Search results for "ANDROGENS"

Prenatal androgen exposure modulates cellular and humoral immune function of black-headed gull chicks

2005

Avian eggs contain considerable amounts of maternal yolk androgens, which have been shown to beneficially influence the physiology and behaviour of the chick. As androgens may suppress immune functions, they may also entail costs for the chick. This is particularly relevant for colonial species, such as the black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus), in which the aggregation of large numbers of birds during the breeding season enhances the risk of infectious diseases for the hatching chick.To test the effect of maternal yolk androgens on the chick's immune function, we experimentally manipulated, in a field study, yolk androgen levels within the physiological range by in ovo injection of either a…

Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review

2021

Abstract Context The assessment of “soft” endpoints such as health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is increasingly relevant when evaluating the optimal treatment sequence of novel therapeutic options in patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Objective To systematically review contemporary data regarding HRQOL outcomes in patients with advanced PCa. Evidence acquisition A systematic review of the literature published between January 2011 and March 2019 was performed using the PubMed/Medline Database. In total, 873 articles were screened, and 14 articles including 12 661 patients were selected for synthesis and included in the current analysis according to the Preferred Reporting Items…

Digit ratio (2D:4D) is associated with traffic violations for male frequent car drivers

2009

Digit ratio (2D:4D) is a putative marker of prenatal hormone exposure. A lower digit ratio has been suggested as an index of higher testosterone relative to estrogen exposure during prenatal development. Digit ratio has been associated with a variety of psychological sex-dimorphic variables, including spatial orientation, aggression, or risk-taking behavior. The present study aimed to relate digit ratio to traffic violations for a male sample (N = 77) of frequent car drivers. Digit ratio was assessed via printout scans of the hand, and traffic offense behavior was assessed via self-reported penalty points as registered by the Central Register of Traffic Offenders in Germany. In addition, so…

A putative social chemosignal elicits faster cortical responses than perceptually similar odorants.

2006

Social chemosignals, so-called pheromones, have recently attracted much attention in that effects on women's psychophysiology and cortical processing have been reported. We here tested the hypothesis that the human brain would process a putative social chemosignal, the endogenous steroid endrostadienone, faster than other odorants with perceptually matched intensity and hedonic characteristics. Chemosensory event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded in healthy women. ERP analyses indicate that androstadienone was processed significantly faster than the control odorants. Androstadienone elicited shorter latencies for all recorded ERP components but most so for the late positivity. This fin…

Anti-androgens for the treatment of hirsutism.

2002

Many alternatives exist for treating hirsutism. Based on an analysis of scientific literature and on the experiences of the author, the most common anti-androgen agents are discussed in this review. Androgen receptor blockers (cyproterone acetate, flutamide and spironolactone), 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors (finasteride) and androgen-suppressing agents (gonadotrophin-releasing hormone [GnRH] agonists, oestroprogestins, corticosteroids and insulin-sensitising agents) are evaluated and compared. The importance of diagnosis in choosing the most appropriate anti-androgen treatment is also discussed.

Radiotherapy before or during androgen-deprivation therapy does not blunt the exercise-induced body composition protective effects in prostate cancer…

2021

Background Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) contributes to lean mass loss and adiposity increases in prostate cancer patients. Radiotherapy during ADT might act synergistically and further worsen body composition. Previous investigations have shown that resistance training is an effective method of preserving body composition during ADT, however, most have not accounted for direct or indirect effects of other therapies, such as radiotherapy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine training adaptations of the tissue composition in patients receiving radiation therapy (RT) prior or during ADT. Methods Analyses were performed by combining data from two previous trials for a total…

Androgen metabolism and biotransformation in nontumoral and malignant human liver tissues and cells

2009

There is indirect multiple evidence that hints at a potential role of sex steroids in development and progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we have investigated androgen metabolism in a panel of human liver cancer cell lines (HA22T, Huh7, HepG2) and in normal, cirrhotic and malignant human liver tissues aiming to dissect the potential impact of individual enzyme activities and their products in normal and diseased human liver, both in vivo and in vitro. Using our intact cell analysis we were able to assess rates and pathways of androgen metabolism in living conditions. Overall, incubation of cultured cells or tissue minces with either testosterone (T) or…

Steroid-growth factor interaction in human prostate cancer. 2. Effects of transforming growth factors on androgen metabolism of prostate cancer cells

1996

The ability of human prostate cancer cells to metabolize androgens was assessed through administration of physiological concentration (0.5-10 nM) of tritiated testosterone (T) as precursor and one-step analysis of both T degradation and products' formation by reverse-phase HPLC and on-line radioactive detection after either 24 h or 72 h incubation. Overall, different prostate cancer cells degraded T quite differently, favoring alternatively reductive or oxidative metabolic pathways. In particular, both LNCaP and DU145 cells retained high levels of unconverted T, with a limited production of androstenedione and its 17-keto derivatives and relatively high amounts of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) …

Multiple Estrogen Function in Human Prostate Cancer Cells

1996

Serum androsterone conjugates differentiate between acne and hirsutism in hyperandrogenic women

1991

Objective To determine if among hyperandrogenic women acne may be differentiated from hirsutism by markers of peripheral androgen metabolism. Design Prospective outpatient study of 36 hyperandrogenic women and controls divided into groups based on the presence or absence of significant hirsutism and the presence or absence of moderate to severe acne. Serum levels of adrenal and ovarian derived androgens were elevated but similar in all patient groups. Interventions Measurement of serum androgens including metabolites of 5 α -reductase activity: 3 α -androstanediol glucuronide and sulfate and androsterone (A) glucuronide and sulfate. Results 3 α -androstanediol glucuronide and sulfate were e…