricated in planar technology on silicon p-type substrate. SiPMs are large area detectors consisting of a parallel array of Geiger Mode APDs with individual integrated quenching resistors. Each photodiode is an independent photon counting microcell and is connected to a common analog output to produce a summation signal proportional to the number of detected photons [1], [2]. SNR of SiPMs is expressed by the ratio of the SiPM average signal current and the RMS deviation of the overall current (i.e., the overall shot noise current). The …
Experimental generalized quantum suppression law in Sylvester interferometers
2017
Photonic interference is a key quantum resource for optical quantum computation, and in particular for so-called boson sampling machines. In interferometers with certain symmetries, genuine multiphoton quantum interference effectively suppresses certain sets of events, as in the original Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. Recently, it was shown that some classical and semi-classical models could be ruled out by identifying such suppressions in Fourier interferometers. Here we propose a suppression law suitable for random-input experiments in multimode Sylvester interferometers, and verify it experimentally using 4- and 8-mode integrated interferometers. The observed suppression is stronger than what is…
Thin Film CIGS Solar Cells, Photovoltaic Modules, and the Problems of Modeling
2013
Starting from the results regarding a nonvacuum technique to fabricate CIGS thin films for solar cells by means of single-step electrodeposition, we focus on the methodological problems of modeling at cell structure and photovoltaic module levels. As a matter of fact, electrodeposition is known as a practical alternative to costly vacuum-based technologies for semiconductor processing in the photovoltaic device sector, but it can lead to quite different structural and electrical properties. For this reason, a greater effort is required to ensure that the perspectives of the electrical engineer and the material scientist are given an opportunity for a closer comparison and a common language.…
Simulation analysis of Ruthenium-based Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
2016
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC), usually referred as one of the most promising third generation photovoltaic devices, is an electrochemical device in which a molecule (i.e., the dye) chemisorbed onto the surface of a porous material absorbs the incident light and, thus, transfers an electron to the wide band gap semiconductor material. The injected electrons can diffuse through the semiconductor up to the collecting anode without the risk of recombination. The roles of the electrolyte which permeates the cell are to regenerate the ionized molecule and to implement a hole-transporting layer, allowing to repeat the abovementioned process. Thanks to this behaviour, semiconductors with large a…
Electro-optical characterization of highly efficient Dye-Sensitized solar cells
2015
Nowadays, a growing demand for free and clean energy requires the study and the development of new low-cost solar photovoltaic (PV) cells. Among them, Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) based on ruthenium complexes as sensitizers are assuming a great importance. The DSSCs under study are composed placing in succession a transparent conductive glass on which is screen-printed a mesoporous TiO2 thin film sensitized by a ruthenium based dye (N719), an electrolytic solution containing a redox couple (I-/I3-) and another conductive glass covered by a thin transparent catalyst platinum film. In this work, we have measured the main photoelectrochemical parameters of the above mentioned DSSCs at di…
Laser Beam Induced Current measurements on Dye Sensitized Solar Cells and thin film CIG(S,SE)2 modules
2017
Calculating the efficiency of a solar cell depends on a precise knowledge of its area. Indeed, the photoresponse uniformity is essential to improve the manufacturing process. In this work we report on Laser Beam Induced Current measurements performed on CIG(S,Se)2 modules and Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. These measurements, performed via a green and a red HeNe lasers both operating at an optical irradiance of 1 Sun, allowed to obtain an accurate photoresponse map of the specimens and highlighted the non-uniformities with a spatial resolution of 400 μm and 80 μm, respectively.
CulnSe2/Zn(S,O,OH) junction on Mo foil by electrochemical and chemical route for photovoltaic applications
2014
Electrodeposition is a convenient technique for the development of low cost materials for photovoltaic (PV) device processing. Using a single step electrodeposition route, several groups have fabricated CIS (CuInSe) and CIGS (CuInGaSe) films [1]. One of the most important requirements for successful application of one-step electrodeposition film formation, is the ability to control composition of the deposited films and to develop polycrystalline microstructures with a low surface roughness and high sintered density. In this preliminary work, CIS films were produced by single bath electrodeposition finding the optimal conditions in order to achieve a dense film with high crystallinity and u…
Initial validation of the Psychobiosocial States in Physical Education (PBS-SPE) scale
2018
The purpose of this cross-sectional investigation was to examine the item characteristics, factor structure, reliability, convergent validity, and nomological validity of the Psychobiosocial States in Physical Education (PBS-SPE) scale. In Study 1, a sample of 1,030 students (582 girls and 448 boys, 10 to 19-year-olds), drawn from middle or high schools, rated the intensity of the 20 items version of the PBS-SPE scale thinking about the feelings they had usually experienced in physical education classes. In Study 2, an additional sample of 1,025 students (578 girls, 447 boys, 10 to 19-year-olds), rated the 16 items of the final version of the scale. Two subsamples also completed an affectiv…
Validation of chasmophytic syntaxa of colline and montane zones in Tajikistan (Middle Asia)
2016
AbstractEight syntaxa are validated with the previous names regarded as invalidly published according to the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. The validation concerns syntaxa of rock plant communities of the Campanuletalia incanescentis order reported from the Pamir Alai mountains in Tajikistan. The majority of validated syntaxa represents association level, one is an alliance. All validations are conducted due to the invalidity of tables with typus releves according to art. 1 of the Code: they were not distributed as printed matter. The validated syntaxa are as follows: Caricion koshewnikowii, Scutellarietum hissaricae, Scutellarietum schugnanicae, Scutellarietum zaprja…