Search results for "Activation"

showing 10 items of 2079 documents

Reversible O–H bond activation by an intramolecular frustrated Lewis pair

2019

The interactions of the O-H bonds in alcohols, water and phenol with dimethylxanthene-derived frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) have been probed. Within the constraints of this backbone framework, the preference for adduct formation or O-H bond cleavage to give the corresponding zwitterion is largely determined by pKa considerations. In the case of the PPh2/B(C6F5)2 system and p-tBuC6H4OH, an equilibrium is established between the two isomeric forms which allows the thermodynamic parameters associated with zwitterion formation via O-H bond cleavage to be probed.

010405 organic chemistryHydrogen bondintramolecular frustrated Lewis pair010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesFrustrated Lewis pair0104 chemical sciencesAdductInorganic Chemistrykemialliset sidoksetCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryreversible O-H bond activationZwitterionIntramolecular forceta116Bond cleavageDalton Transactions
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Reactions in the presence of irradiated semiconductors: Are they simply photocatalytic?

2018

A generally accepted classification distinguishes semiconductor photocatalysis in type A and type B. The first class comprehends reactions where the primary redox products (radical anions and cations) further evolve giving rise to the final reduced and oxidized species. Type B reactions occur when the primary redox products undergo intermolecular bond formation to addition products. Recently, some photocatalytic reactions have been reported wherein the photocatalytically produced compounds are not the final products. In fact, they react in the solution bulk or catalytically on the surface of the semiconductor with other species thus producing the target compounds. These reactions, hereby re…

010405 organic chemistrybusiness.industryChemistryC-H activation of alkaneOrganic ChemistryPrimary redox product010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesIrradiated semiconductor0104 chemical sciencesSemiconductorPhotocatalysisC-O bond formationIrradiationSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologiebusinessC-N couplingSemiconductor photocatalysi
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Transcriptomic responses to biotic stresses in Malus x domestica: a meta-analysis study.

2017

AbstractRNA-Seq analysis is a strong tool to gain insight into the molecular responses to biotic stresses in plants. The objective of this work is to identify specific and common molecular responses between different transcriptomic data related to fungi, virus and bacteria attacks in Malus x domestica. We analyzed seven transcriptomic datasets in Malus x domestica divided in responses to fungal pathogens, virus (Apple Stem Grooving Virus) and bacteria (Erwinia amylovora). Data were dissected using an integrated approach of pathway- and gene- set enrichment analysis, Mapman visualization tool, gene ontology analysis and inferred protein-protein interaction network. Our meta-analysis revealed…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineMalusKnowledge BasesArabidopsislcsh:MedicineSecondary MetabolismErwiniaGenes Plant01 natural sciencesArticleTranscriptome03 medical and health sciencesPlant Growth RegulatorsGene Expression Regulation PlantStress PhysiologicalSettore AGR/07 - Genetica AgrariaProtein Interaction Mapslcsh:ScienceSecondary metabolismGeneCrosses GeneticPlant ProteinsGeneticsMultidisciplinarybiologyGene Expression Profilinglcsh:RfungiMalus transcriptomic biotic stressfood and beveragesBiotic stressbiology.organism_classificationSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeGene expression profiling030104 developmental biologyGene OntologyMalustranscriptomic responses biotic stress meta-analysis RNA-seq plantsInactivation Metaboliclcsh:QTranscriptomeApple stem grooving virus010606 plant biology & botanyTranscription FactorsScientific reports
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An Arabidopsis Mutant Over-Expressing Subtilase SBT4.13 Uncovers the Role of Oxidative Stress in the Inhibition of Growth by Intracellular Acidificat…

2020

Intracellular acid stress inhibits plant growth by unknown mechanisms and it occurs in acidic soils and as consequence of other stresses. In order to identify mechanisms of acid toxicity, we screened activation-tagging lines of Arabidopsis thaliana for tolerance to intracellular acidification induced by organic acids. A dominant mutant, sbt4.13-1D, was isolated twice and shown to over-express subtilase SBT4.13, a protease secreted into endoplasmic reticulum. Activity measurements and immuno-detection indicate that the mutant contains less plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PMA) than wild type, explaining the small size, electrical depolarization and decreased cytosolic pH of the mutant but not orga…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineMutantmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesCatalysisInorganic Chemistrylcsh:ChemistryH<sup>+</sup>-ATPase03 medical and health sciencesorganic acidsmedicinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5Spectroscopychemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesNADPH oxidasebiologyNADPH oxidaseEndoplasmic reticulumOrganic ChemistryWild typeROSGeneral MedicineComputer Science ApplicationsCell biology030104 developmental biologychemistrylcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999biology.proteinactivation-taggingIntracellularOxidative stress010606 plant biology & botanyOrganic acidInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Activation of the plant plasma membrane H+ -ATPase. Is there a direct interaction between lysophosphatidylcholine and the C-terminal part of the enzy…

1996

The antagonistic effects of the fungal toxin beticolin-1 and of L-alpha-lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) were investigated on the plasma membrane H+-ATPase of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana (isoform 2) expressed in yeast, using both wild-type enzyme (AHA2) and C-terminal truncated enzyme (aha2delta92). Phosphohydrolytic activities of both enzymes were inhibited by beticolin-1, with very similar 50% inhibitory concentrations, indicating that the toxin action does not involve the C-terminal located autoinhibitory domain of the proton pump. Egg lysoPC, a compound that activates the H+-ATPase by a mechanism involving the C-terminal part of the protein, was found to be able to reverse the inhibi…

0106 biological sciencesATPaseArabidopsismedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundStructural BiologyArabidopsis thalianaComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSchemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesbiologyPlantsRecombinant ProteinsIsoenzymesBeticolinProton-Translocating ATPasesLysophosphatidylcholineMembraneBiochemistryPlasma membrane H+-ATPase activationGene isoformAutoinhibitory domainDetergentsBiophysicsSaccharomyces cerevisiae[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologyHeterocyclic Compounds 4 or More RingsStructure-Activity Relationship03 medical and health sciencesGeneticsmedicine[SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologyMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyBinding SitesToxinCell MembraneLysophosphatidylcholinesCell BiologyMycotoxinsbiology.organism_classificationYeastEnzyme Activationl-α-LysophosphatidylcholineEnzymechemistryLiposomesbiology.protein010606 plant biology & botany
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Carbamazepine, cadmium chloride and polybrominated diphenyl ether-47, synergistically modulate the expression of antioxidants and cell cycle biomarke…

2019

Abstract A wide range of contaminants, industrial by-products, plastics, and pharmaceutics belonging to various categories, have been found in sea water. Although these compounds are detected at concentrations that might be considered as sub-lethal, under certain conditions they could act synergistically producing unexpected effects in term of toxicity or perturbation of biochemical markers leading to standard pathway. In this study, the Sparus aurata fibroblast cell line SAF-1, was exposed to increasing concentrations of carbamazepine (CBZ), polybrominated diphenyl ether 47 (BDE-47) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) until 72 h, to evaluate the cytotoxicity and the expression of genes related to…

0106 biological sciencesAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentAquatic ScienceCadmium chlorideOceanographymedicine.disease_cause010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesCell LinePolybrominated diphenyl-etherchemistry.chemical_compoundCadmium ChlorideSettore AGR/20 - ZoocoltureSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaHalogenated Diphenyl EthersmedicineAnimalsoxidative stressSparus aurata fibroblastSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaCytotoxicity010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyCell CycleDiphenyl etherbiomarkersBiomarkerGeneral MedicineCell cycleCadmium chloridePollutionEnzyme ActivationOxidative StressCarbamazepineGene Expression RegulationchemistryBiochemistry:5 - Ciencias puras y naturales::57 - Biología::576 - Biología celular y subcelular. Citología [CDU]Cell culturecarbamazepineToxicityOxidative streEnergy MetabolismOxidoreductasespolybrominated diphenyl-etherBiomarkersWater Pollutants ChemicalOxidative stressMarine Environmental Research
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Fermentation at non-conventional conditions in food- and bio-sciences by the application of advanced processing technologies

2017

The interest in improving the yield and productivity values of relevant microbial fermentations is an increasingly important issue for the scientific community. Therefore, several strategies have been tested for the stimulation of microbial growth and manipulation of their metabolic behavior. One promising approach involves the performance of fermentative processes during non-conventional conditions, which includes high pressure (HP), electric fields (EF) and ultrasound (US). These advanced technologies are usually applied for microbial inactivation in the context of food processing. However, the approach described in this study focuses on the use of these technologies at sub-lethal levels,…

0106 biological sciencesComputer scienceFood HandlingContext (language use)Bacterial Physiological Phenomena01 natural sciencesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyFight-or-flight response0404 agricultural biotechnologyElectricity010608 biotechnologyPressure[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringMetabolic StressBacteriabusiness.industry[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental EngineeringTemperature04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Medicine040401 food scienceMicrobial inactivationBiotechnologyHigh pressureFermentationFood processingFermentationStress conditionsBiochemical engineeringbusinessBiotechnology
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Artificial germination activation of Dialium corbisieri by imitation of ecological process.

2013

11 pages; International audience; Species of the gender Dialium commonly are trees found in Central African rainforests. They produce tasty sugary fruits, feeding numerous frugivores, but are, despite their valuable nutritional value, rarely exploited by humans. A potential reason for this could be the complexity of symbiotic dependence between trees and pollinators, germination activators, and dispersers causing problems in ancestral and contemporary domestication. We investigated Dialium corbisieri reproduction in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bandundu Province. Here we give a key for an artificial activation of germination of these trees ecologically adapted to the digestive syst…

0106 biological sciencesGeography Planning and DevelopmentForest managementRainforestManagement Monitoring Policy and Law010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciences[ SDV.SA.SF ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture forestryDialium corbisieridomesticationFrugivoregermination activation[SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture forestryPollinatorDialiumBotany[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisDomestication2. Zero hunger[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologybiologyRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentEcologyAfrican velvet tamarindSeed dormancyseed dormancyForestry15. Life on landbiology.organism_classificationendozoochoryGerminationseed pretreatment[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology010606 plant biology & botanyFood Science[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
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Acting locally - affecting globally: RNA sequencing of gilthead sea bream with a mild Sparicotyle chrysophrii infection reveals effects on apoptosis,…

2019

[Background] Monogenean flatworms are the main fish ectoparasites inflicting serious economic losses in aquaculture. The polyopisthocotylean Sparicotyle chrysophrii parasitizes the gills of gilthead sea bream (GSB, Sparus aurata) causing anaemia, lamellae fusion and sloughing of epithelial cells, with the consequent hypoxia, emaciation, lethargy and mortality. Currently no preventive or curative measures against this disease exist and therefore information on the host-parasite interaction is crucial to find mitigation solutions for sparicotylosis. The knowledge about gene regulation in monogenean-host models mostly comes from freshwater monopysthocotyleans and almost nothing is known about …

0106 biological sciencesGillGillsApoptosis01 natural sciencesTranscriptomeSparus aurataGene expression0303 health sciencesHigh-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencingmedicine.anatomical_structureLiverHelminthiasis AnimalMonogeneaBiotechnologyResearch ArticleFish Proteinsanimal structureslcsh:QH426-470lcsh:BiotechnologyFisheriesSpleenBiologyMicrobiologyHost-Parasite Interactions03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemIllumina RNA-seqImmunitylcsh:TP248.13-248.65GeneticsmedicineAutophagyAnimals14. Life underwaterPlatelet activationImmune responseTranscriptomics030304 developmental biologyCell ProliferationSequence Analysis RNASparus aurata Sparicotyle chrysophrii Gills Monogenea Ectoparasites Illumina RNA-seq Transcriptomics Apoptosis Immune responseGene Expression ProfilingAquatic animalSea Breamlcsh:GeneticsGene Expression RegulationPlatyhelminthsSparicotyle chrysophriiEctoparasitesSpleen010606 plant biology & botany
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Immune activation increases susceptibility to oxidative tissue damage in Zebra Finches.

2006

Summary 1The innate immune response involves the production of highly reactive molecules (reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, ROS and RNS). These toxic compounds can effectively destroy invading pathogens but can also, non-specifically, target host cells. Tissue damage caused by ROS and RNS can be substantial if the inflammatory response is overactive, potentially inducing a so-called immunopathology. 2In this study, we induced an inflammatory response in Zebra Finches by the way of a LPS injection (lipopolysaccharide of the cell wall of Escherichia coli), using as a control a group of birds injected with saline (phosphate-buffered saline). Body mass was measured both before and 24 h afte…

0106 biological sciencesLipopolysaccharidefree radicals[ SDV.BBM.BM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Molecular biologyBiologymedicine.disease_cause010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesimmune activation03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundImmune systemnitric oxideImmunopathologymedicine[ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyimmunopathologyZebra finchEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsReactive nitrogen speciesComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biologyZebra Finchchemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesReactive oxygen speciesInnate immune systemlipopolysaccharide[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Molecular biology3. Good healthchemistryImmunology[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyOxidative stress
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