Search results for "ANN"
showing 10 items of 14573 documents
Hard material small-batch industrial machining robot
2018
Abstract Hard materials can be cost effectively machined with standard industrial robots by enhancing current state-of-the-art technologies. It is demonstrated that even hard metals with specific robotics-optimised novel hard-metal tools can be machined by standard industrial robots with an improved position-control approach and enhanced compliance-control functions. It also shows that the novel strategies to compensate for elastic robot errors, based on models and advanced control, as well as the utilisation of new affordable sensors and human-machine interfaces, can considerably improve the robot performance and applicability of robots in machining tasks. In conjunction with the developme…
HACIA LA SOBERANIA ALIMENTARIA, ENTRE LA REORGANIZACION INSTITUCIONAL Y LA INICIATIVA LOCAL. EL PROYECTO COMUNITARIO DE RIEGO DE MARIANO ACOSTA (ECUA…
2018
Ecuador es una de las primeras naciones que ha incorporado en su texto constitucional el concepto de soberanía alimentaria. En su Carta Magna de 2008, el artículo 281 señala que la soberanía alimentaria constituye un objetivo estratégico y una obligación, y el artículo 282 requiere que el Estado prohíba el acaparamiento o la privatización del agua. En este contexto, la gestión y la regulación de los recursos hídricos han generado divergencias entre las autoridades centrales y las comunidades rurales. La aprobación de la Ley de Aguas de 2014 ha avivado estas discrepancias. A través del análisis del proyecto comunitario de Mariano Acosta en la provincia de Imbabura, este artículo cuestiona si…
Transformation of Construction Cement to a Self-Healing Hybrid Binder
2019
A new biomimetic strategy to im prove the self-healing properties of Portland cement is presented that is based on the application of the biogenic inorganic polymer polyphosphate (polyP), which is used as a cement admixture. The data show that synthetic linear polyp, with an average chain length of 40, as well as natural long-chain polyP isolated from soil bacteria, has the ability to support self-healing of this construction material. Furthermore, polyP, used as a water-soluble Na-salt, is subject to Na+/Ca2+ exchange by the Ca2+ from the cement, resulting in the formation of a water-rich coacervate when added to the cement surface, especially to the surface of bacteria-containing cement/c…
Outward Investments and Productivity: Evidence from European Regions
2016
Castellani D. and Pieri F. Outward investments and productivity: evidence from European regions, Regional Studies. Using a novel data set on international investment projects, this paper builds measures of outward foreign direct investments (FDIs) for 262 regions of the European Union. This allows as estimation to be made of regressions of productivity growth over the 2007–11 period as a function of the number of FDIs. The number of outward FDIs in manufacturing activities is negatively associated with productivity growth in the home region, but investments in sales, distribution and marketing are associated with a boost in local productivity. This is driven especially by investments toward…
Creating a questionnaire for a scientific study
2016
Using questionnaires has become a permanent part of collecting data in scientific studies within the sphere of human sciences as well as other disciplines. It has been utilized already for nearly a century in collecting data. The first questionnaires were carried out on paper but nowadays there are e-questionnaires alongside it which can be carried out through e-mail or published on a social media platform (for example, Facebook). An often used method is also a survey which is carried out with a research project's own web page, association or company etc. A questionnaire has been considered as an actual scientific method of data collection since 1930s. However, it was already used a little …
Does EU cohesion policy work? Theory and evidence
2017
This paper evaluates the effectiveness of European Cohesion Policy in the regions of 12 EU countries in the period 1991–2008, on the basis of a spatial growth model, which allows for the identification of both direct and indirect effects of EU funds on GDP per worker growth. We find that “Objective 1” funds are characterized by strong spatial externalities and a positive and concave effect on the growth of GDP per worker, which reaches a peak at the ratio funds/GDP of approximately 3 percent and becomes non-significant after 4 percent. “Objective 2” and “Cohesion” funds have nonsignificant effects, while all the other funds exert a positive and significant effect, but their size is very lim…
Combined column-and-row-generation for the optimal communication spanning tree problem
2018
Abstract This paper considers the exact solution of the optimal communication spanning tree problem (OCSTP), which can be described as follows: Given an undirected graph with transportation costs on every edge and communication requirements for all pairs of vertices, the OCSTP seeks for a spanning tree that minimizes the sum of the communication costs between all pairs of vertices, where the communication cost of a pair of vertices is defined as their communication requirement multiplied by the transportation cost of the unique tree path that connects the two vertices. Two types of compact formulations for OCSTP were presented in the literature. The first one is a four-index model based on …
Climate Change and Disasters
2017
Ideas and approaches proven successful within disaster risk reduction (DRR) literature and practice are either bypassed or inadequately considered by contemporary climate change work. This chapter explores the intersections between climate change and hazards, vulnerability, and risk, looking at climate change as both a hazard driver and a hazard inhibitor. The implications of the narrow interpretations of vulnerability employed in climate change work are examined, as well as the ways in which climate change has come to act as a scapegoat for issues, events, and processes caused by hazard-independent factors. The chapter formulates a case for climate change adaptation (CCA) to be seen as a s…
Miracles in Dark Times: Hannah Arendt and Refugees as ‘Vanguard’
2019
AbstractThe radical uncertainty that refugees face because of war, flight and exile often dramatically shapes their participation in society. Violent conflict and human rights abuses are not just disproportionately experienced by, but can also create, political subjects. Such life events can transform the motivations, sense of responsibility and political actions of individuals with refugee backgrounds. In this article, we explore the links between civil–political engagement and the life stories of such individuals, analysing our empirical data through themes in the work of Hannah Arendt. We make three central points. First, we highlight the possibility of refugees as ‘vanguard’, playing a …
Analyzing Cascading Effects in Interdependent Critical Infrastructures
2018
International audience; Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are resources that are essential for the performance of society, including its economy and its security. Large-scale disasters, whether natural or man-made, can have devastating primary (direct) effects on some CI and significant indirect effects (cascading effects) on other CIs, because CIs are interconnected and depend on each other’s services. Recent work by Laugé et al. expressed the dependency values among CIs as dependency matrices for various durations of the primary CI failure. For better preparedness and mitigation of CI failures knowledge of the weak points in CI interdependencies is crucial. To this effect, we have developed …