Search results for "Adolescent"

showing 10 items of 6718 documents

Correlation of cerebral blood flow and treatment effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in depressed patients.

2002

The aims of this study were to: (1) assess the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on brain activity in depressed patients as measured by single photon emission tomography (SPECT); (2) evaluate the predictive value of brain SPECT on the antidepressant efficacy of rTMS. Patients (n=17) received 1600 rTMS stimuli at a rate of 10 Hz, 5 days per week for 2 weeks to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Whole brain SPECT data were acquired using Tc99m-Bicisate. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was correlated with the % change in the 28-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale Score (Δ-HDRS) and a semiquantitative region of interest (ROI) analysis was conducted. Prio…

AdultMaleAdolescentPersonality InventoryBrain activity and meditationmedicine.medical_treatmentSingle photon emission tomographyCentral nervous systemNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Prefrontal CortexElectric Stimulation Therapybehavioral disciplines and activitiesElectromagnetic FieldsImaging Three-DimensionalRegion of interestmental disordersmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingDominance CerebralDepression (differential diagnoses)AgedTomography Emission-Computed Single-PhotonDepressive Disorder Majormedicine.diagnostic_testDepressionBrainMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance ImagingTranscranial magnetic stimulationPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureTreatment Outcomenervous systemCerebral blood flowRegional Blood FlowAnesthesiaLateralityFemalePsychologyTranscranial magnetic stimulationpsychological phenomena and processesPsychiatry research
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Internet Addiction Disorder: An Italian Study

2007

Abstract The Italian version of the Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was administered online to a sample of Italian chatters (n = 236) who were different in terms of gender, age, and occupation. Results revealed that young users are more at-risk subjects for Internet addiction than adults, perceiving a compromised social and individual quality of their life that led them to make a compensatory usage of the Internet. Similarly, employed users perceive their social and individual quality of life as more compromised by the Internet than students. Moreover, subjects who declared spending much time online obtained IAT scores higher than others in all the IAT subscales. Finally, nightly user…

AdultMaleAdolescentPersonality InventoryCross-sectional studymedia_common.quotation_subjecteducationSocial EnvironmentQuality of life (healthcare)Risk FactorsHumansQuality (business)Internet Addiction Desorder Internet Addiction TestApplied Psychologymedia_commonInternetbusiness.industryIncidenceCommunicationAddictionSocial environmentGeneral MedicineBehavior AddictiveHuman-Computer InteractionInternet addiction disorderCross-Sectional StudiesItalyQuality of LifeFemaleThe InternetPersonality Assessment InventorybusinessPsychologyClinical psychologyCyberPsychology & Behavior
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Childhood Physical Activity and Adulthood Earnings

2016

Purpose: This study examined the associations between childhood physical activity level and adulthood earnings. Methods: The data were drawn from the ongoing longitudinal Young Finns Study, which was combined with register-based Finnish Longitudinal Employer–Employee Data and registerbased parents_ background information from the Longitudinal Population Census of Statistics Finland. The study consisted of children who were 9 yr (n = 1257, 52% boys), 12 yr (n = 1662, 51% boys), and 15 yr (n = 1969, 49% boys) of age at the time when physical activity was measured. The children were followed until 2010, when they were between 33 and 45 yr old. Leisure-time physical activity in childhood was se…

AdultMaleAdolescentPhysical activityphysical activityPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinechildren0502 economics and businessadultsHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineLongitudinal Studies050207 economicsChildta315Exerciseta512Finlandaikuisetta511Earnings05 social scienceshealth030229 sport sciencesPhysical activity levelIncomeFemalelabor marketPsychologyterveysearningsMedicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
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Probabilistic liver atlas construction

2017

Background Anatomical atlases are 3D volumes or shapes representing an organ or structure of the human body. They contain either the prototypical shape of the object of interest together with other shapes representing its statistical variations (statistical atlas) or a probability map of belonging to the object (probabilistic atlas). Probabilistic atlases are mostly built with simple estimations only involving the data at each spatial location. Results A new method for probabilistic atlas construction that uses a generalized linear model is proposed. This method aims to improve the estimation of the probability to be covered by the liver. Furthermore, all methods to build an atlas involve p…

AdultMaleAdolescentPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsComputer scienceStatistics as TopicBiomedical EngineeringGeneralized linear modelcomputer.software_genre030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingBiomaterials03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSimple (abstract algebra)Coregistration methodImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProbabilistic atlasAgedProbabilityAged 80 and overRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryAtlas (topology)ResearchProbabilistic logicPattern recognitionGeneral MedicineProbabilistic atlasMiddle AgedObject (computer science)Magnetic Resonance ImagingAnatomical atlasAtlas variabilityLiver030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAnatomical atlasFemaleArtificial intelligenceData miningbusinesscomputerAlgorithmsBioMedical Engineering OnLine
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Do animacy effects persist in memory for context?

2017

International audience; The adaptive view of human memory (Nairne, 2010) assumes that animates (e.g., rabbit) are remembered better than inanimates (e.g., glass) because animates are ultimately more important for fitness than inanimates. Previous studies provided evidence for this view by showing that animates were recalled or recognized better than inanimates (e.g., Nairne, VanArsdall, Pandeirada, Cogdill, & LeBreton, 2013), but they did not assess memory for contextual details (e.g., where animates vs. inanimates occurred). In this study, we tested recollection of spatial information (Study 1) and temporal information (Study 2) associated with animate versus inanimate words. The findings …

AdultMaleAdolescentPhysiologyMemory EpisodicHuman memory[ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology050109 social psychologyExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyContext (language use)Evolutionary psychologyVocabulary050105 experimental psychologyYoung AdultPhysiology (medical)HumansContextual information0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesTemporal informationEpisodic memoryGeneral PsychologyRecallEpisodic memory05 social sciencesAssociation LearningRecognition PsychologyGeneral MedicineAnimacyEvolutionary psychologyMemory for contextNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyPattern Recognition VisualMental Recall[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/PsychologyFemaleAnimacyPsychologyCognitive psychologyQuarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
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Internalized myofiber capillaries: Observations on their origin and clinical features

1989

Internalized capillaries limited to type 1 muscle fibers were noted in seven patients. They occurred in each case in association with a similar admixture of neurogenic and myopathic features that included atrophic and hypertrophic fibers, internal nuclei, fiber splitting, and endomyseal and perimyseal fibrosis. Internalized capillaries in enlarged type 1 fibers arose from fiber splits on step section study of four patients. They occurred in the gastrocnemius, quadriceps, and soleus muscles from patients with a variety of disorders that included Becker dystrophy, diabetes mellitus and strenuous leg activities, Achilles tendon rupture, and myotonic dystrophy. Exercise-induced myalgias were no…

AdultMaleAdolescentPhysiologyMyotonic dystrophyMuscle hypertrophyCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMuscular DiseasesTendon InjuriesFibrosisPhysiology (medical)HumansMyotonic DystrophyMedicineMyocyteProspective StudiesMuscular dystrophyRupturebusiness.industryMusclesAnatomyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMyotoniaCapillariesDiabetes Mellitus Type 1Neurology (clinical)Achilles tendon rupturemedicine.symptombusinessPolyneuropathyMuscle & Nerve
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Psycholinguistic norms for 320 fixed expressions (idioms and proverbs) in French

2018

International audience; We provide psycholinguistic norms for a new set of 160 French idiomatic expressions and 160 proverbs: knowledge, predictability, literality, compositionality, subjective and objective frequency, familiarity, age of acquisition (AoA), and length. Different analyses (reliability, descriptive statistics, correlations) performed on the norms are reported and discussed. The norms can be downloaded as supplemental material.

AdultMaleAdolescentPhysiologyPrinciple of compositionalityStatistics as TopicExperimental and Cognitive Psychology[ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/PsychologyIdiomsVocabulary050105 experimental psychologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineIdiomatic expressionsReference ValuesPhysiology (medical)Humans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPredictability[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/LinguisticsSet (psychology)General PsychologyMathematicsPrincipal Component AnalysisLanguage TestsPsycholinguistics4. Education05 social sciences[ SCCO.LING ] Cognitive science/LinguisticsGeneral Medicine[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/LinguisticsLinguisticsSemanticsKnowledgeNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyPsycholinguistic norms[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology[ SHS.LANGUE ] Humanities and Social Sciences/LinguisticsFemaleFranceProverbs030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Short and long latency reflex responses elicited by electrical and mechanical stimulation in human hand muscle

1986

The relationship between electrically and mechanically induced reflex responses in the rectified, averaged surface electromyogram of the first interosseus dorsalis muscle was examined in 18 healthy human subjects. Both methods evoked identifiable short and long latency reflex responses. The onset latencies for short latency reflexes with electrical and mechanical stimulations were 30.6 ms (+/- 2.2 ms) and 28.9 ms (+/- 2.2 ms) and for long latency reflexes 50.0 ms (+/- 2.8 ms) and 51.2 ms (+/- 5.2 ms), respectively. The correlation of the onset latencies of the reflexes revealed significant correspondence between the electrical and mechanical methods implying at least partly mutual mechanism…

AdultMaleAdolescentPhysiologyStimulationElectromyographyPhysical StimulationReflexHumansMedicineShort latencyHand musclesmedicine.diagnostic_testElectromyographybusiness.industryLong latency reflexAnatomyMiddle AgedNeurophysiologyHandElectric StimulationReflexFemalemedicine.symptombusinessMechanoreceptorsNeuroscienceMuscle ContractionMuscle contractionActa Physiologica Scandinavica
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Socio-economic inequalities in mortality due to injuries in small areas of ten cities in Spain (MEDEA Project).

2011

Abstract Objectives To analyse socio-economic inequalities in mortality due to injuries among census tracts of ten Spanish cities by sex and age in the period 1996–2003. Methods This is a cross-sectional ecological study where the units of analysis are census tracts. The study population consisted of people residing in the cities during the period 1996–2003. For each census tract we obtained an index of socio-economic deprivation, and estimated standardized mortality ratios using hierarchical Bayesian models which take into account the spatial structure of the data. Results In the majority of the cities, the geographical pattern of total mortality from injuries is similar to that of the soc…

AdultMaleAdolescentPoison controlHuman Factors and ErgonomicsSuicide preventionOccupational safety and healthYoung AdultResidence CharacteristicsCause of DeathPoverty AreasInjury preventionHumansCitiesSafety Risk Reliability and QualityModels StatisticalPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthUrban HealthHuman factors and ergonomicsEcological studyBayes TheoremCensusesCensusMiddle AgedGeographyCross-Sectional StudiesSocioeconomic FactorsSpainPopulation studyWounds and InjuriesFemaleDemographyAccident; analysis and prevention
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Suicide attempts in chronically depressed individuals: What are the risk factors?

2020

Abstract Chronically depressed individuals have a high suicide risk. However, it is an open question whether previously observed risk factors for suicide attempts also apply to chronic depression or whether there are specific risk factors related to chronic-recurrent illness. We drew from a large group of chronically depressed individuals seeking psychotherapy to investigate demographic and psychological factors related to previous suicide attempts. Participants took part in the SCID and filled out established questionnaires. Among 368 chronically depressed individuals (68.7% women; Mage = 40.95 years), 75 participants (19.4%) reported previous suicide attempts. Men were more likely to have…

AdultMaleAdolescentPoison controlSuicide AttemptedSuicide preventionPersonality DisordersSeverity of Illness IndexSuicidal Ideation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicineHumansInterpersonal RelationsRisk factorBiological PsychiatryDepression (differential diagnoses)Suicide attemptbusiness.industryDepressionMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePersonality disordersAnxiety Disorders030227 psychiatryAggressionPsychiatry and Mental healthCross-Sectional StudiesSexual abuseChronic DiseaseAnxietyFemalemedicine.symptombusinessSelf-Injurious Behavior030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical psychologyPsychiatry research
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