Search results for "ARTICLES"

showing 10 items of 9626 documents

Charles Darwin and the Origin of Life

2009

When Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species 150 years ago he consciously avoided discussing the origin of life. However, analysis of some other texts written by Darwin, and of the correspondence he exchanged with friends and colleagues demonstrates that he took for granted the possibility of a natural emergence of the first life forms. As shown by notes from the pages he excised from his private notebooks, as early as 1837 Darwin was convinced that “the intimate relation of Life with laws of chemical combination, & the universality of latter render spontaneous generation not improbable”. Like many of his contemporaries, Darwin rejected the idea that putrefaction of preexisting organ…

ZoologyWarm little pondSpontaneous generationBiology01 natural sciencesOrigin of species03 medical and health sciencesCharles darwinAbiogenesisOrigin of life0103 physical sciencesChemical combinationNatural (music)AnimalsHumansRelation (history of concept)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstronomy Observations and TechniquesEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologySimple (philosophy)LiteratureLife Sciences general0303 health sciencesbusiness.industryFossilsLife SciencesGeneral MedicineSpecial Invited PaperEarth Sciences generalBiological EvolutionBiochemistry generalSpace and Planetary ScienceDarwin (ADL)Astrophysics and AstroparticlesbusinessDarwinOrigins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere
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Amine functionalized ZrO2 nanoparticles as biocompatible and luminescent probes for ligand specific cellular imaging

2015

Surface functionalized ZrO2 nanoparticles show strong photoluminescence and are a versatile tool for cellular targeting due to their chemical functionality. They are highly photostable, biocompatible and amenable to coupling with bioligands (e.g. secondary goat anti-rabbit antibody (GAR) and tri-phenyl phosphine (TPP)) via carbodiimide chemistry. Antibody (GAR) functionalized ZrO2 nanoparticles were used to image the nuclear protein Sirt6, whereas triphenyl phosphonium ion (TPP) functionalized ZrO2 nanoparticles specifically targeted the mitochondria. The versatility and easiness of the ZrO2 surface modification opens up new possibilities for designing non-toxic water dispersible and photos…

Zro2 nanoparticlesMaterials scienceLigandBiomedical EngineeringNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineBiocompatible materialchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySurface modificationGeneral Materials ScienceAmine gas treatingLuminescencePhosphineCarbodiimideJournal of Materials Chemistry B
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Building Anosov flows on $3$–manifolds

2014

We prove a result allowing to build (transitive or non-transitive) Anosov flows on 3-manifolds by gluing together filtrating neighborhoods of hyperbolic sets. We give several applications; for example: 1. we build a 3-manifold supporting both of a transitive Anosov vector field and a non-transitive Anosov vector field; 2. for any n, we build a 3-manifold M supporting at least n pairwise different Anosov vector fields; 3. we build transitive attractors with prescribed entrance foliation; in particular, we construct some incoherent transitive attractors; 4. we build a transitive Anosov vector field admitting infinitely many pairwise non-isotopic trans- verse tori.

[ MATH ] Mathematics [math]Pure mathematicsAnosov flowMathematics::Dynamical Systems3–manifolds[ MATH.MATH-DS ] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS][MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS]Dynamical Systems (math.DS)$3$–manifolds01 natural sciencesFoliationsSet (abstract data type)MSC: Primary: 37D20 Secondary: 57M9957M99Diffeomorphisms0103 physical sciencesAttractorFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematics[MATH]Mathematics [math]Mathematics - Dynamical SystemsManifoldsMathematics::Symplectic Geometry3-manifold37D20 57MMathematicsTransitive relation37D20010308 nuclear & particles physics010102 general mathematicsTorusMathematics::Geometric TopologyFlow (mathematics)Anosov flowsFoliation (geology)Vector fieldhyperbolic plugsGeometry and Topologyhyperbolic basic set3-manifold
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The dual and the double of a Hopf algebroid are Hopf algebroids

2017

Let $H$ be a $\times$-bialgebra in the sense of Takeuchi. We show that if $H$ is $\times$-Hopf, and if $H$ fulfills the finiteness condition necessary to define its skew dual $H^\vee$, then the coopposite of the latter is $\times$-Hopf as well. If in addition the coopposite $\times$-bialgebra of $H$ is $\times$-Hopf, then the coopposite of the Drinfeld double of $H$ is $\times$-Hopf, as is the Drinfeld double itself, under an additional finiteness condition.

[ MATH ] Mathematics [math]Pure mathematicsGeneral Computer ScienceDuality (optimization)01 natural sciencesTheoretical Computer ScienceMathematics::Category TheoryMathematics::Quantum AlgebraMathematics - Quantum Algebra0103 physical sciencesFOS: Mathematics[MATH.MATH-RA] Mathematics [math]/Rings and Algebras [math.RA]Quantum Algebra (math.QA)[ MATH.MATH-CT ] Mathematics [math]/Category Theory [math.CT]0101 mathematics[MATH]Mathematics [math]Hopf algebroid[MATH.MATH-CT]Mathematics [math]/Category Theory [math.CT]Mathematics[MATH.MATH-QA] Mathematics [math]/Quantum Algebra [math.QA]Algebra and Number TheoryMSC: 16T99 18D10[ MATH.MATH-QA ] Mathematics [math]/Quantum Algebra [math.QA]010308 nuclear & particles physicsbialgebroid[MATH.MATH-RA]Mathematics [math]/Rings and Algebras [math.RA]010102 general mathematicsMathematics::Rings and AlgebrasSkewMathematics - Rings and Algebras[MATH.MATH-CT] Mathematics [math]/Category Theory [math.CT][ MATH.MATH-RA ] Mathematics [math]/Rings and Algebras [math.RA]Dual (category theory)Rings and Algebras (math.RA)Theory of computation[MATH.MATH-QA]Mathematics [math]/Quantum Algebra [math.QA]duality
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GW170814: A Three-Detector Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Coalescence

2017

On August 14, 2017 at 10 30:43 UTC, the Advanced Virgo detector and the two Advanced LIGO detectors coherently observed a transient gravitational-wave signal produced by the coalescence of two stellar mass black holes, with a false-alarm rate of 1 in 27 000 years. The signal was observed with a three-detector network matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio of 18. The inferred masses of the initial black holes are 30.5-3.0+5.7M and 25.3-4.2+2.8M (at the 90% credible level). The luminosity distance of the source is 540-210+130 Mpc, corresponding to a redshift of z=0.11-0.04+0.03. A network of three detectors improves the sky localization of the source, reducing the area of the 90% credible regio…

[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]AstronomyCredible regionsGeneral Physics and Astronomyadvanced ligoADVANCED LIGOAstrophysicsdetector: network01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologylocalizationVIRGO detectorFilter signalsGW170814TOOLLIGOInterferometerGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQCchoiceQBHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsSignal to noise ratioSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleGravitational effectstoolFalse alarm rateCHOICEAntenna responseGravitational-wave signalsDetector networks[PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenagravitational radiation: polarizationSignal processingAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenablack hole: binary: coalescenceFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicsgravitational radiation: direct detectionGravitational-wave astronomy[ PHYS.GRQC ] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc]General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyPhysics and Astronomy (all)Binary black hole0103 physical sciencesGW151226ddc:530KAGRASTFCGw150914GW170814 Virgo LIGO010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational wavePhysiqueVirgogravitational radiationAstronomyRCUKMatched filtersblack hole: massStarsLIGOgravitational radiation detectorBlack holeradiationVIRGOPhysics and AstronomyTesting Relativistic Gravitygravitationgravitational radiation: emissionStellar-mass black holesRADIATIONStellar black holeHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAntennasDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Shaken Snow Globes: Kinematic Tracers of the Multiphase Condensation Cascade in Massive Galaxies, Groups, and Clusters

2018

We propose a novel method to constrain turbulence and bulk motions in massive galaxies, groups and clusters, exploring both simulations and observations. As emerged in the recent picture of the top-down multiphase condensation, the hot gaseous halos are tightly linked to all other phases in terms of cospatiality and thermodynamics. While hot halos (10^7 K) are perturbed by subsonic turbulence, warm (10^4 K) ionized and neutral filaments condense out of the turbulent eddies. The peaks condense into cold molecular clouds (< 100 K) raining in the core via chaotic cold accretion (CCA). We show all phases are tightly linked via the ensemble (wide-aperture) velocity dispersion along the line o…

[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astrophysics01 natural sciencesSpectral lineGalaxy groupAbsorption (logic)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsLine (formation)hydrodynamicPhysicsastro-ph.HEHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Velocity dispersionPhysics - Fluid DynamicsComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)active [galaxies]astro-ph.COspectroscopic [techniques]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysics - Computational PhysicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics[ INFO ] Computer Science [cs]Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)astro-ph.GAgalaxies: activeFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsISM [radio lines]0103 physical sciences[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph]/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1912[INFO]Computer Science [cs]Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysicsradio lines: ISM010308 nuclear & particles physicsMolecular cloudturbulenceFluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicAstrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesX-rays: galaxies: clusterGalaxyAccretion (astrophysics)[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph]physics.flu-dynphysics.comp-phSpace and Planetary ScienceX-rays: galaxies: clustersAstrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)hydrodynamics/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3103galaxies: clusters [X-rays][PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]techniques: spectroscopic
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A Hard Look at the Neutron Stars and Accretion Disks in 4U 1636-53, GX 17+2, and 4U 1705-44 with NuStar

2017

We present $\emph{NuSTAR}$ observations of neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binaries: 4U 1636-53, GX 17+2, and 4U 1705-44. We observed 4U 1636-53 in the hard state, with an Eddington fraction, $F_{\mathrm{Edd}}$, of 0.01; GX 17+2 and 4U 1705-44 were in the soft state with fractions of 0.57 and 0.10, respectively. Each spectrum shows evidence for a relativistically broadened Fe K$_{\alpha}$ line. Through accretion disk reflection modeling, we constrain the radius of the inner disk in 4U 1636-53 to be $R_{in}=1.03\pm0.03$ ISCO (innermost stable circular orbit) assuming a dimensionless spin parameter $a_{*}=cJ/GM^{2}=0.0$, and $R_{in}=1.08\pm0.06$ ISCO for $a_{*}=0.3$ (errors quoted at 1 $\sig…

[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciencesstars: neutronX-rays: binariesSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisicaaccretion0103 physical sciencesaccretion accretion disks stars: neutron X-rays: binaries X-rays: individual: 4U 1636-53 GX 17+2 4U 1705-44010303 astronomy & astrophysicsLine (formation)Spin-½PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Accretion (meteorology)010308 nuclear & particles physicsEquation of state (cosmology)neutron X-rays: binaries X-rays: individual: 4U 1636-53 GX 17+2 4U 1705-44 [accretion accretion disks stars]accretion disksAstronomy and AstrophysicsRadiusNeutron starReflection (mathematics)Space and Planetary Science[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]X-rays: individualDimensionless quantity
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Multidimensionality in host manipulation mimicked by serotonin injection.

2014

Manipulative parasites often alter the phenotype of their hosts along multiple dimensions. ‘Multidimensionality’ in host manipulation could consist in the simultaneous alteration of several physiological pathways independently of one another, or proceed from the disruption of some key physiological parameter, followed by a cascade of effects. We compared multidimensionality in ‘host manipulation’ between two closely related amphipods, Gammarus fossarum and Gammarus pulex, naturally and experimentally infected with Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala), respectively. To that end, we calculated in each host–parasite association the effect size of the difference between infected and uninfect…

[ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyamphipodsZoologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyHost-Parasite InteractionsAcanthocephalaPhototaxis[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisAnimalsAmphipoda[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologymultidimensionalityResearch ArticlesGeneral Environmental ScienceGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyEcologyHost (biology)General Medicinebiology.organism_classificationAttractionPhenotypeSerotonin Receptor AgonistsserotoninGammarus pulexPulexPhenotypeparasite manipulationPomphorhynchus laevisGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesAcanthocephala[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
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Flash microwave synthesis and sintering of nanosized La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.93Ru0.07o3–δ for fuel cell application.

2009

International audience; Perovskite-oxide nanocrystals of La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.93Ru0.07O3–δ with a mean size around 10 nm were prepared by microwave flash synthesis. This reaction was performed in alcoholic solution using metallic salts, sodium ethoxide and microwave autoclave. The obtained powder was characterised after purification by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), BET adsorption technique, photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that integrated perovskite-type phase and uniform particle size were obtained in the microwave treated samples. At last the synthesised powder was directly used in a sin…

[CHIM.INOR] Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistrySolid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)Analytical chemistryNanoparticleSintering02 engineering and technology[CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry010402 general chemistryPerovskite01 natural sciencesAutoclaveInorganic ChemistryAdsorptionMaterials ChemistryChemical synthesisPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryChemistry[ CHIM.INOR ] Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMicrowave heatingCeramics and CompositesNanoparticlesSolid oxide fuel cellParticle size0210 nano-technologyPowder diffractionMicrowave
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Syntheses of TiO2 anatase nanocrystals with controlled size distribution. Influence of the crystallites size on the Raman spectrum and investigation …

2006

The determination of the size and the size distribution of anatase TiO2 nanopowders using Raman spectroscopy is presented. Several synthesis methods (soft chemistry, water-in-oil microemulsion, continuous hydrothermal synthesis) are used in order to control the size (from 3 to 20 nm), shape, phase and size distribution. The shift and width of the anatase Eg peak are often used to obtain the nanoparticles size. Homever, this peak is also sensitive to nonstoichiometry and others parameters. Low-frequency Raman scattering does not suffer from this problem. Size distibutions obtained by Raman spectroscopy and MET micrographs are compared. Finally, in situ Raman spectroscopy is used to study the…

[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryWater adsorptionAnataseSpectroscopie RamanNanoparticulesChimie douceSpectroscopie Raman basses fréquencesContinuous hydrothermal synthesisMonodisperseIn situ Raman spectroscopyPropriétés de surfaceSoft chemistryLow-frequency Raman spectroscopySynthèse hydrothermale en continu[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryRaman spectroscopySurface propertiesNanoparticlesMonodispersityTiO2Adsorption d'eauSpectroscopie Raman in situ
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