Search results for "ARN"
showing 10 items of 8344 documents
Dynamic longitudinal behavior in animals exposed to chronic social defeat stress
2020
AbstractChronic social defeat (CSD) can lead to impairments in social interaction and other behaviors that are supposed to model features of major depressive disorder (MDD). Not all animals subjected to CSD, however, develop these impairments, and maintained social interaction in some animals is widely used as a model for resilience to stress-induced mental dysfunctions. So far, animals have mainly been studied shortly (24 hours and 7 days) after CSD exposure and longitudinal development of behavioral phenotypes in individual animals has been mostly neglected. We have analyzed social interaction and novel object recognition behavior of stressed mice at different time points after CSD and ha…
Heterozygous deletion of the LRFN2 gene is associated with working memory deficits
2016
International audience; Learning disabilities (LDs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of diseases. Array-CGH and high-throughput sequencing have dramatically expanded the number of genes implicated in isolated intellectual disabilities and LDs, highlighting the implication of neuron-specific post-mitotic transcription factors and synaptic proteins as candidate genes. We report a unique family diagnosed with autosomal dominant learning disability and a 6p21 microdeletion segregating in three patients. The 870 kb microdeletion encompassed the brain-expressed gene LRFN2, which encodes for a synaptic cell adhesion molecule. Neuropsychological assessment identified selective w…
The TrkB agonist 7,8-dihydroxyflavone changes the structural dynamics of neocortical pyramidal neurons and improves object recognition in mice
2018
This is a pre-print of an article published in Brain Structure and Function. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-018-1637-x. BDNF and its receptor TrkB have important roles in neurodevelopment, neural plasticity, learning, and memory. Alterations in TrkB expression have been described in different CNS disorders. Therefore, drugs interacting with TrkB, specially agonists, are promising therapeutic tools. Among them, the recently described 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF), an orally bioactive compound, has been successfully tested in animal models of these diseases. Recent studies have shown the influence of this drug on the structure of pyramidal …
Temporal profiling of an acute stress-induced behavioral phenotype in mice and role of hippocampal DRR1.
2018
Abstract Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the response to an acute stressor may provide novel insights into successful stress-coping strategies. Acute behavioral stress-effects may be restricted to a specific time window early after stress-induction. However, existing behavioral test batteries typically span multiple days or even weeks, limiting the feasibility for a broad behavioral analysis following acute stress. Here, we designed a novel comprehensive behavioral test battery in male mice that assesses multiple behavioral dimensions within a sufficiently brief time window to capture acute stress-effects and its temporal profile. Using this battery, we investigated …
Predicting the spatial abundance of Ixodes ricinus ticks in southern Scandinavia using environmental and climatic data
2019
AbstractRecently, focus on tick-borne diseases has increased as ticks and their pathogens have become widespread and represent a health problem in Europe. Understanding the epidemiology of tick-borne infections requires the ability to predict and map tick abundance. We measured Ixodes ricinus abundance at 159 sites in southern Scandinavia from August-September, 2016. We used field data and environmental variables to develop predictive abundance models using machine learning algorithms, and also tested these models on 2017 data. Larva and nymph abundance models had relatively high predictive power (normalized RMSE from 0.65–0.69, R2 from 0.52–0.58) whereas adult tick models performed poorly …
Spatial learning and long-term memory impairments in RasGrf1 KO, Pttg1 KO, and double KO mice
2018
© 2018 The Authors.
Dopamine neurons drive fear extinction learning by signaling the omission of expected aversive outcomes
2018
Extinction of fear responses is critical for adaptive behavior and deficits in this form of safety learning are hallmark of anxiety disorders. However, the neuronal mechanisms that initiate extinction learning are largely unknown. Here we show, using single-unit electrophysiology and cell-type specific fiber photometry, that dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are activated by the omission of the aversive unconditioned stimulus (US) during fear extinction. This dopamine signal occurred specifically during the beginning of extinction when the US omission is unexpected, and correlated strongly with extinction learning. Furthermore, temporally-specific optogenetic inhibition o…
Circadian and Dopaminergic Regulation of Fatty Acid Oxidation Pathway Genes in Retina and Photoreceptor Cells.
2016
The energy metabolism of the retina might comply with daily changes in energy demand and is impaired in diabetic retinopathy-one of the most common causes of blindness in Europe and the USA. The aim of this study was to investigate putative adaptation of energy metabolism in healthy and diabetic retina. Hence expression analysis of metabolic pathway genes was performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, semi-quantitative western blot and immunohistochemistry. Transcriptional profiling of key enzymes of energy metabolism identified transcripts of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation enzymes, i.e. carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α (Cpt-1α) and medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (A…
Plasma Metabolomics Profiles are Associated with the Amount and Source of Protein Intake: A Metabolomics Approach within the PREDIMED Study.
2020
SCOPE: The plasma metabolomics profiles of protein intake has been rarely investigated. We aimed to identify the distinct plasma metabolomics profiles associated with overall intakes of protein as well as with intakes from animal and plant protein sources. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cross-sectional analysis using data from 1,833 participants at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Plasma metabolomics analysis was performed using LC-MS. Associations between 385 identified metabolites and the intake of total, animal protein (AP) and plant protein (PP), and plant-to-animal ratio (PR) were assessed using elastic net continuous regression analyses. A double 10-cross-validation (CV) procedure was used …
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation Inhibition Promotes Glucose Utilization and Protein Deposition through Energy Homeostasis Remodeling in Fish.
2020
BACKGROUND: Fish cannot use carbohydrate efficiently and instead utilize protein for energy supply, thus limiting dietary protein storage. Protein deposition is dependent on protein turnover balance, which correlates tightly with cellular energy homeostasis. Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) plays a crucial role in energy metabolism. However, the effect of remodeled energy homeostasis caused by inhibited mitochondrial FAO on protein deposition in fish has not been intensively studied. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the regulatory role of mitochondrial FAO in energy homeostasis maintenance and protein deposition by studying lipid, glucose, and protein metabolism in fish. M…