Search results for "Adrenal Cortex"

The Treatment of Mild and Moderate Asthma in Adults

2020

BACKGROUND: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that usually causes variable airway obstruction. It affects 5–10% of the German population. METHODS: This review is based on relevant publications retrieved by a selective search, as well as on national and international guidelines on the treatment of mild and moderate asthma in adults. RESULTS: The goal of treatment is to attain optimal asthma control with a minimal risk of exacerbations and mortality, loss of pulmonary function, and drug side effects. This can be achieved with a combination of pharmacotherapy and non-drug treatment including patient education, exercise, smoking cessation, and rehabilitation. Pharmacohterapy is ba…

Modulation of oestrogen excretion profiles by adjuvant chemotherapy in pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer.

1985

Modulation of steroid status by conventional chemotherapy was studied in 31 breast cancer patients receiving CMF and in 31 age-matched breast cancer patients without any therapy, taken as controls. This was achieved through the study of oestrogen excretion profiles using previously identified parameters and referring not only to classical but also to the “other”, namely catechol and unusual, oestrogen metabolites. After CMF treatment the premenopausal patients exhibit a modified excretion pattern, mainly concerning a marked and significant reduction of classical oestrogens, as shown by pattern indices. Because there is evidence that oestriol metabolism is not markedly affected by CMF treatm…

Prevalence and metabolic characteristics of adrenal androgen excess in hyperandrogenic women with different phenotypes

2007

Background: Serum DHEAS has been found to be elevated in some women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We wished to determine whether this prevalence is different in women with androgen excess who have different phenotypes and to correlate these findings with various cardiovascular and metabolic parameters. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-eight young hyperandrogenic women categorized into various diagnostic groups were evaluated for elevations in serum DHEAS, testosterone, glucose, insulin, quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI), cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides and C-reactive protein (CRP). Data were stratified based on elevations in DHEAS. Results: Serum DHEAS w…

Managing Adult-onset Still's disease: The effectiveness of high-dosage of corticosteroids as first-line treatment in inducing the clinical remission.…

2019

Abstract To assess the effectiveness of the treatment with high dosage of corticosteroids (CCSs), as first-line therapy, in inducing remission in naïve Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) patients compared with low dosage of CCSs, after 6 months. To further evaluate the rate of patients maintaining the remission and the rate of CCSs discontinuation, after additional 12 months of follow-up. A retrospective evaluation of patients prospectively followed was designed to compare the rate of clinical remission in naïve AOSD patients treated with high dosages of CCSs (0.8–1 mg/kg/day of prednisone-equivalent) or low dosage of CCSs (0.2–0.3 mg/kg/day of prednisone-equivalent), after 6 months. An add…

Aldosterone synthase activity in the Y-1 adrenal cell line.

1995

The Y-1 adrenal cell line was shown to produce 20 alpha-dihydroaldosterone from deoxycorticosterone. This compound was identified by GC-MS by comparison with the previously synthesized reference compound. Two other 18-hydroxylated metabolites were identified as 11 beta,18-dihydroxy-20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone from endogenous cholesterol and 18-hydroxy-20 alpha-dihydro-11-dehydrocorticosterone from DOC. The conditions necessary for the synthesis of these compounds are culturing in 20% serum-supplemented medium and repeated incubations with the substrate. The production of 11 beta-hydroxylated steroids and that of 18-oxygenated steroids is stimulated differently by ACTH and angiotensin II su…

Effect of rat plasma high density lipoprotein with or without apolipoprotein E on the cholesterol uptake and on the induction of the corticosteroid b…

1991

Abstract High density lipoprotein (HDL) has been shown to induce the cellular accumulation of cholesterol esters and the biosynthesis of 21-hydroxysteroids (corticosteroids) newborn rat adrenocortical cells cultivated in serum-free medium. In order to identify the component(s) of HDL responsible for these effects, we investigated the ability of rat HDL subfractions and HDL with or without apolipoprotein E to deliver cholesterol to cells and to stimulate the steroid biosynthetic pathways in adrenal cultured cells. The total cholesterol uptake from HDL 2 was greater than that observed with HDL rich in apolipoprotein E (HDL 1 and HDL c ). Furthermore, the increase of the ratio between 21-hydro…

Auto-immune haemolytic anaemia in ulcerative colitis: report of three cases.

1994

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis: Results from a cross-sectional study.

2017

Abstract Although the better management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has significantly improved the long-term outcome of affected patients, a significant proportion of these may develop associated comorbidities including cardiometabolic complications. However, it must be pointed out that a comprehensive cardiometabolic evaluation is still poorly integrated into the management of RA patients, due to a limited awareness of the problem, a lack of appropriate clinical studies, and optimal strategies for cardiovascular (CV) risk reduction in RA. In addition, although several studies investigated the possible association between traditional CV risk factors and RA, conflicting results are still av…

Plasma corticosteroids, free fatty acids, insulin and glucose in maternal blood during delivery.

1970

Plasma-corticosteroids (PCS), free fatty acids (FFA), insulin and glucose were determined continously in maternal blood during the entire course of delivery, from the first stage of labour until 6 hours after delivery. A steep increase in the PCS and FFA concentration could be noticed from the onset of labour (PCS: 37,8±11.2 µg/100 ml;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01; FFA: 556±106.6 µVal/l;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01) to the birth of the child (PCS: 96.8±19,5 µg/100 ml;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01; FFA: 1129±220 µVal/l;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01) and basal levels were already reached 6 hours later (PCS: 36.0±18.5 µg/100 ml;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01; FFA: 538±192.8 µVal/l;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01). The rise of insulin an…

Overall asthma control: the relationship between current control and future risk.

2009

Background Asthma guidelines emphasize both maintaining current control and reducing future risk, but the relationship between these 2 targets is not well understood. Objective This retrospective analysis of 5 budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy (Symbicort SMART Turbuhaler ∗ ∗Symbicort SMART and Turbuhaler are trademarks owned by AstraZeneca. Neither the Symbicort SMART posology nor the dry powder formulation Turbuhaler are currently approved in the United States.) studies assessed the relationship between asthma control questionnaire (ACQ-5) and Global Initiative for Asthma-defined clinical asthma control and future risk of instability and exacerbations. Methods The perc…