Search results for "Aggression"
showing 10 items of 325 documents
Profiling a spectrum of mental job demands and their linkages to employee outcomes
2020
Substance abuse, conduct disorder (CD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are all known risk factors for developing aggressive behaviors, criminality, other psychiatric comorbidity and substance use disorders (SUD). Since early age of onset is important for aggravating the impact of several of these risk factors, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether young adult violent offenders with different patterns of early onset externalizing problems (here: substance use < age 15, ADHD, CD) had resulted in different criminality profiles, substance use problem profiles and psychiatric comorbidity in young adult age. A mixed-method approach was used, combining a varia…
Social mirrors. Tove Jansson’sInvisibleChildand the importance of being seen
2016
ABSTRACTThis article examines the experience of being seen and analyzes its central role in the formation of a coherent sense of self. Tove Jansson’s short story from 1962, ‘The Invisible Child’, serves as the red thread of the article, and the story is analyzed in the light of Donald Winnicott’s work on social mirroring. The analysis is enriched by the psychoanalytic insights of Veikko Tahka and Heinz Kohut, and complemented by Axel Honneth’s philosophical elaborations as well as by recent developmental findings as presented by Vasudevi Reddy. The article is divided into an introduction and three sections. After summarizing Jansson’s story in the introduction, the first section elaborates …
The medial amygdala as a key neural centre in maternal aggression: genetic, neural and behavioural analyses
2019
In rodents, as macrosmatic animals, chemosensory processing plays an instrumental role in guiding the expression of social, sexual and maternal behaviours. Social odours and pheromones are processed by the main and the accessory olfactory systems, which information converge mainly in the medial amygdala (Me). The Me, in turn, plays a central role in the vomeronasal–sensorimotor integration that leads to specific behavioural responses such as the above-mentioned social and maternal behaviours. Maternal behaviour comprises physiological and behavioural adaptations that help the dams to successfully raise their offspring. This behaviour is expressed in a wide range of vertebrate species and ca…
Parenting Dimensions and Adolescent Peer Aggression: A Gendered Analysis
2020
The present study had two main goals. The first was to analyze the differences between parenting dimensions&mdash
Coping Strategies against peer victimization: differences according to gender, grade, victimization status and perceived classroom social climate
2021
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include “Good Health and Well-being” (SDG3) and “Quality Education” (SDG4). Nevertheless, many students cannot achieve these goals if they suffer peer victimization at their schools, and intervention programs to reduce it are necessary. These programs should consider the possible differences in the coping strategies preferred by students according to some personal (e.g., gender, grade, victimization status) and contextual (e.g., perceived classroom social climate) factors to be more effective. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the possible differences in the coping strategies preferred by students (ask a friend for help, ask a tea…
Związek agresji, wybranych czynników osobowościowych oraz preferencji kategorii filmów pornograficznych
2018
Przeprowadzono badanie eksploracyjne w celu zbadania predyktorów oglądania pornografii z uwzględnieniem jej kategorii. Wzięło w nim udział 136 osób. Z 25 zaproponowanych najpopularniejszych słów kluczowych używanych do wyszukiwania pornografii w Internecie, wystarczająco licznymi okazało się 8 kategorii: „amatorki”, „BDSM”, „hardcore”, „lesbijki”, „nastolatki”, „seks analny”, „seks oralny” i „seks grupowy”. Potwierdzono 3 z 5 hipotez. Zaobserwowano związek wysokiej otwartości na doświadczenia z preferencją kategorii „BDSM” oraz „seks grupowy”, a także częstotliwości oglądania pornografii z agresją fizyczną. Związek wysokiej ekstrawersji z preferencją kategorii dotyczących rasy („Azjatki”, …
Motherhood‐induced gene expression in the mouse medial amygdala: Changes induced by pregnancy and lactation but not by pup stimuli
2021
During lactation, adult female mice display aggressive responses toward male intrud-ers, triggered by male- derived chemosensory signals. This aggressive behavior is not shown by pup- sensitized virgin females sharing pup care with dams. The genetic mechanisms underlying the switch from attraction to aggression are unknown. In this work, we investigate the differential gene expression in lactating females ex-pressing maternal aggression compared to pup- sensitized virgin females in the me-dial amygdala (Me), a key neural structure integrating chemosensory and hormonal information. The results showed 197 genes upregulated in dams, including genes encoding hormones such as prolactin, growth h…
From Country Girl in Southern Finland to Longitudinal Research into Alternatives to Aggression and Violence
2021
Lea Pulkkinen, born in Finland in 1939, is Emerita Professor of Psychology at the University of Jyväskylä (Finland). She is best known for creating the ongoing Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (JLSPSD). The study was specifically intended to test the hypothesis that the human brain allows for more variation in behavior than the simple ‘fight or flight’ response observed in animal studies of aggression. She further hypothesized that humans’ capacity for cognitive control over emotional behavior was the key factor involved in controlling aggressive behavior. These hypotheses led her to devise an impulse control model to depict behavioral alternatives, which s…
Long-Term Educational Sustainability: Educational Innovation in Social Vulnerability Contexts
2017
This paper investigates the behavior of children from low socioeconomic status families and examines the effects of a socioemotional education program on aggression in children. The results of the program are compared according to the children’s gender and age, the family structure, the parents’ educational attainment, and social status. The results show that applying socioemotional education programs reduces children’s aggression and encourages positive development during adolescence. This positive development fosters open, expressive behavior.
Tryptophan metabolic pathways and brain serotonergic activity: A comparative review
2019
The essential amino acid L-tryptophan (Trp) is the precursor of the monoaminergic neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). Numerous studies have shown that elevated dietary Trp has a suppressive effect on aggressive behavior and post-stress plasma cortisol concentrations in vertebrates, including teleosts. These effects are believed to be mediated by the brain serotonergic system, even though all mechanisms involved are not well understood. The rate of 5-HT biosynthesis is limited by Trp availability, but only in neurons of the hindbrain raphe area predominantly expressing the isoform TPH2 of the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH). In the periphery as well as in brain areas …