Search results for "Absorption"

showing 10 items of 2701 documents

Bis-, Tris-, and Tetrakis(squaraines) Linked by Stilbenoid Scaffolds

2001

The oligosquaraines 1−5, with stilbenoid scaffolds, were prepared by multistep syntheses in which the final steps consisted of condensation reactions between the semisquaric acid 21 and multiple resorcinols 12b−15b and 17b. The target compounds exhibit intense (ϵ > 250000 L·mol−1·cm−1) and sharp absorption bands with maxima between 687 to 778 nm, depending on the conjugation in the stilbenoid scaffold. Comparison with the monosquaraine 6 as a model compound reveals intramolecular interactions between different donor−acceptor−donor moieties, which give rise to increased absorption intensities.

Trischemistry.chemical_compoundUltraviolet visible spectroscopychemistryIntramolecular forceOrganic ChemistryPolymer chemistryResorcinolPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)StilbenoidCondensation reactionPhotochemistryEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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ChemInform Abstract: Bis-, Tris-, and Tetrakis(squaraines) Linked by Stilbenoid Scaffolds.

2010

The oligosquaraines 1−5, with stilbenoid scaffolds, were prepared by multistep syntheses in which the final steps consisted of condensation reactions between the semisquaric acid 21 and multiple resorcinols 12b−15b and 17b. The target compounds exhibit intense (ϵ > 250000 L·mol−1·cm−1) and sharp absorption bands with maxima between 687 to 778 nm, depending on the conjugation in the stilbenoid scaffold. Comparison with the monosquaraine 6 as a model compound reveals intramolecular interactions between different donor−acceptor−donor moieties, which give rise to increased absorption intensities.

Trischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryIntramolecular forceGeneral MedicineResorcinolAbsorption (chemistry)StilbenoidCondensation reactionPhotochemistryChemInform
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Design of a new high energy rear underrun protective device

2008

In recent years the vehicle design field has followed a progressive evolution by focusing its main interest on passive and active safety levels. One of the most injurious cases for the safety of passengers is the crash between a car and a heavy vehicle (truck). Generally, in fact, when such an occurrence happens, the greatest damage is suffered by the passengers of the car. This is because of the considerable structural difference between the two vehicles and the lack of devices to reduce the injuries of the car passengers. In this work, as a consequence of the previous considerations, we deal with the design of a new protective system for heavy vehicles over 3.5 tons. The new rear underrun…

TruckHigh energyEnergy absorptionComputer scienceWork (physics)Active safetyCrashStructural differenceAutomotive engineeringProtective systemWIT Transactions on The Built Environment
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Frequency-modulation spectroscopy with blue diode lasers

2000

Frequency-modulation spectroscopy provides ultrasensitive absorption measurements. The technique is especially adaptable to diode lasers, which can be modulated easily, and has been used extensively in the near-infrared and infrared spectral regions. The availability of blue diode lasers now means that the accessible wavelength region can be increased. We successfully demonstrate wavelength-modulation spectroscopy and two-tone frequency-modulation spectroscopy for the weak second resonance line of potassium at 404.8 nm and for the transition at 405.8 nm in lead, starting from the thermally populated 6p(2) P-3(2) metastable level, information on the modulation parameters is obtained with a f…

Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopyMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyInfraredbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Atom and Molecular Physics and OpticsInfrared spectroscopyLaserIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionOpticslawOptoelectronicsBusiness and International ManagementTime-resolved spectroscopyLaser-induced fluorescencebusinessSpectroscopy
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Subpicosecond Laser Spectroscopy of Blue-Light-Induced Absorption in KNbO3 and LiNbO3

2000

Pulses of 427-nm light from am amplified Ti:sapphire frequency-doubled laser are absorbed in two-photon band-gap excitations of KNbO3 and LiNbO3. Induced absorption spectra measured in the visible and recently extended in the infrared have been recorded as a function of delay from 0 to 250 ps after two-photon blue excitation. Samples include stoichiometric as well as congruent LiNbO3. Comparison is made to transient absorption in the nanosecond and longer time range induced by electron pulses of~10 ns width and 270 keV energy. Parts of the absorption can be attributed to bound and free polarons, including the intrinsic electron polaron.

Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopyMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopylawInfraredUltrafast laser spectroscopyNanosecondAtomic physicsSpectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Laserlaw.invention
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Violet Diode Laser in Time-Resolved Stored-Ion Spectroscopy

2004

Lifetime measurements of the metastable 3d D-2(3/2) level in singly charged calcium were performed using the newly developed violet diode laser operated in an external cavity arrangement. The laser was employed on stored ions at the CRYRING facility to optically pump the resonance line at 397 nm. In combination with laser probing at 866 nm this detection scheme gave the possibility to record the lifetime of this level. which has a radiative lifetime of about 1 s.

Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopyMaterials sciencebusiness.industryCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonlaw.inventionX-ray laserlawMetastabilityRadiative transferOptoelectronicsbusinessSpectroscopyMathematical PhysicsDiodePhysica Scripta
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UV photoexcitation of a dissolved metalloid Ge9 cluster compound and its extensive ultrafast response.

2015

Femtosecond pump-probe absorption spectroscopy in tetrahydrofuran solution has been used to investigate the dynamics of a metalloid cluster compound {Ge9[Si(SiMe3)3]3}(-). Upon UV photoexcitation, the transients in the near-infrared spectral region showed signatures reminiscent of excess electrons in THF (bound or quasi-free) whereas in the visible part excited state dynamics of the cluster complex dominates.

UV photoexcitationgermanium clustersAbsorption spectroscopyMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryElectronPhotochemistryCatalysisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhotoexcitationchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryExcited stateFemtosecondMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesCluster (physics)Metalloidta116TetrahydrofuranChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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Analytical methodologies for atomic spectrometric determination of metallic oxides in UV sunscreen creams.

2000

In this study, methodologies for determining titanium oxide, zinc oxide and iron oxide are proposed and assayed in commercial sunscreen products. The proposed methodology for TiO2, determination in sunscreens is based on a microwave-assisted treatment for digesting the organic components in a closed teflon reactor in presence of HNO3 and HCl. Titanium is determined by inductive coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The proposed methodologies for measuring ZnO and Fe2O3 are based on a sample emulsification in water with a non ionic tensioactive and IBMK, followed by Zn and Fe determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The methodologies allow a precise and accurat…

Ultraviolet RaysClinical BiochemistryInorganic chemistryIron oxidePharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementZincFerric CompoundsSensitivity and SpecificityAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawSpectrophotometryDrug DiscoverymedicineSpectroscopyTitaniummedicine.diagnostic_testChemistrySpectrophotometry AtomicTitanium oxideInductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopyInductively coupled plasmaZinc OxideAtomic absorption spectroscopySunscreening AgentsTitaniumJournal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
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Absorption of oxybutynin from vaginal inserts: drug blood levels and the response of the rabbit bladder.

2000

Abstract Objectives. Oxybutynin has been used for treatment of urge urinary incontinence for more than 20 years. However, one of the major problems with its use is uncomfortable anticholinergic side effects that can lead to discontinuation of treatment. Alternative forms of drug administration may reduce side effects and thus improve patient compliance. Methods. A cylinder-shaped, curved silicone elastomer insert containing oxybutynin was anchored in the vagina of female rabbits. The inserts were designed to release oxybutynin at rates of 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/day, respectively. Blood drug and metabolite levels were monitored for 1 to 7 days and cystometry was carried out after 7 days of tre…

Urologymedia_common.quotation_subjectUrinary Bladdermedicine.disease_causeUrinationAbsorptionBlood drugMedicineAnimalsOxybutyninActive metabolitemedia_commonUrinary bladdermedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCystometryParasympatholyticsAdministration Intravaginalmedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaDelayed-Action PreparationsVaginaVaginaSilicone ElastomersMandelic AcidsFemaleRabbitsIrritationbusinessmedicine.drugComplianceUrology
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A theoretical study of the rotational structure of the ϵ(0,0) band of NO

2009

This study has been focused on the ϵ(0,0) band of the nitric oxide molecule, associated with the absorption electronic transition D2Σ+X 2Π, in the energetic vacuum ultraviolet region. A temperature of 295 K has been considered. The Molecular Quantum Defect Orbital (MQDO) methodology, with which reliable spectroscopic data have been reached in the γ(0,0), δ(0,0), and δ(1,0) bands of the same molecule, has also been used for these calculations. We hope that the present results might be of straightforward use in atmospheric and interstellar chemistry. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010

Vacuum ultravioletQuantum defectChemistryStructure (category theory)MoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsAbsorption (chemistry)Condensed Matter PhysicsQuantumAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMolecular electronic transitionInternational Journal of Quantum Chemistry
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