Search results for "Alcohol"

EL alcoholismo en las últimas clasificaciones : clasificación Internacional CIE 10

2000

A punto de partir de una percepción sistémica de las drogodependencias, el autor hace una valoración clínico epidemiológica de la significación social de la más relevante de las drogadicciones y enfatiza el alcoholismo, que valora como la más trascendente adicción de la actualidad y como uno de los mayores problemas de salud en muchos países, desarrollados o no.Comenta algunos criterios operativos para identificar los distintos comportamientos posibles ante el alcohol y posteriormente destacar el significado del alcohol como "droga portera", y hace un intento por transcribir las diferentes categorías diagnósticas del CIE 10 fundamentalmente.Destaca finalmente la categoría "consumo de riesgo…

L'utilizzo di alcool in adolescenza tra aspettative e compiti evolutivi

2011

In letteratura (Maggiolini A.,et al.,2004) è presente un accordo nel considerare la fase dell’adolescenza come un momento di transizione caratterizzato da profondi cambiamenti interni e nel rapporto con lo spazio sociale. I compiti evolutivi, che caratterizzano questa fase, sono fortemente influenzati dal periodo storico e socio-culturale in cui l’adolescente si trova a vivere. Nel contesto odierno, il processo di risimbolizzazione del Sé e di soggettivazione della propria identità pone gli adolescenti di fronte ad una complessità e molteplicità di prospettive che se da un lato offrono la possibilità di avere di fronte originali e molteplici strade di costruzione del proprio sé, dall’altro …

Prowadzenie pojazdu mechanicznego w stanie po użyciu alkoholu lub w stanie nietrzeźwości : zagadnienia wybrane

2015

Sequential Iron-Catalyzed C(sp2)–C(sp3) Cross-Coupling of Chlorobenzamides/Chemoselective Amide Reduction and Reductive Deuteration to Benzylic Alcoh…

2023

Benzylic alcohols are among the most important intermediates in organic synthesis. Recently, the use of abundant metals has attracted significant attention due to the issues with the scarcity of platinum group metals. Herein, we report a sequential method for the synthesis of benzylic alcohols by a merger of iron catalyzed cross-coupling and highly chemoselective reduction of benzamides promoted by sodium dispersion in the presence of alcoholic donors. The method has been further extended to the synthesis of deuterated benzylic alcohols. The iron-catalyzed Kumada cross-coupling exploits the high stability of benzamide bonds, enabling challenging C(sp2)–C(sp3) cross-coupling with alkyl Grign…

Influence of aroma compounds on the mechanical properties of pectin gels.

2004

A detailed study of the rheological behavior of pectin gels, in the presence of aroma compounds in food concentration is reported. In high methoxylated pectin (HMP) gels, it has not yet been shown if aroma compounds can be responsible for modifications in rheology. Two rheological techniques were used to measure the impact of aroma substances on rheological properties of HMP-based systems. Maximum strain to fracture (sigma F) was compared between flavored and unflavored gels on stress-displacement curve, which was obtained with uniaxial compression until fracture. An oscillatory rheometer was applied to determine the gelation time (Tgel). It appeared that all the aroma compounds studied inc…

Retinoid dynamics in chicken eye during pre- and postnatal development.

1994

Changes in the steady state level of retinols, retinaldehydes and retinyl esters in the trans and 11-cis forms and trans retinoic acid were measured in whole chicken eye during development from day 6 in ovo to day 3 post-hatch. These retinoids, quantified by different HPLC systems, were detected in this time sequence: trans-retinol and trans-retinyl esters in the first week in ovo, 11-cis-retinol in the second week. The highest level of 11-cis-retinaldehyde and 11-cis-retinyl esters was reached at the end of development in ovo; however, their levels increased further after hatching. The retinoic acid level decreased at the end of the first week, rising again at the end of the second week. T…

Plant Extracts as Antimicrobial Agents in Sustainable Conservation of Erythrina caffra (Fabaceae) Historical Trees

2023

Microbial colonization plays a relevant role in the biodegradation and biodeterioration of cultural and natural heritage, representing a revealing problem in conservation strategy. In this study, the essential oil (EO) and hydro-alcoholic extract (HAE) of Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae), an aromatic perennial plant, representative of the Mediterranean basin, growing spontaneously and cultivated all over the world, were analysed. Natural products, such as essential oil and hydroalcoholic extract, have strong antiseptic and antimicrobial properties and are ad hoc applied for the sustainable conservation of Erithryna caffra (Fabaceae). The main taxa revealed in the damaging of these arboreal h…

Temperature effect on solubility of aroma compounds in various aqueous solutions

2005

International audience; Solubility of nine aroma compounds (methyl ketones, ethyl esters, aldehyde and alcohol) in various aqueous solutions was measured by the mutual solubility method from -10 to +10degreesC. Influence of both, the nature (carbohydrates and polyols) and the substrate concentration (from 0 to 57.5g/100g) on aroma solubility in aqueous solutions was studied. Aroma solubility in water decreased when aroma hydrophobicity increased. Aroma solubility in various aqueous solutions decreased when substrate concentration increased; their solubility was higher in polyols solutions than in polysaccharides ones. Temperature effect on aroma solubility showed a noncontinuous evolution f…

Kilka uwag o alkoholu i tytoniu w życiu żołnierzy polskich w XVII w. i w pierwszej połowie XVIII w

2017

For centuries alcohol had constituted a key component of soldiers’ diet. As early as in ancient times, health benefits of wine and its impact on human body were appreciated, foremostly its germicidal properties. Probably alcohol was popular among soldier of the first Piasts or knight of the time of regional disintegration, time of king Władysław 1 the Elbow-high, Casimir the Great or kings of the Jagiellonian dynasty. It may be presumed that the former only drank beer, however, knights in XIV-XV treated it as a common everyday beverage, relishing wine for special occassions and during feasts. In XVI century the list of alcoholic beverages was enriched by vodka - aqua vitae. In the first hal…

Nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics and phenotypic outcomes of dietary low-dose alcohol consumption in the suppression and induction of cancer development: …

2020

It is known that the intake of alcoholic beverages may impair genetic and epigenetic regulatory events with consequent crucial effects on cell phenotypes and that its association with selected genotypes can lead to a different risk of cancer in the population. The aim of this review is to pick up selected studies on this topic and recapitulate some of the biochemical and nutrigenetic/nutrigenomic aspects involved in the impact of dietary low-dose alcohol consumption on the switching-on or -off of tumorigenic pathways. These include i) the existence of predisposing or protective human genotypes and the relationship between dietary compounds and alcohol in the promotion or inhibition of carci…