Search results for "Agricultural"

showing 10 items of 5177 documents

The effect of inbreeding rate on fitness, inbreeding depression and heterosis over a range of inbreeding coefficients

2014

Understanding the effects of inbreeding and genetic drift within populations and hybridization between genetically differentiated populations is important for many basic and applied questions in ecology and evolutionary biology. The magnitudes and even the directions of these effects can be influenced by various factors, especially by the current and historical population size (i.e. inbreeding rate). Using Drosophila littoralis as a model species, we studied the effect of inbreeding rate over a range of inbreeding levels on (i) mean fitness of a population (relative to that of an outbred control population), (ii) within‐population inbreeding depression (reduction in fitness of offspring fro…

population sizePopulation fragmentationgenetic distanceOutbreeding depressionGenetic purgingOriginal ArticlesBiologysymbols.namesakeEffective population sizeInbred strainEvolutionary biologyGeneticsInbreeding depressionsymbolsta1181interpopulation hybridizationgenetic driftGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesInbreedingEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAllee effectgenetic divergence
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Effects of pyrolysis temperature on the hydrologically relevant porosity of willow biochar

2018

Biochar pore space consists of porosity of multiple length scales. In direct water holding applications like water storage for plant water uptake, the main interest is in micrometre-range porosity since these pores are able to store water that is easily available for plants. Gas adsorption measurements which are commonly used to characterize the physical pore structure of biochars are not able to quantify this pore-size range. While pyrogenetic porosity (i.e. pores formed during pyrolysis process) tends to increase with elevated process temperature, it is uncertain whether this change affects the pore space capable to store plant available water. In this study, we characterized biochar poro…

porosityMaterials scienceFOS: Physical sciencesApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)010501 environmental sciencesRaw materialkuivatislaus01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistryhuokoisuusAdsorptionimage analysisBiocharmedicinebiocharta216CharcoalPorosityta2180105 earth and related environmental sciencesCondensed Matter - Materials Sciencex-ray tomographybiohiilita114Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Physics - Applied Physics04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesAtmospheric temperature rangeslow pyrolysisWater retentionFuel TechnologykuvantaminenChemical engineeringvisual_artkuva-analyysi040103 agronomy & agriculturevisual_art.visual_art_medium0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesmedicine.symptomPyrolysis
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Bandi vivi

2014

The processes of institutionalization and objectification of post-agricultural can be made clearer by deconstructing and making the procedures triggered by the application of rules imposed by the transnational bureaucratic machine of the European Union problematic and conflicting. The construction of competitive narratives between local and global, which according to the dominant rhetoric would produce unequivocal locality, defined in its relational and contextual aspects, are the basis of the institutionalized development aid system which, just like in colonialism, becomes a field of cultural protest and construction of the neighborhood ethnorami.

post-agricultural intangible heritage European Union
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Influence of different dehydration levels on volatile profiles, phenolic contents and skin hardness of alkaline pre-treated grapes cv Muscat of Alexa…

2020

A dehydration experiment was carried out on Vitis vinifera L. cv Muscat of Alexandria (synonym Zibibbo) following the process for the production of renowned special dessert wines produced on Pantelleria island (Sicily, Italy). Harvested berries were pre-treated in a sodium hydroxide dipping solution (45 g/L, dipped for 185 s, 25 &deg

postharvest dehydrationHealth (social science)linaloolPlant Sciencelcsh:Chemical technology01 natural sciencesHealth Professions (miscellaneous)Microbiologychemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyLinaloolNerolmedicinelcsh:TP1-1185Dehydrationalkaline pre-treatmentAromaCitronellolWinearoma compoundaroma compoundsbiology010401 analytical chemistryfood and beveragesSettore AGR/15 - Scienze E Tecnologie Alimentari04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseasealkaline pre-treatments040401 food science0104 chemical sciencesHorticulturePassito winechemistrySodium hydroxideZibibbo<i>Passito</i> wineGeraniolFood Science
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Physico-chemical characterisation of a non-conventional food protein source from earthworms and sensory impact in arepas

2009

International audience; This study aimed to characterise a non-conventional protein source: a powder made from earthworms, and to evaluate its potential use as human food. The way it was prepared led to low solubility and wide particle size distribution. Sensory analysis was used to assess the acceptability and the organoleptic properties of maize-based pan-cakes fortified with this novel protein powder. Satisfying products were obtained with a substitution level of 5.5% (w/w) earthworm powder in pan-cakes. GC-MS allowed the identification of more than seventy volatile compounds that may be responsible for the off-odour of the powder. The most abundant chemical groups found in the volatile …

powdersketones030309 nutrition & dieteticsfood fortificationsensory evaluationOrganolepticFraction (chemistry)Sensory analysisHexanalphysico-chemical propertiesflavour biogenesisBiomass utilisationnutritive valueIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringnon-conventional proteins03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnology[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringaldehydeschemical compositionFood scienceSolubilityChemical compositionFlavor0303 health sciencesbiologyChemistryEarthworm04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesorganoleptic traitsbiology.organism_classification040401 food sciencefood acceptabilityFood Science
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Prowadzenie pozarolniczej działalności gospodarczej jako tytuł ubezpieczeń społecznych - wybrane zagadnienia

2021

Prowadzenie pozarolniczej działalności gospodarczej stanowi szczególny tytuł ubezpieczeń społecznych. Wynika to z faktu, że w zakresie podlegania ubezpieczeniom społecznym wyłącznie przedsiębiorcy (spośród wszystkich osób prowadzących pozarolniczą działalność) posiadają uprawnienia do okresowego wyłączenia obowiązku ubezpieczeń społecznych oraz zawieszenia wykonywania działalności gospodarczej, nie tylko z powodu sprawowania osobistej opieki nad dzieckiem. Z kolei w sferze opłacania składek na ubezpieczenia społeczne istnieją trzy sposoby ustalania podstawy wymiaru składek z tego tytułu (podstawa zwykła, preferencyjna i uzależniona od dochodu). Ogólnie należy stwierdzić, że prowadzenie poza…

pozarolnicza działalność gospodarczatitle of social insurancecontribution calculation basispodstawa wymiaru składekEntrepreneurtytuł ubezpieczeń społecznychnon-agricultural business activityPrzedsiębiorcasuspension of business activityzawieszenie wykonywania działalności gospodarczejRoczniki Administracji i Prawa
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Hard to catch: Experimental evidence supports evasive mimicry

2021

Most research on aposematism has focused on chemically defended prey, but the signalling difficulty of capture remains poorly explored. Similar to classical Batesian and Müllerian mimicry related to distastefulness, such ‘evasive aposematism' may also lead to convergence in warning colours, known as evasive mimicry. A prime candidate group for evasive mimicry areAdelphabutterflies, which are agile insects and show remarkable colour pattern convergence. We tested the ability of naive blue tits to learn to avoid and generalizeAdelphawing patterns associated with the difficulty of capture and compared their response to that of birds that learned to associate the same wing patterns with distast…

prey defence0106 biological sciencesEvolutionComputer scienceAposematismModels Biological010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMüllerian mimicryPredationSongbirds03 medical and health sciencesAvoidance learningGeneralization (learning)AnimalsWings AnimalGeneral Environmental Science030304 developmental biology[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment0303 health sciencesWingconvergenceGeneral Immunology and Microbiologybiology[SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biologyBiological MimicryGeneral MedicineAdelphabiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionBatesian mimicrypredator learningEvolutionary biologyPredatory Behavior1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyMimicryevasive aposematismAdelphaGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesdistastefulnessButterflies
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Priming effect increases with depth in a boreal forest soil

2016

Abstract Climate warming increases labile carbon (C) inputs to soil through increased photosynthesis and C allocation belowground. This could counterintuitively lead to losses of soil C via priming effects (PE): the stimulation of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition caused by labile C addition. Systematic quantification of PEs in different ecosystems is needed. We measured PEs of free-living soil microbes in different layers of a boreal forest soil, and found that the relative magnitude of the PE increased with soil depth. The relationship between relative PE and the added glucose amount also depended on the soil layer. Our results indicate that the decomposition of SOM in deeper soil l…

priming effect010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesta1172Soil Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementSoil sciencePhotosynthesiscomplex mixtures01 natural sciencesMicrobiologyboreal forest soilOrganic matterEcosystem0105 earth and related environmental scienceschemistry.chemical_classificationRhizosphereChemistrySoil organic matterTaigata118304 agricultural and veterinary sciences15. Life on landNitrogenC & N interactionsclimate change13. Climate action040103 agronomy & agricultureta11810401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesSoil horizonSoil biology & biochemistry
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Closed tank pneumatic press application to improve Sauvignon Blanc wine quality and nutraceutical properties

2019

The machines used in the winemaking process directly affect the quality of wine and its nutraceutical properties. Grapes-pressing is a very important step in winemaking as it may promote the presence and/or absence of enzymatic processes on the must, leading to the creation of different products in terms of chemical composition, starting from the same grapes. The aim of the study was to compare two different pressing systems of Sauvignon Blanc grapes using an innovative pneumatic discontinuous closed tank press in two operating modes: the traditional pressing mode in presence of oxygen and the inert pressing mode, performed through grapes pressing under inert gas with nitrogen recovery. Che…

principal component analysismedia_common.quotation_subjectBioengineering030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering040501 horticulturelcsh:Agriculture03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNutraceuticalwinemaking.Quality (business)lcsh:Agriculture (General)Inert gasBrowning reactionWinemakingmedia_commoninert atmosphere low-oxygen must pressing principal component analysis winemakingPressingWineInertMechanical Engineeringlcsh:SSettore AGR/09 - Meccanica AgrariaInert pressingmust and wine04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesPulp and paper industrylcsh:S1-972Environmental science0405 other agricultural sciencesJournal of Agricultural Engineering
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Challenges Associated with Byproducts Valorization—Comparison Study of Safety Parameters of Ultrasonicated and Fermented Plant-Based Byproducts

2020

In order to promote the efficient use of byproducts from the production of plant-based beverages, which still contain a large amount of nutritional and functional compounds, microbiological and chemical safety characteristics should be evaluated and, if needed, improved. Many challenges are associated with byproducts valorization, and the most important ones, which should be taken into account at the further steps of valorization, are biological and chemical safety. For safety improving, several technological treatments (biological, physical etc.) can be used. In this study, the influence of low-frequency ultrasonication (US) and fermentation with Lactobacillus casei LUHS210 strain, as phys…

processing byproductsLactobacillus caseiHealth (social science)Sonicationbiogenic aminesPlant Sciencelcsh:Chemical technology01 natural sciencesHealth Professions (miscellaneous)MicrobiologyultrasonicationArticlechemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyChemical safetymycotoxinslcsh:TP1-1185Food scienceMycotoxinfermentationbiologyChemistry010401 analytical chemistryfood and beveragesPlant based04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classification040401 food science0104 chemical sciencesprocessing byproducts ; press cakes ; mycotoxins ; biogenic amines ; fermentation ; ultrasonicationComparison studyFermentationpress cakesFood ScienceFoods
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