Search results for "Adjuvant"

Treatment of pancreatic cancer: A narrative review of cost-effectiveness studies.

2013

Cancer of the pancreas is the second most frequent digestive cancer in the US, accounting for about 44,000 new cases per year. In Europe, it is the sixth most frequent cancer, accounting for 2.8% of cancers in men and 3.2% in women. With a five-year survival of less than 10%, it is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death. The majority of cases are diagnosed above the age of 65 and in about 60% of cases at an advanced stage, explaining that little improvement has been observed in survival over the past 30 years. Radical surgery offers the only curative treatment of pancreatic cancer. Alternative or combined therapeutic options in particular consist of adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemothe…

Prediction of paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer: is CYP1B1*3 a new factor of influence?

2008

This article focuses on the recent findings by Marsh and colleagues, and also discusses recent findings with regards to breast cancer. Taxanes are amongst the most active agents in the treatment of breast cancer. However, many tumors are intrinsically resistant. Therefore, it would be an enormous progress, if factors could be identified that reliably differentiate between taxane-sensitive and -resistant patients. Marsh and colleagues analyzed the CYP1B1*3 (Val432Leu) polymorphism in patients with high-risk stage III and IV breast cancer, who received dose-intense paclitaxel in combination with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. They report for the first time that patients with two leucine al…

EndoPredict improves the prognostic classification derived from common clinical guidelines in ER-positive, HER2-negative early breast cancer

2012

Background In early estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer, the decision to administer chemotherapy is largely based on prognostic criteria. The combined molecular/clinical EndoPredict test (EPclin) has been validated to accurately assess prognosis in this population. In this study, the clinical relevance of EPclin in relation to well-established clinical guidelines is assessed. Patients and methods We assigned risk groups to 1702 ER-positive/HER2-negative postmenopausal women from two large phase III trials treated only with endocrine therapy. Prognosis was assigned according to National Comprehensive Cancer Center Network-, German S3-, St Gallen guidelines and the EPc…

How to find the Ariadne's thread in the labyrinth of salvage treatment options for metastatic colorectal cancer?

2014

Abstract: Since a chance for cure was found out in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients undergoing a resection of liver and lung metastases, high tumor shrinkage by chemotherapy regimens and their combination with targeted agents have been addressed in potentially resectable mCRC. However, most mCRC patients cannot reach this opportunity because of tumor burden or metastatic sites. For these patients a salvage systemic therapy could be offered to prolong survival. To date, a huge number of clinical trials provided some evidences for the achievement of this goal. A lot of chemotherapeutic regimens in combination with biological therapies are now available. We tried to propose a simpl…

Resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Role of the radiologist and oncologist in the era of precision medicine

2021

The incidence and mortality of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma are growing over time. The management of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma involves a multidisciplinary team, ideally involving experts from surgery, diagnostic imaging, interventional endoscopy, medical oncology, radiation oncology, pathology, geriatric medicine, and palliative care. An adequate staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and re-assessment of the tumor after neoadjuvant therapy allows the multidisciplinary team to choose the most appropriate treatment for the patient. This review article discusses advancement in the molecular basis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, diagnostic tools available fo…

2015

Background Immunotherapy can become a crucial therapeutic option to improve prognosis for lung cancer patients. First clinical trials with therapies targeting the programmed cell death receptor PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 have shown promising results in several solid tumors. However, in lung cancer the diagnostic, prognostic and predictive value of these immunologic factors remains unclear. Method The impact of both factors was evaluated in a study collective of 321 clinically well-annotated patients with non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) using immunohistochemistry. Results PD-1 expression by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was found in 22%, whereas tumor cell associated PD-L1 expression wa…

Assessment of Treatment Effects By Measurable Residual Disease Monitoring in NPM1-Mutated AML Patients Randomized for Gemtuzumab-Ozogamicin (GO) with…

2018

Abstract Background: Measurable residual disease (MRD), as determined by quantitation of Nucleophosmin 1-mutated (NPM1mut) transcript levels (TL), provides significant prognostic information independent of other risk factors in patients (pts) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This is also addressed by the 2017 European LeukemiaNet (ELN) risk stratification system, which recommends taking into account results from MRD monitoring when selecting the appropriate post-remission therapy. Furthermore, MRD monitoring provides a powerful tool to evaluate treatment effects within clinical trials investigating novel therapies. Aims: To determine the impact of the anti-CD33 immunotoxin Gemtuzumab-Ozog…

27. Differences in adjuvant chemotherapy administration for stage II colon cancer patients – a EURECCA international comparison

2014

Does neoadjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy improve the prognosis of high‐risk Stage II and III colon cancers? Three years' follow‐up results of the PRODIGE…

2021

International audience; Aim Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has proven valuable in locally advanced resectable colon cancer (CC) but its effect on oncological outcomes is uncertain. The aim of the present paper was to report 3-year oncological outcomes, representing the secondary endpoints of the PRODIGE 22 trial. Method PRODIGE 22 was a randomized multicentre phase II trial in high-risk T3, T4 and/or N2 CC patients on CT scan. Patients were randomized between 6 months of adjuvant FOLFOX (upfront surgery) or perioperative FOLFOX (four cycles before surgery and eight cycles after; FOLFOX perioperative). In wild-type RAS patients, a third arm testing perioperative FOLFOX-cetuximab was added. The pri…

Multidisciplinary management of gastric and gastroesophageal cancers

2008

Carcinomas of the stomach and gastroesophageal junction are among the five top leading cancer types worldwide. In spite of radical surgical R0 resections being the basis of cure of gastric cancer, surgery alone provides long-term survival in only 30% of patients with advanced International Union Against Cancer (UICC) stages in Western countries because of the high risk of recurrence and metachronous metastases. However, recent large phase-III studies improved the diagnostic and therapeutic options in gastric cancers, indicating a more multidisciplinary management of the disease. Multimodal strategies combining different neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant protocols have clearly improved the gastric…