Search results for "ANTHROPOMETRY"
showing 10 items of 361 documents
Influence of long-term postmenopausal hormone-replacement therapy on estimated structural bone strength: A study in discordant monozygotic twins
2010
Although postmenopausal hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) is known to prevent fractures, knowledge on the influence of long-term HRT on bone strength and its determinants other than areal bone mineral density is scarce. This study used a genetically controlled design with 24 monozygotic female twin pairs aged 54 to 72 years in which one cotwin was using HRT (mean duration 8 years) and the other had never used HRT. Estimated bone strength, cross-sectional area, volumetric bone mineral density, bone mineral mass, and cross-sectional density and mass distributions were assessed in the tibial shaft, distal tibia, and distal radius with peripheral computed tomography (pQCT). In the tibial shaft,…
Quantitative ultrasonography of muscle: Detection of adaptations to training in elderly women
1996
Abstract Objective: To develop quantitative ultrasonography in studying the adaptation of quadriceps muscle mass and composition to short-term physical training and rehabilitation in elderly women. Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: Measurements in a research laboratory and training in a fitness center and sports hall. Participants: Forty-two women, aged 76 to 78 years, with no indications against intensive physical exercise, randomly assigned to strength ( n = 16), endurance ( n = 15), and control ( n = 11) groups. Twelve subjects from the strength, 12 from the endurance, and 11 from the control group completed the study. Intervention: Supervised physical training 3 times a week fo…
Associations of physical activity, fitness, and body composition with heart rate variability–based indicators of stress and recovery on workdays: a c…
2014
Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate how physical activity (PA), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and body composition are associated with heart rate variability (HRV)-based indicators of stress and recovery on workdays. Additionally, we evaluated the association of objectively measured stress with self-reported burnout symptoms. Methods. Participants of this cross-sectional study were 81 healthy males (age range 26–40 y). Stress and recovery on workdays were measured objectively based on HRV recordings. CRF and anthropometry were assessed in laboratory conditions. The level of PA was based on a detailed PA interview (MET index [MET-h/d]) and self-reported activity class…
A Preliminary Study on Cranio-Facial Characteristics Associated with Minor Neurological Dysfunctions (MNDs) in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder…
2020
Background. Craniofacial anomalies and minor neurological dysfunction (MNDs) have been identified, in literature, as risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders. They represent physical indicators of embryonic development suggesting a possible contributory role of complications during early, even pre-conceptional, phases of ontogeny in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Limited research has been conducted about the co-occurrence of the two biomarkers in children with ASD. This study investigates the associative patterns of cranio-facial anomalies and MNDs in ASD children, and whether these neurodevelopmental markers correlate with intensity of ASD symptoms and overall functioning. Methods. …
Influencia de la masa muscular en el VO2max en atletismo, triatlón y natación
2019
El objetivo del estudio es conocer cómo influye la masa muscular de la extremidad inferior y superior en el volumen de oxigeno máximo por kilogramo de masa muscular (VO2max/Kgmus/min) en jóvenes deportistas en función de su especialidad deportiva y grupo de edad. La muestra está compuesta por 400 deportistas de ambos sexos del Centro de Tecnificación de Cheste (Valencia) clasificados en 3 grupos de edad: <12-13, 14-16 y 17-20 años, y de especialidades deportivas de resistencia. Los datos fisiológicos se han obtenido de un test ergoespirométrico incremental en rampa (protocolo Wasserman) y los datos antropométricos del protocolo ISAK. Los resultados derivados del Análisis de Varianza (ANO…
Strength and muscle mass loss with aging process. Age and strength loss.
2014
Background aging process is associated with changes in muscle mass and strength with decline of muscle strength after the 30(th) life year. The aim of this study was to investigate these changes in muscle mass and strength. Patients & methods for this analysis 26 participants were subdivided in two groups. Group 1 comprises participants aged 40 years (n=12). We assessed anthropometrics, range of motions, leg circumferences and isometric strength values of the knee joints. Results besides comparable anthropometrics, circumferences and strength were higher in group 1 than in group 2. Circumference of upper leg (20 cm above knee articular space) showed for right leg a trend to a significant (m…
Hand-Grip Strength Cut Points to Screen Older Persons at Risk for Mobility Limitation
2010
Objectives To determine optimal hand-grip strength cut points for likelihood of mobility limitation in older people and to study whether these cut points differ according to body mass index (BMI). Design Cross-sectional analysis of data. Setting Data collected in the Finnish population-based Health 2000 Survey. Participants One thousand eighty-four men and 1,562 women aged 55 and older with complete data on anthropometry, hand-grip strength and self-reported mobility. Measurements Mobility limitation was defined as difficulty walking 0.5 km or climbing stairs. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to estimate hand-grip strength cut points for likelihood of mobility limitation.…
Maximal isometric muscle strength and anthropometry in 75-year-old men and women in three Nordic localities
2007
Isometric maximal strength of hand grip, elbow flexion, knee extension, trunk extension and trunk flexion was studied in representative samples of 75-year-old residents of 3 Nordic localities: Glostrup in Denmark, Gothenburg in Sweden and Jyvaskyla in Finland. The study forms a part of a wider comparative research project analyzing the functional capacity and health of 75-year-olds in these towns. The strength measurements were carried out using standardized techniques and identical dynamometers. The results showed that the strength values of the limb muscles were significantly lower among the 75-year-olds in Jyvaskyla, both in absolute values and in relative units (N/kg body mass). For the…
Anthropometric measurements and nutritional assessment in autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review
2015
Abstract Adequate nutrient intake is essential for health. Due to food selectivity and restrictive diets, people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have impaired nutritional status, which could affect their growth. We present a systematic review of publications (1970–2013) on anthropometric measurements and nutritional assessment in this population. The limited research published on growth and nutritional status has found contradictory results. Nutritional assessment has indicated limited food variety in the ASD population but has not confirmed significant differences with respect to recommended intakes or controls. In addition to the lack of control groups, studies in this area have s…
The short die young: the interrelationship between stature and longevity-evidence from skeletal remains.
2005
It has long been observed that tall people display longer life spans. The current data were employed to verify this association within the bioarchaeological context. To this end, stature and its association with age-at-death were analyzed in a pooled sample of 2,923 skeletons. Height was estimated from proxy indicators based on the maximum length of the humerus, radius, femur, and tibia. Stature estimation followed the procedure outlined by Pearson ([1899] Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. [A] 192:169-244), incorporating minor modifications by Rosing ([ 1988] Handbuch der vergleichenden Biologie des Menschen; Stuttgart: Gustave Fischer, p 586-600). Individual age estimates were classified into t…