Search results for "ATHEROSCLEROSIS"
showing 10 items of 499 documents
Cardiovascular diseases and HCV infection: a simple association or more?
2013
HCV infection, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular alterations, considered alone or in combination, are common conditions in a large proportion of the general population. Consequently, determining whether the association of HCV infection with cardiometabolic disorders is simply coincidental or, conversely, caused by pathogenetic mechanisms (in)directly linking chronic HCV infection to these disorders, would be of extreme relevance. Several clinical studies have shown that metabolic disorders—namely, type 2 diabetes,1 insulin resistance (IR)2 and hepatic steatosis3—are highly prevalent in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) compared with non-infected patients. Experimental and clinica…
Glucose lowering and anti-atherogenic effects of incretin-based therapies: GLP-1 analogues and DPP-4-inhibitors
2009
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic, progressive disease with a multi-faceted pathophysiology. Beyond the known defects of insulin resistance and beta-cell insufficiency, derangement of incretin hormones normally produced from the gut wall in response to food intake play an important role. In recent years, the 'incretin-based' therapies (IBTs) have been developed to address hyperglycemia through either mimicking the action of the endogenous incretin glucagon-like polypeptide (GLP-1) (GLP-1 receptor agonists) or by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme that degrades GLP-1 (the dipeptyl peptidase-4 inhibitors).We reviewed available evidence on the glucose lowering and anti-atherogenic effects of IBT…
Sildenafil inhibits the proliferation of cultured human endothelial cells.
2013
The proliferation of endothelial cells plays a crucial role in the development of intraplaque angiogenesis (IPA). IPA is a major source of intraplaque hemorrhage and therefore contributes to the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine, whether sildenafil inhibits endothelial cell growth. The proliferation of human endothelial cells derived from umbilical cord veins (HUVEC) was examined on DNA level by measurements of (3H)-thymidine incorporation. Cell viability was analyzed using trypan blue staining. The proliferation of cultured human endothelial cells was significantly decreased by 1 μmol/l (-48.4%) and 10 μmol/l (-89.6%) sildena…
Estrogen Receptor and Vascular Aging.
2021
Cardiovascular diseases remain an age-related pathology in both men and women. These pathologies are 3-fold more frequent in men than in women before menopause, although this difference progressively decreases after menopause. The vasculoprotective role of estrogens are well established before menopause, but the consequences of their abrupt decline on the cardiovascular risk at menopause remain debated. In this review, we will attempt to summarize the main clinical and experimental studies reporting the protective effects of estrogens against cardiovascular diseases, with a particular focus on atherosclerosis, and the impact of aging and estrogen deprivation on their endothelial actions. Th…
La periodontitis como factor de riesgo en los pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica
2004
La patología cardiovascular y en especial la cardiopatía isquémica (CI) se encuentran entre las principales causas de muerte en el mundo occidental. Recientemente se ha incrementado el interés en investigar la relación entre la cardiopatía isquémica y diversas patologías infecciosas como desencadenantes de la misma, como se ha observado con la Clamydia pneumoniae y el Helicobacter pylori. La periodontitis también se ha relacionado con el incremento de riesgo de aparición de enfermedad coronaria, debido a que ambas patologías presentan algunas características comunes como la edad, el sexo y el hábito tabáquico entre otras. Existen muchas similitudes entre la patología vascular inducida por b…
Chemokine axes and inflammatory status in Metabolic Syndrome. Effect of PCSK9 inhibitors in the systemic inflammation associated to Familial Hypercho…
2019
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a metabolic disorder characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors and its prevalence remains increasing in Western world. It is associated to low-grade systemic inflammation, a key driver of premature atherosclerosis and the major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Given that CXCL16/CXCR6, CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and CCL2/CCR2 axes have been implicated in the development of CVD, we investigated the role of these axes in leukocyte adhesion to the dysfunctional arterial endothelium in a MS model. We also performed a comprehensive analysis of different cellular and soluble immune players in patients with MS. When compared with the controls, MS patients present…
Membrane fluidity and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration of the circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes in diabetes mellitus
2014
Separating the Mechanism-Based and Off-Target Actions of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors With CETP Gene Polymorphisms
2010
Background— Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors raise high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, but torcetrapib, the first-in-class inhibitor tested in a large outcome trial, caused an unexpected blood pressure elevation and increased cardiovascular events. Whether the hypertensive effect resulted from CETP inhibition or an off-target action of torcetrapib has been debated. We hypothesized that common single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the CETP gene could help distinguish mechanism-based from off-target actions of CETP inhibitors to inform on the validity of CETP as a therapeutic target. Methods and Results— We compared the effect of CETP single-nucleotide polymorphisms …
Genome-Wide Inhibition of Pro-atherogenic Gene Expression by Multi-STAT Targeting Compounds as a Novel Treatment Strategy of CVDs.
2018
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis, are globally the leading cause of death. Key factors contributing to onset and progression of atherosclerosis include the pro-inflammatory cytokines Interferon (IFN)a and IFN? and the Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Together, they trigger activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)s. Searches for compounds targeting the pTyr-SH2 interaction area of STAT3, yielded many small molecules, including STATTIC and STX-0119. However, many of these inhibitors do not seem STAT3-specific. We hypothesized that multi-STAT-inhibitors that simultaneously block STAT1, STAT2, and STAT3 activit…