Search results for "ATHEROSCLEROSIS"
showing 10 items of 499 documents
LDL peak particle size and the extension of coronary atherosclerosis in 72 patients that underwent an angiographic exam
2004
Analogies between atherosclerosis and age-related maculopathy: expected roles of oxysterols
2006
The pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is not clearly understood. Like other age-related diseases, it is associated with abnormal deposits called drusen. These drusens are localized in Bruch's membrane. Recent investigations have shown a link between drusen formation and inflammatory and immunologic reactions. The involvement of oxidative stress is supported by available data as an important contributing factor in the developement of ARMD. The data regarding the nature and the source of the deposits suggest that ARMD may share similar pathways with atherosclerosis. The role of oxydized products of cholesterol, the oxysterols, in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is we…
Plasma HDL cholesterol and risk of myocardial infarction: a mendelian randomisation study
2012
BACKGROUND: High plasma HDL cholesterol is associated with reduced risk of myocardial infarction, but whether this association is causal is unclear. Exploiting the fact that genotypes are randomly assigned at meiosis, are independent of non-genetic confounding, and are unmodified by disease processes, mendelian randomisation can be used to test the hypothesis that the association of a plasma biomarker with disease is causal. METHODS: We performed two mendelian randomisation analyses. First, we used as an instrument a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the endothelial lipase gene (LIPG Asn396Ser) and tested this SNP in 20 studies (20,913 myocardial infarction cases, 95,407 controls). Se…
A New Look at Novel Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers: The Role of Atherogenic Lipoproteins and Innovative Antidiabetic Therapies.
2022
The presence of residual cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is a current dilemma in clinical practice; indeed, despite optimal management and treatment, a considerable proportion of patients still undergo major CV events. Novel lipoprotein biomarkers are suggested as possible targets for improving the outcomes of patients at higher risk for CVD, and their impact on major CV events and mortality have previously been investigated. Innovative antidiabetic therapies have recently shown a significant reduction in atherogenic lipoproteins, beyond their effects on glucose parameters; it has also been suggested that such anti-atherogenic effect may represent a valuable mechanistic explanation for th…
Hepatitis C virus eradication by direct antiviral agents abates oxidative stress in patients with advanced liver fibrosis
2020
Background and aims: HCV eradication improves non-hepatic outcomes such as cardiovascular diseases, although without clearly defined mechanisms. In this study we aimed to assess whether improvement of carotid atherosclerosis may be linked to a reduction in systemic oxidative stress after viral clearance. Methods: We studied a retrospective cohort of 105 patients (age 62.4 ± 11.2 years; 62 men) with F3/F4 fibrosis, characterized by carotid ultrasonography at baseline and at sustained virologic response (SVR) follow-up. Levels of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (F2-isoprostanes) and other oxidative stress markers were measured on frozen sera. Association between change (denoted as Δ) in oxidative str…
EARLY VASCULAR AGEING IN NORMOTENSIVE SUBJECTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. COMPARISON WITH YOUNG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
2015
Objective: Aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV), is one of the most important markers of vascular aging. It is well known that connective tissue diseases are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, but only a few data are available about aPWV in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this study was to evaluate early vascular aging, assessed by measuring aPWV, in a group of normotensive patients with SLE and to compare these subjects with a group of young essential hypertensive (EH) individuals Design and method: Crosssectional study. We have enrolled 39 normotensive SLE subjects (mean age: 38.7±8.3 years) matched for age with a group of essential hypertensive patient…
Consensus document of an expert group from the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis (SEA) on the clinical use of nuclear magnetic resonance to assess …
2020
The assessment and prevention of cardiovascular risk (CVR) that persists in patients with dyslipidaemia despite treatment and achievement of goals specific to the plasma concentration of cholesterol linked to low density (c-LDL) is a clinical challenge today, and suggests that conventional lipid biomarkers are insufficient for an accurate assessment of CVR. Apart from their lipid content, there are other lipid particle characteristics. The results of this study show that there are a number of lipoprotein compounds that determine atherogenic potential and its influence on the CVR. However, such additional characteristics cannot be analysed by the techniques commonly used in clinical laborato…
The Microbiota Promotes Arterial Thrombosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice
2019
Our results demonstrate a functional role for the commensal microbiota in atherothrombosis. In a ferric chloride injury model of the carotid artery, GF C57BL/6J mice had increased occlusion times compared to colonized controls. Interestingly, in late atherosclerosis, HFD-fed GF Ldlr−/− mice had reduced plaque rupture-induced thrombus growth in the carotid artery and diminished ex vivo thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions.
Anti-cytokine therapy for prevention of atherosclerosis
2015
Abstract Background Currently a chronic inflammation is considered to be the one of the most important reasons of the atherosclerosis progression. A huge amount of researches over the past few decades are devoted to study the various mechanisms of inflammation in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Purpose To review current capabilities of anti-inflammatory therapy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations. Methods Appropriate articles on inflammatory cytokines in atherosclerosis and anti-inflammatory prevention of atherosclerosis were searched in PubMed Database from their respective inceptions until October 2015. Sections “The role of infl…
Elevated levels of 2-arachidonoylglycerol promote atherogenesis in ApoE-/- mice.
2018
Background The endocannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is a known modulator of inflammation and ligand to both, pro-inflammatory cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and anti-inflammatory CB2. While the role of both receptors in atherogenesis has been studied extensively, the significance of 2-AG for atherogenesis is less well characterized. Methods The impact of 2-AG on atherogenesis was studied in two treatment groups of ApoE-/- mice. One group received the monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL)-inhibitor JZL184 [5 mg/kg i.p.], which impairs 2-AG degradation and thus causes elevated 2-AG levels, the other group received vehicle for four weeks. Simultaneously, both groups were fed a high-chole…