Search results for "AUROC"
showing 10 items of 33 documents
Targeted profiling of circulating and hepatic bile acids in human, mouse, and rat using a UPLC-MRM-MS-validated method
2012
Bile acids (BAs) are a group of chemically related steroids recognized as regulatory molecules whose profiles can change in different physio-pathological situations. We have developed a sensitive, fast, and reproducible ultraperformance liquid chromatography/multiple reaction monitoring/mass spectrometry method to determine the tissue and sera BA profiles in different species (human, rat, and mouse) by quantifying 31 major and minor BA species in a single 21-min run. The method has been validated according to FDA guidelines, and it generally provides good results in terms of intra- and interday precision (less than 8.6% and 16.0%, respectively), accuracy (relative error measurement between …
Pancreatic ascites hemoglobin contributes to the systemic response in acute pancreatitis.
2015
Upon hemolysis extracellular hemoglobin causes oxidative stress and cytotoxicity due to its peroxidase activity. Extracellular hemoglobin may release free hemin, which increases vascular permeability, leukocyte recruitment, and adhesion molecule expression. Pancreatitis-associated ascitic fluid is reddish and may contain extracellular hemoglobin. Our aim has been to determine the role of extracellular hemoglobin in the local and systemic inflammatory response during severe acute pancreatitis in rats. To this end we studied taurocholate-induced necrotizing pancreatitis in rats. First, extracellular hemoglobin in ascites and plasma was quantified and the hemolytic action of ascitic fluid was …
Early history of European domestic cattle as revealed by ancient DNA
2006
We present an extensive ancient DNA analysis of mainly Neolithic cattle bones sampled from archaeological sites along the route of Neolithic expansion, from Turkey to North-Central Europe and Britain. We place this first reasonable population sample of Neolithic cattle mitochondrial DNA sequence diversity in context to illustrate the continuity of haplotype variation patterns from the first European domestic cattle to the present. Interestingly, the dominant Central European pattern, a starburst phylogeny around the modal sequence, T3, has a Neolithic origin, and the reduced diversity within this cluster in the ancient samples accords with their shorter history of post-domestic accumulation…
Determining a healthy reference range and factors potentially influencing PRO-C3 – A biomarker of liver fibrosis
2021
Background & Aims Progressive fibrosis has been identified as the major predictor of mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Several biomarkers are currently being evaluated for their ability to substitute the liver biopsy as the reference standard. Recent clinical studies in NAFLD/NASH patients support the utility of PRO-C3, a marker of type III collagen formation, as a marker for the degree of fibrosis, disease activity, and effect of treatment. Here we establish the healthy reference range, optimal sample handling conditions for both short- and long-term serum storage, and robustness for the PRO-C3 assay. Methods PRO-C3 was measured in 269 healthy volunteers…
MANAGEMENT OF SEMI-WILD LARGE HERBIVORES’ GRAZING SITES IN LATVIA
2019
Large herbivores were a common part of European nature in the pre-agrarian times. With the development of farming and over-hunting, the number of wild large herbivores rapidly decreased. Wild horses and cattle became extinct. In the 1920-30’s, scientists created two new herbivore breeds that resembled the extinct aurochs and tarpans - Heck cattle and Konik horses. Nowadays the introduction of Heck cattle, Konik horses and other similar large herbivore breeds is widely used in specially protected nature territories (SPNT) as a strategic answer to the question – what should we do with the agricultural lands that have lost their economical meaning. Since 1999, semi-wild large herbivores are in…
Mechanisms of gastroprotection by transdermal nitroglycerin in the rat
1999
Nitric oxide (NO) donors prevent experimentally-induced gastric mucosal damage, but their clinical utility is limited by short duration of action or unsuitability of the pharmaceutical form employed. This study analyses the gastroprotection elicited by a clinically used mode of continuous administration of an NO donor, namely the nitroglycerin patch. Application to rats of a transdermal patch that releases doses of nitroglycerin comparable to those used in man (40, 80, 160 and 400 ng min(-1) rat(-1)) reduced gastric damage induced by indomethacin (25 mg kg(-1), p.o. or s.c.). The nitroglycerin patch (160 ng min(-1) rat(-1)) also diminished damage by oral administration (1 ml) of acidified b…
Increased serum miR-193a-5p during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression: Diagnostic and mechanistic relevance
2022
Background & Aims Serum microRNA (miRNA) levels are known to change in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and may serve as useful biomarkers. This study aimed to profile miRNAs comprehensively at all NAFLD stages. Methods We profiled 2,083 serum miRNAs in a discovery cohort (183 cases with NAFLD representing the complete NAFLD spectrum and 10 population controls). miRNA libraries generated by HTG EdgeSeq were sequenced by Illumina NextSeq. Selected serum miRNAs were profiled in 372 additional cases with NAFLD and 15 population controls by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Results Levels of 275 miRNAs differed between cases and population controls. Fewer differences were seen wi…
Experimental Studies on the Influence of Surfactants on Intestinal Absorption of Drugs Cefadroxil as model drug and sodium taurocholate as natural mo…
2011
The influence of the natural bile acid surfactant sodium taurocholate (CAS 81-24-3) on colic and duodenal (i.e. the proximal third of the small intestine) absorption of cefadroxil (CAS 50370-12-2) was studied using the in situ rat gut technique, and compared with the effect of sodium lauryl sulfate (CAS 151-21-3), the most widely used synthetic anionic surfactant. Previously, the stability, compatibility, and micelle-solubilization characteristics of taurocholate were assessed in order to correct, when necessary, the absorption results. White the passive absorption rate constants (kf, h-1) determined in colon in the presence of increasing lauryl sulfate concentrations showed an asymptotic v…
Epigenetic Regulation of Early- and Late-Response Genes in Acute Pancreatitis
2015
Abstract Chromatin remodeling seems to regulate the patterns of proinflammatory genes. Our aim was to provide new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms that control transcriptional activation of early- and late-response genes in initiation and development of severe acute pancreatitis as a model of acute inflammation. Chromatin changes were studied by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis, nucleosome positioning, and determination of histone modifications in promoters of proinflammatory genes in vivo in the course of taurocholate-induced necrotizing pancreatitis in rats and in vitro in rat pancreatic AR42J acinar cells stimulated with taurocholate or TNF-α. Here we show that the upregulat…
Methods for diagnosing bile acid malabsorption: a systematic review
2019
Abstract Background Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) and bile acid-related diarrhea represent an under-recognized cause of chronic diarrhea mainly because of limited guidance on appropriate diagnostic and laboratory tests. We aimed to perform a systematic review of the literature in order to identify and compare the diagnostic accuracy of different diagnostic methods for patients with BAM, despite a proven gold standard test is still lacking. Methods A PubMed literature review and a manual search were carried out. Relevant full papers, evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of different methods for BAM, were assessed. Available data were analyzed to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of each…