Search results for "Adolescent"
showing 10 items of 6718 documents
Global Cognitive Functioning versus Controlled Functioning throughout the Stages of Development
2020
According to the All or None Hypothesis (Diamond, 2009), the cognitive system can operate in a global manner that is not very discriminate or in a more discriminate mode that demands greater precision, control, and cognitive effort. There are five corollaries to this hypothesis that describe, in an operative way, the conditions under which the controlled mode of functioning in the cognitive domain can be activated and thus tested. Given the impact this theory has generated and the absence of studies analyzing the corollaries in a collective and systematic way at different stages of development, this study was proposed, first of all, to test three of these corollaries in children, adolescent…
Association between osteocalcin and cognitive performance in healthy older adults.
2016
INTRODUCTION: cognitive deterioration and reductions of bone health coincide with increasing age. We examine the relationship between bone composition and plasma markers of bone remodelling with measures of cognitive performance in healthy adults.METHODS: this cross-sectional study included 225 old (52% women, mean age: 74.4 ± 3.3 years) and 134 young (52% women, mean age: 23.4 ± 2.7 years) adult participants from the MyoAge project. Whole body bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood analyses included a panel of bone-related peptides (dickkopf-1, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin, sclerostin, parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor …
Longitudinal associations of physical activity and pubertal development with academic achievement in adolescents.
2020
Highlights • Boys with higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity had better academic achievement than those with lower levels of physical activity at baseline. • Physical activity was not associated with academic achievement at follow-up in boys or girls. • Continuously inactive adolescents had poorer academic achievement over the follow-up period than their more active peers. • Girls with more advanced pubertal status had better academic achievement than other girls.
Polygenic association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder liability and cognitive impairments.
2022
AbstractBackgroundA recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 12 independent loci significantly associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Polygenic risk scores (PRS), derived from the GWAS, can be used to assess genetic overlap between ADHD and other traits. Using ADHD samples from several international sites, we derived PRS for ADHD from the recent GWAS to test whether genetic variants that contribute to ADHD also influence two cognitive functions that show strong association with ADHD: attention regulation and response inhibition, captured by reaction time variability (RTV) and commission errors (CE).MethodsThe discovery GWAS included 19 099 ADHD cases …
Determinants of Cognitive Performance in Children and Adolescents : A Populational Longitudinal Study
2022
We evaluated the determinants of cognitive performance in children and adolescents. This is a longitudinal study, secondary analysis of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study. We assessed 502 children (51.6% girls) at middle childhood (range: 6.6 to 9.0 years), at late childhood, 437 children (51.0% girls, range: 8.8 to 11.2 years), and in 277 adolescents (54.5% girls, range: 15.0 to 17.4 years). Raven’s progressive matrices tests estimated the participants’ cognitive performance (outcome variable) at all time points. In total, we evaluated 29 factors from various dimensions (prenatal, neonatal, child fitness, lifestyle and anthropometrics). None of the neonatal and a…
Can Physiological and Psychological Factors Predict Dropout from Intense 10-Day Winter Military Survival Training?
2020
Background: In the military context, high levels of physiological and psychological stress together can compromise individual&rsquo
Which are the communication styles of anti-tobacco spots that most impress adolescents?
2019
Abstract Objectives To evaluate emotions and opinions of Italian adolescents aged 13-18 years old about different anti-tobacco spots delivered by the mass media campaigns over the world. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted. Italian students from different regions were enrolled. A video that collected 7 anti-tobacco spots from all over the world. The spots describe the tobacco dependence, the health damages and the tobacco components using different communication styles (funny, scientific, dramatic, comedians, shocking, and sad). Information on age, gender, smoking status of family and peers were gathered. Descriptive and univariate analysis of emotional and cognitive r…
Competencias socioemocionales, toma de decisiones y conducta antisocial-delictiva en adolescentes: Un estudio transcultural
2021
Las competencias socioemocionales y la toma de decisiones son temas de interés para prevenir e intervenir en las conductas antisociales y delictivas de los adolescentes. Una mayor competencia socioemocional se ha relacionado con una mejor salud mental, bienestar subjetivo, conducta prosocial y ajuste social. La toma de decisiones está relacionada con las conductas de riesgo positivas y negativas, el rendimiento personal y social y el logro de metas. La evidencia sugiere que los adolescentes ofensores tienen un menor rendimiento en las competencias socioemocionales y en la toma de decisiones que sus compañeros normativos. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue desarrollar las competencias…
Programa de resolución de conflictos FHaCE up! Para la mejora de la convivencia y de la percepción de violencia en los centros de Educación Secundaria
2023
La violencia escolar representa una de las problemáticas más graves a las que se enfrenta la comunidad educativa, debido a su alta prevalencia y las graves consecuencias asociadas, que pueden repercutir en el desempeño académico, la salud mental y la participación en actos delictivos y/o criminales, entre otras (Estévez et al., 2019; Gaffney et al., 2021; Polanin et al., 2021). Según el último informe proporcionado por Fundación ANAR, en España se archivaron un total de 2868 consultas en relación con episodios de violencia escolar, de las cuales 1911 casos fueron diagnosticados como acoso escolar (Ministerio de Educación y Formación Profesional, 2022b). Debido a la alta preocupación que gen…
Morbidity of third molar extraction in patients between 12 and 18 years of age
2005
Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue analizar la incidencia de complicaciones después de la extracción quirúrgica de los terceros molares en pacientes de 12 a 18 años de edad. Pacientes y método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 390 extracciones quirúgicas de terceros molares superiores e inferiores en 173 pacientes en edades comprendidas entre los 12 y 18 años de edad, intervenidos bajo anestesia locorregional en el año 2000 en el Máster de Cirugía Bucal e Implantología Bucofacial de la Universidad de Barcelona. Los pacientes fueron divididos en tres grupos (A: 12-14 años, B:15-16 años, C: 17-18 años). Se registró la edad y el sexo del paciente, el motivo de la extracción, el g…