Search results for "Alcohol"
showing 10 items of 1798 documents
Factors associated with the subjective health complaints among adolescents: Results from the ASSO Project
2019
Objectives. Subjective health complaints (e.g. headache and feeling low) are common among adolescents. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with the subjective health of adolescents from a population-based point of view. Material and methods. A sample of 712 students was recruited within the web-based Project ASSO (Adolescents and Surveillance System for the Obesity prevention), funded by the Italian Ministry of Health and piloted in Palermo. A 0-100 quantitative score (arbitrarily named "psychosomatic malaise index") based on the frequency of occurrence of seven subjective health complaints was created and used as outcome; socio-demographic characteristics, me…
Mechanisms inactivating the gene for E-cadherin in sporadic gastric carcinomas
2006
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause for elevated liver enzymes in the developed nations. Beyond prevention programs which are of particular interest because of the increasing number of overweight children, treatment should be focussed on the most important risk factors, obesity and insulin resistance. As a consequence of elucidating the pathomechanisms of NAFLD, the number of potential therapeutic options increased. However, many studies investigating the therapeutic effect show shortcomings in at least one of the following points: lack of a serial liver biopsy, short term of treatment and limited number of included patients. The second generation insulin sensi…
Fat and liver transplantation: clinical implications
2018
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with or without hepatocellular carcinoma, is a growing indication for liver transplantation (LT) worldwide, particularly in the Western world. Patients with NASH typically combine features of metabolic syndrome with cardiovascular comorbidities, which challenge pre-LT evaluation, surgical approaches, post-LT management, and outcomes. Post-LT survival in NASH patients is excellent, similar to that achieved with other indications, particularly in the absence of cardiovascular comorbidities. Although disease recurrence on the liver allograft is common, progression to advanced disease is uncommon, at least in the short term. Whether this holds true with long…
Acute Effect of Alcohol Intake on Cardiovascular Autonomic Regulation During the First Hours of Sleep in a Large Real-World Sample of Finnish Employe…
2018
Background Sleep is fundamental for good health, and poor sleep has been associated with negative health outcomes. Alcohol consumption is a universal health behavior associated with poor sleep. In controlled laboratory studies, alcohol intake has been shown to alter physiology and disturb sleep homeostasis and architecture. The association between acute alcohol intake and physiological changes has not yet been studied in noncontrolled real-world settings. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effects of alcohol intake on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) during sleep in a large noncontrolled sample of Finnish employees. Methods From a larger cohort, this study included 4098 su…
Revision of AUDIT Consumption Items to Improve the Screening of Youth Binge Drinking
2017
This study analyzes the appropriateness of an improved version of one of the most frequently used instruments for the screening of high-risk alcohol consumption. This adaptation was created in accordance with certain limitations recognized by other researchers and in an attempt to adjust the content and scales of some items to a more consensual definition of binge drinking. After revising items 2 and 3, the areas under the ROC curves of the AUDIT and of different abbreviated versions were calculated. A total of 906 minors (468 females) between the ages of 15 and 17 were evaluated. Stratified sampling was conducted on a population of high school students in the city of Valencia (Spain). One …
Efectos del Binge Drinking sobre variables fisiológicas y cognitivas (memoria visual inmediata y memoria de trabajo) en adolescentes.
2016
El etanol es la droga dura legal más consumida en España. El uso y abuso de esta sustancia ocasiona múltiples consecuencias sociales y sanitarias por lo que se trata de uno de los problemas de salud pública más importantes tanto a nivel nacional como a nivel mundial. En muchos países, entre los que se encuentra España, el porcentaje de adolescentes que consumen alcohol es alarmante, con prevalencia de un nuevo patrón de consumo de alcohol al que coloquialmente se ha denominado “botellón” o Binge Drinking (BD) en inglés. Este patrón de consumo intensivo o en “atracón” de alcohol se caracteriza por la ingesta de grandes cantidades de alcohol de alta graduación en cortos espacios de tiempo (po…
Profiles of mental well- and ill-being among elite athletes: Associations with sport-related demands and resources
2022
The aim of the present study was to identify profiles of elite athlete mental well- and ill-being and study how the profiles (i.e., subgroups of athletes) differed in sport-related demands and resources. A total of 259 Finnish elite athletes (n = 170 active and n = 89 retired) completed quantitative self-report inventories. Through cluster analysis, four profiles of mental well- and ill-being were identified. Profile 1 was overrepresented by retired, older, and male athletes, and characterized by good mental well-being. Profile 2 consisted mainly of active athletes who reported mild risk for alcohol abuse. Profile 3 consisted mainly of women who displayed possible presence of an eating diso…
Fractal-like Hierarchical CuO Nano/Microstructures for Large-Surface-to-Volume-Ratio Dip Catalysts
2022
Dip catalysts are attracting interest in both academia and industry for catalyzing important chemical reactions. These provide excellent stability, better recoverability, recyclability, and easy scale-up. Using the unique microstructures of leaf skeletons, we present a fractal-like hierarchical surface that can be used as a versatile and efficient dip catalyst. Copper oxide microcactuses with nanoscalar features were fabricated onto the Bauhinia racemosa leaf skeletons via a combination of physical vapor deposition, electroplating, and chemical oxidation methods. The coated leaf skeletons have a very high surface area, and the three-dimensional (3D) morphology allows the reactants to encoun…
Motivation for participation in rehab therapy and stress-coping styles in alcohol dependent women and men = Motywacja do udziału w terapii i style ra…
2020
Wprowadzenie: Przedstawiono przegląd literatury z zakresu stylów radzenia sobie ze stresem i motywacji do uczestnictwa w terapii w grupie kobiet i mężczyzn uzależnionych od alkoholu. Wywnioskowano, że dotychczasowe dane empirycznie pozwalają na zaobserwowanie zróżnicowania ze względu na płeć, ale nie umożliwiają stworzenia jednoznacznych modeli w zakresie motywacji i radzenia sobie ze stresem przez kobiety i mężczyzn. Materiał i metody: W badaniu wzięło udział 90 ochotników (33 K i 57 M) w wieku od 22 do 70 lat (M = 43,70; SD = 11,26), uczęszczających na terapię uzależnień (M = 7,97 miesięcy; SD = 5,76) do ośrodka leczenia uzależnień na Górnym Śląsku. Respondenci wypełnili metryczkę, Kwesti…
Estudio y evaluación de la estabilidad del alcohol etílico en muestras de sangre almacenadas en condiciones de temperatura de congelación
2015
La determinación del alcohol etílico es una de las analíticas más solicitadas en la toxicología forense y su implicación médico legal es de gran importancia. El alcohol etílico es una sustancia volátil y su estabilidad está influenciada por una serie de factores y/o variables, como son condiciones preanalíticas no adecuadas, difusión y redistribución postmortem y generación o pérdidas de alcohol etílico. En base a estos hechos, se ha planteado la presente Tesis ya que las condiciones de almacenamiento de las muestras de sangre constituyen un factor importante en la estabilidad del alcohol etílico y, por consiguiente, puede influir a la hora de informar un resultado fiable y válido cuando se…