Search results for "Administration"
showing 10 items of 5106 documents
Adverse Effects of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids: A Literature Review
2021
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) are a large group of molecules including endogenously produced androgens, such as testosterone, as well as synthetically manufactured derivatives. AAS use is widespread due to their ability to improve muscle growth for aesthetic purposes and athletes’ performance, minimizing androgenic effects. AAS use is very popular and 1–3% of US inhabitants have been estimated to be AAS users. However, AASs have side effects, involving all organs, tissues and body functions, especially long-term toxicity involving the cardiovascular system and the reproductive system, thereby, their abuse is considered a public health issue. The aim of the proposed review is to highli…
Surgical sphincter saving approach and topical nifedipine for chronic anal fissure with hypertonic internal anal sphincter
2020
PURPOSE The role of augmented internal anal sphincter (IAS) tone in the genesis of posterior chronic anal fissure (CAPF) is still unknown. Lateral internal sphincterotomy is the most employed surgical procedure, nevertheless it is burdened by high risk post-operative anal incontinence. The aim of our study is to evaluate results of sphincter saving procedure with post-operative pharmacological sphincterotomy for patients affected by CAPF with IAS hypertonia. Methods: We enrolled 30 patients, undergone fissurectomy and anoplasty with V-Y cutaneous flap advancement; all patients received topical administration of nifedipine 0.3% and lidocaine 1.5% ointment-based therapy before and for 15 days…
Comparation of the eutectic mixture of lidocaine/prilocain versus benzocaine gel in children
2011
Objective: To compare the anesthetic effect of a non commercial eutectic mixture of 4% lidocaine/ prilocaine (PLO 4%) and 20% benzocaine gel (Hur- ricaine®), as topical anesthetic, prior to inferior al- veolar nerve block and buccal infiltration anesthesia in 5 - 12 year old children. Study design: Infiltrative anesthesia was applied in 50 children, divided in two groups (n = 25) using PLO 4% and Hurricaine® as topical anesthesia prior to infiltration. Physical reac- tions were registered using the Sound-Eyes- Motor Scale. Physiological changes expressed by ar- terial pressure and heart rate. Subjective pain re- sponse was scored on a Facial Image Scale. Physical physiological and subjectiv…
Refractory Death Rattle: Deep Aspiration Facilitates the Effects of Antisecretory Agents
2011
Anticholinergic drugs, including atropine, hyoscine butylbromide, and scopolamine, have been shown to be equally effective in the treatment of death rattle. However, anticholinergic drugs may only be effective in reducing the production of further secretions, rather than eliminating the existing ones. A case is described in which a preventive procedure was undertaken to carefully eliminate secretions before starting anticholinergic drugs. Airway aspiration under light anesthesia removed secretions before starting anticholinergic drugs. Low doses of propofol were given intravenously to make a laryngoscopy feasible, allowing the complete aspiration of large amounts of tracheal secretions. No …
Oral vinorelbine in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: rationale and implications for patient management.
2007
Vinorelbine is an established treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), both as a single agent and in combination chemotherapy. Recently, an oral form of this agent has been developed. Before accepting an established agent in a different administration form, rigorous testing is required to answer such questions as reliable bioavailability, continued safety and preservation of efficacy. In addition, an oral agent must provide patient convenience and acceptance, while being an economically sound approach. Oral vinorelbine was found to have acceptable and reliable pharmacokinetic profiles at clinically relevant dosage levels. Oral vinorelbine was found to have approximately 40…
Stafne's bone cavity: An unusual case with involvement of the buccal and lingual mandibular plates
2014
Lingual mandibular bone defects, also known as Stafne bone cavity (SC), are unilateral asymptomatic radiolucencies, generally seen in the mandibular angle, below the inferior alveolar canal. Although panoramic radiographies normally offer enough information to make a correct diagnosis, additional studies are often required, especially in atypical cases. The present report describes an atypical presentation of a Stafne’s bone cavity in a 78 years-old male patient. In this particular case, an asymptomatic and radiolucid lesion was observed during a routine dental examination. The computed tomography (CT) showed an involvement of both lingual and buccal mandibular plates producing a tunnel-lik…
Evaluation of nitroglycerin effect on remote photoplethysmogram waveform acquired at green and near infra-red illumination
2017
Assessment of skin microcirculation provides diagnostically valuable information during the early stages of pathologies. The simple, cost-effective and intrusive alternative to existing circulation assessment methods is remote photoplethysmography (rPPG). The objective of the present pilot study was to reveal an effect on sublingual administration of 1 mg nitroglycerin on systemic hemodynamic parameters and rPPG waveforms, at 810 nm and 530nm illumination. The protocol comprised 3 minutes of baseline recording, 15 minutes recording of NTG effect, 2 minutes of arterial occlusion and the following 3 min reactive hyperemia. Two PPG signals were acquired from glabrous skin of the middle finger …
Chronical haloperidol and clozapine treatment in rats: Differential RNA display analysis, behavioral studies and serum level determination
1998
1. Adult, female rats were treated orally for 23 days with 1.6 mg/kg haloperidol or 36 mg/kg clozapine per day, to study chronic effects of the two neuroleptics. 2. At five time points during the neuroleptic treatment, animal behavior was recorded in an open field and locomotive activity was analysed. At the end of the experiment, rats were decapitated, blood samples were collected and serum concentrations of haloperidol and clozapine were determined by a radioreceptor or HPLC assay, respectively. RNA was isolated from each brain, without cerebellum, and subjected to differential RNA display. 3. Mean serum concentrations were 8 ng/ml for haloperidol and 21 ng/ml for clozapine. Analysis of o…
Day care cataract surgery in Central and Southern Italy: a multicentric survey
2007
Abstract Background Cataract day surgery has rapidly gained worldwide acceptance, because the new surgical techniques and costs are generally lower than those involved in ordinary hospitalization. Cataract surgery serves as a proxy indicator of the trend towards day surgery hospitalization in Italy and, therefore, of regional variability in health-care delivery and cost. The aim of this study was to update the diffusion of cataract day surgery through various surgical ophthalmological centers in central and southern Italy during 2005. Methods A two-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to draw a sample of Cataract Surgery Unit from Ophthalmic Units of central and southern Italy.…
Effect of oral glutathione on hepatic glutathione levels in rats and mice
1989
Administration of oral glutathione (GSH) increases hepatic GSH levels in fasted rats, in mice treated with GSH depletors such as diethyl maleate and in mice treated with high doses of paracetamol. An increase in hepatic GSH levels after administration of oral GSH does not occur in animals treated with buthionine sulphoximine, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis. Administration of oral GSH leads to an increase in the concentration of l-cysteine, a precursor of GSH, in portal blood plasma. Oral administration of l-methionine produced a significant decrease of hepatic ATP in fasted rats, but not in fed rats. Administration ofN−acetylcysteine or GSH did not affect the hepatic ATP levels. The results …