Search results for "ASIS"
showing 10 items of 4190 documents
GLP-2 as Beneficial Factor in the Glucose Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High Fat Diet
2015
Glucagon like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a gastrointestinal hormone released in response to dietary nutrients, which acts through a specific receptor, the GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R). The physiological effects of GLP-2 are multiple, involving also the intestinal adaptation to high fat diet (HFD). In consideration of the well-known relationship between chronic HFD and impaired glucose metabolism, in the present study we examined if the blocking of the GLP-2 signaling by chronic treatment with the GLP-2R antagonist, GLP-2 (3-33), leads to functional consequences in the regulation of glucose metabolism in HFD-fed mice. Compared with animals fed standard diet (STD), mice at the 10th week of HFD showed hy…
Acute selective ablation of rat insulin promoter-expressing (RIP HER ) neurons defines their orexigenic nature
2012
Rat insulin promoter (RIP)-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus control body weight and energy homeostasis. However, genetic approaches to study the role of these neurons have been limited by the fact that RIP expression is predominantly found in pancreatic β-cells, which impedes selective targeting of neurons. To define the function of hypothalamic RIP-expressing neurons, we set out to acutely and selectively eliminate them via diphtheria toxin-mediated ablation. Therefore, the diphtheria toxin receptor transgene was specifically expressed upon RIP-specific Cre recombination using a RIP-Cre line first described by Herrera (RIP HER -Cre) [Herrera PL (2000) Development 127:2317–2322]. Usi…
Role of glutathione in Thiobencarb resistance in the European eel Anguilla anguilla.
2000
Glutathione-dependent defense against xenobiotic toxicity is a multifaceted phenomenon that has been well characterized in mammals. In the present study, eels of species Anguilla anguilla were exposed to 15 ppm of the herbicide thiobencarb (S-4-chlorobenzyl diethylthiocarbamate) for 96 h. Eels exposed to the pesticide were grouped in 24-h intervals according to their time of death, while surviving intoxicated eels constituted another group (live animals). Glutathione content (GSx, GSH, GSSG) was determined in liver and muscle tissues of the dead and live (intoxicated) animals and compared to control values (nonexposed eels). The fish that died before 96 h of exposure were considered suscept…
2015
The melanocortin system is one of the most important neuronal pathways involved in the regulation of food intake and is probably the best characterized. Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) expressing neurons located in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus are the key elements of this system. These two neuronal populations are sensitive to circulating molecules and receive many excitatory and inhibitory inputs from various brain areas. According to sensory and metabolic information they integrate, these neurons control different aspects of feeding behavior and orchestrate autonomic responses aimed at maintaining energy homeostasis. Interestingly, composition and a…
Elevated cortisol modulates hsp70 and hsp90 gene expression and protein in sea bass head kidney and isolated leukocytes
2012
In fish, interactions between Hsps and cortisol are involved in stress modulated physiological processes including innate immune responses. Cortisol exerts a role in the regulation of Hsps synthesis. Fish head kidney is a lymphomieloid and endocrine organ releasing cortisol, and it is the central organ for immune-endocrine interactions. In sea bass, cortisol intraperitoneal injection and in vitro treatment of head kidney cells show that inducible Hsp70 and Hsp90 are modulated by this hormone. However, an inverse relationship between mRNA expression (real-time PCR) and Hsp70 and Hsp90 protein levels (densitometric band analysis) was found. Time-course assays indicate a cortisol-mediated regu…
Sialoendoscopy: state of the art, challenges and further perspectives. Round Table, 101st SIO National Congress, Catania 2014
2015
This draft of the Official Round Table held during the 101(st) SIO National Congress is an updated review on sialoendoscopy, a technique used for diagnosis and treatment of obstructive pathologies of salivary glands in a minimally invasive fashion. This review treats many aspects of salivary gland endoscopy, starting from anatomy to deal with the more advanced surgical techniques and analyses the main decisional algorithms proposed in the literature. In addition, particular attention was directed to the current limitations of this technique and to the potential developments that sialoendoscopy could have in the near future.Questo testo è un estratto della Tavola Rotonda Istituzionale tenuta…
Psoriasis y enfermedad arterial coronaria isquémica en la provincia de Castellón. Asociación con factores de riesgo
2015
La psoriasis es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica mediada por el sistema inmune, que afecta a un 2-3% de la población adulta. En su fisiopatología intervienen entre otros, la activación de células presentadoras de antígeno, así como la expansión y activación de linfocitos T helper tipo 1, 17 y 22, que condiciona un aumento de diversas citoquinas como el FNT-α, IFN-γ, Il-17 e Il-22 a nivel cutáneo. Muchas de estas citoquinas inflamatorias, a través del sistema circulatorio, actúan a nivel sistémico induciendo un estado de inflamación crónica. La inflamación crónica Th1 y Th17 condiciona alteraciones metabólicas favorecedoras de la obesidad, diabetes, trombosis y arterioesclerosis. Así pues…
Lexikal transfer från engelska i högstadieelevers och gymnasisters texter samt svensklärares attityder till engelska i det svenska språket
2016
Tutkielman tarkoituksena oli kartoittaa, miten englannin kielen vaikutus näkyy yläasteikäisten ja lukioikäisten kirjoittamissa ruotsinkielisissä teksteissä leksikaalisella tasolla. Lisäksi tutki-muksessa tarkasteltiin ruotsinopettajien asenteita englannin kielen vaikutusta kohtaan ruotsin kielessä. Opettajien asenteita tutkittiin nettikyselyn avulla ja kyselyyn osallistui yhteensä 156 opettajaa. Oppilastekstit valittiin A1- ja A2-tasoilta ja tekstejä oli yhteensä 115. Tutkimustulok-set analysoitiin sekä kvantitatiivisin että kvalitatiivisin menetelmin. Tutkimuksen tulokset osoittavat, että englannin vaikutus näkyy eniten lainasanojen käytössä sekä sanoissa, joissa yhdistyy piirteitä sekä ru…
Rasismi, ennakkoluulot ja näennäinen suvaitsevaisuus opettajankoulutuksessa : pitävätkö opettajaksi opiskelevat itseään tavallista suvaitsevaisempina?
2011
Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin, pitävätkö opettajaksi opiskelevat itseään tavallista suvaitsevaisempina ja pyrkivätkö he kaunistelemaan vähemmistöennakkoluuloja koskevia mielipiteitään antamalla sosiaalisesti suotuisia vastauksia. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa pyrittiin selvittämään, onko suvaitsevaisuus näennäistä, eli ilmeneekö siinä ristiriitaisuuksia. Vastaajien asenteita ja ennakkoluuloja kartoittavat kysymykset koskivat yhteiskuntaa, seksuaalisia vähemmistöjä, ulkomaalaisia ja maahanmuuttajia, ennakkoluulojen luonnetta sekä vastaajien oletuksia muiden mielipiteistä sekä siitä, millaisen kuvan he haluavat antaa itsestään. Tutkimus suoritettiin määrällisenä internetissä vastattavana kyselylomaketut…