Search results for "ARTICLES"

showing 10 items of 9626 documents

Relativistic kinematic approach to the classical ideal gas

2019

he necessary and sufficient conditions for a unit time-like vector field to be the unit velocity of a classical ideal gas are obtained. In a recent paper [Coll, Ferrando and S\'aez, Phys. Rev D {\bf 99} (2019)] we have offered a purely hydrodynamic description of a classical ideal gas. Here we take one more step in reducing the number of variables necessary to characterize these media by showing that a plainly kinematic description can be obtained. We apply the results to obtain test solutions to the hydrodynamic equation that model the evolution in local thermal equilibrium of a classical ideal gas. \end{abstract}

Thermal equilibriumPhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)010308 nuclear & particles physicsMathematical analysisFOS: Physical sciencesKinematicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyIdeal gas0103 physical sciencesVector field010306 general physicsUnit (ring theory)
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Thermodynamic class II Szekeres-Szafron solutions. Singular models

2019

A family of parabolic Szekeres-Szafron class II solutions in local thermal equilibrium is studied and their associated thermodynamics are obtained. The subfamily with the hydrodynamic behavior of a generic ideal gas (defined by the equation of state $p = k n \Theta$) results to be an inhomogeneous generalization of flat FLRW $\gamma$-law models. Three significative interpretations that follow on from the choice of three specific thermodynamic schemes are analyzed in depth. First, the generic ideal gas in local thermal equilibrium; this interpretation leads to an inhomogeneous temperature $\Theta$. Second, the thermodynamics with homogeneous temperature considered by Lima and Tiomno (CQG 6 1…

Thermal equilibriumPhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Spacetime010308 nuclear & particles physicsEquation of state (cosmology)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesIdeal gasGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyInterpretation (model theory)symbols.namesakeFriedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric0103 physical sciencesCompressibilitysymbolsLimit (mathematics)010306 general physicsMathematical physics
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Fabrication, characterization, thermal stability and nanoassemblies of novel pullulan-aspirin conjugates

2017

Abstract Present study deals with homogeneous and one-pot synthesis of novel macromolecular prodrugs (MPDs) of aspirin onto naturally occurring hydrophilic biopolymer pullulan. Pullulan-aspirin conjugates were synthesized by using green carboxylic acid activating reagent 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI). The aspirin was first reacted with CDI to prepare aspirin-imidazolide at RT for 24 h which in situ reacted with pre-dissolved pullulan and the reaction preceded further for 24 h at 80 °C under nitrogen. Degree of substitution (DS 0.32–0.40) of aspirin onto pullulan was calculated from 1H NMR spectroscopy. Spectroscopic techniques confirmed the high covalent drug loading and purity. Thermal an…

Thermal propertiesChemistry(all)General Chemical EngineeringCarboxylic acid02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundBiopolymersAmphiphileOrganic chemistryThermal stabilitychemistry.chemical_classificationAspirinEsterificationPullulanGeneral ChemistryProdrug021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical scienceschemistrylcsh:QD1-999Covalent bondReagentengineeringChemical Engineering(all)NanoparticlesBiopolymer0210 nano-technologyPullulan-aspirin conjugatesArabian Journal of Chemistry
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NanoMORALs: Metal Nanoparticles Doped with Organic Molecules

2009

A new class of nanosized metal–organic alloys (MORALs) has been synthesized for the first time. Silver nanoparticles doped with Cu(II) and Fe(III) phthalocyanines were thus synthesized in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The resulting materials were characterized by means of XRD, SEM, TEM coupled to energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. No leaching of the photoactive dopant species was observed in water or in common organic solvents.

Thermogravimetric analysisDopantOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryDopingtechnology industry and agricultureGeneral ChemistryCatalysisSilver nanoparticleOrganic moleculeschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryLeaching (metallurgy)Sodium dodecyl sulfateMetal nanoparticlesNuclear chemistry
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Nanocrystalline ZnCO3—A novel sorbent for low-temperature removal of H2S

2013

Abstract The reactivity of a nanocrystalline ZnCO 3 toward H 2 S (0.2 vol% in N 2 /H 2 mixture) at 140–180 °C was characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis and by breakthrough curves measurements. We have found that under used conditions transformation of ZnCO 3 into ZnS is complete and the rate determining step of the sulfidation is the surface reaction. Such behavior is in strike contrast with that of ZnO whose sulfidation is severely limited by diffusion. The higher reactivity of ZnCO 3 in comparison with ZnO is attributed to the different microstructure of ZnS layer formed in these materials after a partial sulfidation. As in ZnO–ZnS transformation the molar volume increases (from 1…

Thermogravimetric analysisEnvironmental EngineeringMaterials scienceSorbentHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisInorganic chemistryCarbonatesTemperatureSulfidationOxideMicrostructureRate-determining stepPollutionNanocrystalline materialchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryZinc CompoundsNanoparticlesEnvironmental ChemistryReactivity (chemistry)Hydrogen SulfideWaste Management and DisposalJournal of Hazardous Materials
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Elaboration of Trans-Resveratrol Derivative-Loaded Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Glioma Treatment

2019

In this work, new nanohybrids based on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were elaborated and discussed for the first time as nanovectors of a derivative molecule of trans-resveratrol (RSV), a natural antioxidant molecule, which can be useful for brain disease treatment. The derivative molecule was chemically synthesized (4&rsquo

Thermogravimetric analysisGeneral Chemical EngineeringNanoparticle02 engineering and technologyArticletrans-resveratrol derivativelcsh:Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesDynamic light scatteringX-ray photoelectron spectroscopygliomaZeta potentialMoleculeGeneral Materials Science[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics030304 developmental biologyiron oxide superparamagnetic nanoparticles0303 health sciencesChemistry<i>trans</i>-resveratrol derivativefood and beverages021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology3. Good healthMembranelcsh:QD1-999Drug deliverydrug delivery0210 nano-technologyNuclear chemistryNanomaterials
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Precursor Polymers for the Carbon Coating of Au@ZnO Multipods for Application as Active Material in Lithium-Ion Batteries

2014

The synthesis of statistical and block copolymers based on polyacrylonitrile, as a source for carbonaceous materials, and thiol-containing repeating units as inorganic nanoparticle anchoring groups is reported. These polymers are used to coat Au@ZnO multipod heteroparticles with polymer brushes. IR spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy prove the successful binding of the polymer onto the inorganic nanostructures. Thermogravimetric analysis is applied to compare the binding ability of the block and statistical copolymers. Subsequently, the polymer coating is transformed into a carbonaceous (partially graphitic) coating by pyrolysis. The obtained carbon coating is characterized by…

Thermogravimetric analysisMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsPolymersInorganic chemistryAcrylic ResinsMetal NanoparticlesInfrared spectroscopyNanoparticleLithiumengineering.materialchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeElectric Power SuppliesMicroscopy Electron TransmissionCoatingMaterials ChemistryElectrodesIonschemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic ChemistryPolyacrylonitrileSpectrometry X-Ray EmissionElectrochemical TechniquesPolymerCarbonchemistryengineeringsymbolsGoldZinc OxideRaman spectroscopyPyrolysisMacromolecular Rapid Communications
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The role of nanoparticles in decreased washout of underwater concrete

2019

Abstract The paper presents research results of the influence of SiO2 nanoparticles on the washout of underwater concrete and hardened concrete. Based on infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses of the applied anti-washout admixture (AWA), its chemical structure was determined. A beneficial effect of SiO2 nanoparticles on the reduction of the mix washout was demonstrated and the most probable reason for that phenomenon was given, taking into account the AWA chemical structure and its behaviour in the concrete mix environment. It was found that a dosing method of AWA and nanoparticles to the concrete influenced the washout.

Thermogravimetric analysisMaterials sciencefresh concreteChemical structure0211 other engineering and technologiesInfrared spectroscopyWashoutNanoparticle020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyBuilding and Construction0201 civil engineeringChemical engineeringfinenessSio2 nanoparticles021105 building & constructionadmixturenanoparticlesGeneral Materials ScienceFourier transform infrared spectroscopyCivil and Structural EngineeringConstruction and Building Materials
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A multi-analytical approach for the characterization of black crusts on the facade of an historical cathedral

2020

Abstract This study focuses on the characterization of black crusts collected from the Monza cathedral located in the homonymous city (N Italy), a hot spot from the point of view of the atmospheric pollution. Black crusts and substrate marble specimens were analyzed by a multi-analytical approach including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform-Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Stereomicroscopy (SM), Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM), High Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (HRSEM-EDX) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP/MS). The characterization of the carbon fraction (organic carbon, OC, and element…

Thermogravimetric analysisPolarized light microscopyMaterials scienceScanning electron microscope010401 analytical chemistryMineralogychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesNitrogenBlack carbonaceous particles Black crusts Conservation Cultural Heritage Marble stone Urban air pollution0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryCharacterization (materials science)chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCarbonate0210 nano-technologySpectroscopyCarbonSettore GEO/09 -Georis. Miner.e Appl.Mineral.-Petrogr. per l'Ambi.ed i B.Cult.SpectroscopyMicrochemical Journal
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Myriocin-induced adaptive laboratory evolution of an industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals its potential to remodel lipid composition…

2020

The modification of lipid composition allows cells to adjust membrane biophysical properties in response to changes in environmental temperature. Here, we use adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) in the presence of myriocin, a sphingolipid (SLs) biosynthesis inhibitor, to remodel the lipid profile of an industrial yeast strain (LH) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The approach enabled to obtain a heterogeneous population (LHev) of myriocin‐tolerant evolved clones characterized by its growth capacity at high temperature. Myriocin exposure also caused tolerance to soraphen A, an inhibitor of the acetyl‐CoA carboxylase Acc1, the rate‐limiting enzyme in fatty acid de novo production, supporting a ch…

ThermotoleranceBioquímicaSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsSphingoid basesSaccharomyces cerevisiaePopulationPloidy levelMicrobiologiaBioengineeringSaccharomyces cerevisiaeApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistrySphingolipidFatty Acids Monounsaturated03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMyriocinBaker’s yeasteducationFatty acid synthesisResearch Articles030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studybiologyStrain (chemistry)030306 microbiologyFatty acidLipid metabolismbiology.organism_classificationYeastHeat-stressPhospholipidTriacylgliceridechemistryBiochemistryLaboratoriesTP248.13-248.65BiotechnologyResearch Article
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