Search results for "Absolute"
showing 10 items of 518 documents
Lipoxygenase-derived arachidonic acid metabolites in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
2011
Background and Objective. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a persistence of inflammation in large and small airways. We hypothesized that this could be caused by the inability of an inflammatory process to resolve. In the resolution of inflammation, a switching of arachidonic acid metabolism from the production of proinflammatory leukotriene B4 (LtB4) to the synthesis of anti-inflammatory lipoxins plays an important role. The aim of our study was to determine the content of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and LtB4 in induced sputum of patients with exacerbated COPD and to compare it to healthy controls, as well as to analyze the relationship between proinflammatory and ant…
Lipid profile, cardiovascular disease and mortality in a Mediterranean high-risk population: The ESCARVAL-RISK study
2017
Introduction The potential impact of targeting different components of an adverse lipid profile in populations with multiple cardiovascular risk factors is not completely clear. This study aims to assess the association between different components of the standard lipid profile with allcause mortality and hospitalization due to cardiovascular events in a high-risk population. Methods This prospective registry included high risk adults over 30 years old free of cardiovascular disease (2008-2012). Diagnosis of hypertension, dyslipidemia or diabetes mellitus was inclusion criterion. Lipid biomarkers were evaluated. Primary endpoints were all-cause mortality and hospital admission due to corona…
Absolute Memory for Tempo in Musicians and Non-Musicians
2016
The ability to remember tempo (the perceived frequency of musical pulse) without external references may be defined, by analogy with the notion of absolute pitch, as absolute tempo (AT). Anecdotal reports and sparse empirical evidence suggest that at least some individuals possess AT. However, to our knowledge, no systematic assessments of AT have been performed using laboratory tasks comparable to those assessing absolute pitch. In the present study, we operationalize AT as the ability to identify and reproduce tempo in the absence of rhythmic or melodic frames of reference and assess these abilities in musically trained and untrained participants. We asked 15 musicians and 15 non-musician…
Development of a Risk Score for Atrial Fibrillation in the Community; The Framingham Heart Study
2009
Atrial fibrillation contributes to substantial increases in morbidity and mortality. We aimed to develop a risk score to predict individuals' absolute risk of developing the condition, and to provide a framework for researchers to assess new risk markers.We assessed 4764 participants in the Framingham Heart Study from 8044 examinations (55% women, 45-95 years of age) undertaken between June, 1968, and September, 1987. Thereafter, participants were monitored for the first event of atrial fibrillation for a maximum of 10 years. Multivariable Cox regression identified clinical risk factors associated with development of atrial fibrillation in 10 years. Secondary analyses incorporated routine e…
Sex-specific differences in the presentation, clinical course, and quality of life of patients with acute venous thromboembolism according to baselin…
2021
Abstract Introduction Sex and the presence of specific provoking risk factors, along with age, influence the presentation and prognosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We investigated the presentation, course and quality of life in women and men with acute VTE classified according to their VTE provoking factors. Methods PREFER in VTE is an international, non-interventional registry of patients with a first episode of acute symptomatic VTE. Baseline provoking factors were classified as follows: major transient, minor transient, active cancer, and none identifiable. The primary outcome was recurrent VTE. Quality of life and treatment satisfaction were secondary outcomes. Results Of 3,455 pat…
Gentamicin increases nitric oxide production and induces hearing loss in guinea pigs.
2008
Objectives/Hypothesis: Gentamicin application is an important therapeutic option for Meniere's disease. However, even if given at intervals, a destruction of the cochlea was often observed in various animal models together with an increased content of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species. The present study was undertaken to identify the correlation between hearing threshold alteration and the NO production in the lateral wall and organ of Corti of the guinea pig in response to gentamicin application. Study Design: Prospective animal study in guinea pigs. Methods: A single dose of gentamicin (10 mg/kg body weight) was injected intratympanally into male guinea pigs and the auditory b…
Stroke in diabetic patients.
2011
Stroke is the leading cause of disability and the second most frequent cause of death worldwide. On the one hand, diabetic patients have a 1.5 to 3-times higher risk of stroke, especially cerebral infarction, than non-diabetic subjects. This excess risk, which is particularly pronounced in younger individuals and women, can be reduced by effective therapeutic strategies aimed at improving glycaemic control and the management of co-morbid conditions such as hypertension and dyslipidaemia. On the other hand, the prevalence of diabetes in stroke patients is between 10 and 20%, and has been increasing over the last 20 years, probably in response to rising rates of overweight and obesity in the …
Prelingual sensorineural hearing loss and infants at risk: Western Sicily report.
2013
Objective: To evaluate independent etiologic factor associated with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in newborn at risk; to study the role of their interaction especially in NICU infants who present often multiple risk factors for SNHL. Methods: The main risk factors for SNHL reported by JCIH 2007 were evaluated on 508 infant at risk ranging from 4 to 20 weeks of life, transferred to the Audiology Department of Palermo from the main births centers of Western Sicily. After a global audiological assessment, performed with TEOAE, tympanometry and ABR, the prevalence and the effect of risk factors was statistically studied through univariate and multivariate analysis on the total population (n…
Effect of Multizone Refractive Multifocal Contact Lenses on Standard Automated Perimetry
2012
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the creation of 2 foci (distance and near) provided by multizone refractive multifocal contact lenses (CLs) for presbyopia correction affects the measurements on Humphreys 24-2 Swedish interactive threshold algorithm (SITA) standard automated perimetry (SAP). METHODS In this crossover study, 30 subjects were fitted in random order with either a multifocal CL or a monofocal CL. After 1 month, a Humphrey 24-2 SITA standard strategy was performed. The visual field global indices (the mean deviation [MD] and pattern standard deviation [PSD]), reliability indices, test duration, and number of depressed points deviating at P<5%, P<2%, P<1%, an…
Elevated plasma level of visfatin/pre-b cell colony-enhancing factor in male oral squamous cell carcinoma patients
2012
Objectives: Visfatin, also known as nicotiamide phosphoribosyltransferase or pre-B cell colony enhancing factor, is a pro-inflammatory cytokine whose serum level is increased in various cancers. In this study, we investigated whether plasma visfatin levels were altered in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The relation ship between plasma visfatin levels and the pretreatment hematologic profile was also explored. Study Design: Plasma visfatin concentrations were measured through ELISA in OSCC patients and control sub- D esign: Plasma visfatin concentrations were measured through ELISA in OSCC patients and control sub- esign: Plasma visfatin concentrations were measured throu…