Search results for "Additive"
showing 10 items of 297 documents
On the additivity of block designs
2016
We show that symmetric block designs $${\mathcal {D}}=({\mathcal {P}},{\mathcal {B}})$$D=(P,B) can be embedded in a suitable commutative group $${\mathfrak {G}}_{\mathcal {D}}$$GD in such a way that the sum of the elements in each block is zero, whereas the only Steiner triple systems with this property are the point-line designs of $${\mathrm {PG}}(d,2)$$PG(d,2) and $${\mathrm {AG}}(d,3)$$AG(d,3). In both cases, the blocks can be characterized as the only k-subsets of $$\mathcal {P}$$P whose elements sum to zero. It follows that the group of automorphisms of any such design $$\mathcal {D}$$D is the group of automorphisms of $${\mathfrak {G}}_\mathcal {D}$$GD that leave $$\mathcal {P}$$P in…
On the subset sum problem for finite fields
2021
Abstract Let G be the additive group of a finite field. J. Li and D. Wan determined the exact number of solutions of the subset sum problem over G, by giving an explicit formula for the number of subsets of G of prescribed size whose elements sum up to a given element of G. They also determined a closed-form expression for the case where the subsets are required to contain only nonzero elements. In this paper we give an alternative proof of the two formulas. Our argument is purely combinatorial, as in the original proof by Li and Wan, but follows a different and somehow more “natural” approach. We also indicate some new connections with coding theory and combinatorial designs.
Uncertainty measures—Problems concerning additivity
2009
Additivity of an uncertainty measure on an MV-algebra has a clear meaning. If the divisibility is dropped, we come up to a so-called Girard algebra. There we discuss strong resp. weak additivity based on so-called divisible disjoint unions resp. on additivity for all sub-MV-algebras. We obtain a description of those extensions from additive measures on an MV-algebra to the canonical Girard algebra extension of pairs which are strongly additive and valuation measures. Finally, we prove the non-existence of strongly additive measure extensions, if the underlying MV-algebra is a finite chain with more than two non-trivial elements.
Measure-free conditioning and extensions of additive measures on finite MV-algebras
2010
Using the well known representation of any finite MV-algebra as a product of finite MV-chains as factors, we obtain a representation of its canonical extension as a Girard algebra product of the canonical extensions of the MV-chain factors. Based on this representation and using the results from our last paper, we characterize the additive measures on any finite MV-algebra resp. the weakly and the strongly additive measures on its canonical Girard algebra extension, and that as convex combinations of the corresponding measures on the respective factors. After that we apply the results to measure-free defined conditional events which for this reason are considered as elements of the canonica…
Equivariant Triviality of Quasi-Monomial Triangular $$\mathbb{G}_{a}$$-Actions on $$\mathbb{A}^{4}$$
2014
We give a direct and self-contained proof of the fact that additive group actions on affine four-space generated by certain types of triangular derivations are translations whenever they are proper. The argument, which is based on explicit techniques, provides an illustration of the difficulties encountered and an introduction to the more abstract methods which were used recently by the authors to solve the general triangular case.
Axiomatic characterization of the weighted solidarity values
2014
Abstract We define and characterize the class of all weighted solidarity values . Our first characterization employs the classical axioms determining the solidarity value (except symmetry ), that is, efficiency , additivity and the A-null player axiom , and two new axioms called proportionality and strong individual rationality . In our second axiomatization, the additivity and the A-null player axioms are replaced by a new axiom called average marginality .
Three-page encoding and complexity theory for spatial graphs
2004
We construct a series of finitely presented semigroups. The centers of these semigroups encode uniquely up to rigid ambient isotopy in 3-space all non-oriented spatial graphs. This encoding is obtained by using three-page embeddings of graphs into the product of the line with the cone on three points. By exploiting three-page embeddings we introduce the notion of the three-page complexity for spatial graphs. This complexity satisfies the properties of finiteness and additivity under natural operations.
Personal Goals of Older Female Twins
2009
This study examined genetic and environmental influences on older women’s personal goals by using data from the Finnish Twin Study on Aging. The interview for the personal goals was completed by 67 monozygotic (MZ) pairs and 75 dizygotic (DZ) pairs. The tetrachoric correlations for personal goals related to health and functioning, close relationships, and independent living were higher in MZ than DZ twins, indicating possible genetic influence. The pattern of tetrachoric correlations for personal goals related to cultural activities, care of others, and physical exercise indicated environmental influence. For goals concerning health and functioning, independent living, and close relationsh…
3D-Printed Solid Dispersion Drug Products.
2019
With the well-known advantages of additive manufacturing methods such as three-dimensional (3D) printing in drug delivery, it is disappointing that only one product has been successful in achieving regulatory approval in the past few years. Further research and development is required in this area to introduce more 3D printed products into the market. Our study investigates the potential of fixed dose combination solid dispersion drug products generated via 3D printing. Two model drugs&mdash
Life cycle assessment of low temperature asphalt mixtures for road pavement surfaces: A comparative analysis
2018
The increasing fuel consumption demand, the accelerated pressure imposed by the depletion of 5 scarce raw materials and the urgent environmental protection requirements are forcing the change of 6 pavement industry and academia community’s research endeavors towards the development of low 7 emissions road paving technologies able to significantly reduce mixing and compaction temperature as 8 well as the consumption of virgin raw materials. One set of relatively recent technologies in the field of 9 pavement materials that aims at addressing those concerns are the warm mix asphalt (WMA). In fact, 10 they have the potential to allow the reduction of energy consumption and airborne emissions d…