Search results for "Alcohol"
showing 10 items of 1798 documents
Gas—liquid chromatographic analyses
1984
Abstract The gas chromatography (GC) of n -alkyl acetates (CH 3 COOR), chloroacetates (CH 2 ClCOOR), dichloroacetates (CHCl 2 COOR) and trichloroacetates (CCl 3 COOR), where the alcohol chain length (R) varied between 1 and 8, and certain of their monochlorinated derivatives, 176 compounds altogether, has been studied on SE-30 and OV-351 glass capillary columns under the same operating conditions. The isomeric monochlorinated esters are eluted in direct order from the 1- chloro to the ω-chloro isomer, the separation of the isomers being complete on OV- 351. On SE-30, however, the peaks of the 6- and 7-chlorooctyl esters are partly overlapped. The separation of the mixtures of odd- and e…
Selective photocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural in aqueous suspension of polymeric carbon nitride and its adduct with H2O2 in a sola…
2018
Abstract This work reports a study on the reactivity of polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) and PCN-H2O2 adduct samples for sunlight photocatalytic selective oxidation reactions. The characterization of these materials was reported in a previous paper where the reactivity towards the partial oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was studied by using two different laboratory scale photoreactors; one irradiated by UV lamps and the other one by natural sunlight. In the present study it has been confirmed the effectiveness of these C3N4 based materials for the selective partial oxidation of HMF to FDC (2,5-furandicarboxaldehyde) in aqueous medium in a pilot plant photoreactor irradiated by natu…
Regulation of the acetaldehyde concentration in culture medium during the fermentation of glucose by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1970
Die Konzentration an Acetaldehyd im Medium wahrend der anaeroben Vergarung von Glucose durch Saccharomyces cerevisiae weist in der logarithmischen Wachstumsphase die hochsten Werte auf. Die Induktion der Pyruvatdecarboxylase durch Glucose fordert die Akkumulation von Acetaldehyd, der ins Medium diffundiert. Hefestamme, die unterschiedlich viel Acetaldehyd bilden, unterscheiden sich in ihren Pyruvatdecarboxylaseaktivitaten. Diese engen Beziehungen zwischen Pyruvatdecarboxylase und Acetaldehydproduktion deuten auf die Kontrollfunktion der Pyruvatdecarboxylase bei der Acetaldehydakkumulation hin. Hohere Aktivitaten der Alkoholdehydrogenase verringern die Acetaldehydakkumulation, wodurch sich e…
Competitive Binding of Aroma Compounds by β-Cyclodextrin
2001
Retention of six aroma compounds has been studied after dehydration of ternary mixtures of aroma water and beta-cyclodextrin. A maximal retention of a mole of aroma per mole of beta-cyclodextrin has been observed for five of the aroma compounds, whereas retention of benzyl alcohol can be twice as high. Retention of a mixture of aroma compounds has also been studied. It has been noted that when volatile compounds compete for the same binding sites on beta-cyclodextrin, ethyl hexanoate, 2-methylbutyric acid, and benzyl alcohol are, respectively, better retained than ethyl propionate, hexanoic acid, and hexanol. Preferential retention observed with esters can be simply explained by their diffe…
SGLT2 Inhibitors as the Most Promising Influencers on the Outcome of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
2022
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most frequent liver disease in the Western world, is a common hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). A specific cure has not yet been identified, and its treatment is currently based on risk factor therapy. Given that the initial accumulation of triglycerides in the liver parenchyma, in the presence of inflammatory processes, mitochondrial dysfunction, lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity, and oxidative stress, can evolve into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The main goal is to identify the factors contributing to this evolution because, once established, untreated NASH can progress through fibrosis to cirrhosis and, ultimately, be co…
Epicardial Fat, Cardiac Geometry and Cardiac Function in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Association with the Severity of Liver Disea…
2015
Background & Aims Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk, including coronary artery disease and cardiac dysfunction. In addition, recent evidence highlighted the possible role of epicardial fat as a new cardiometabolic risk factor. We tested the correlation between epicardial fat, alterations in cardiac geometry and function, and severity of liver damage, in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. Methods The anthropometric, biochemical and metabolic features were recorded in 147 consecutive biopsy-proven NAFLD cases (Kleiner score). Epicardial fat thickness was measured by echocardiography. Results Epicardial fat was higher in patients w…
PNPLA3 GG genotype and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
2013
Background and Aim To evaluate if the presence of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with NAFLD, could be related to gene variants influencing hepatic fat accumulation and the severity of liver damage. Methods We recorded anthropometric, metabolic and histological data(Kleiner score) of 162 consecutive, biopsy-proven Sicilian NAFLD patients. Intima-media thickness(IMT), IMT thickening(IMT≥1 mm) and carotid plaques(focal thickening of >1.3 mm at the level of common carotid artery) were evaluated using ultrasonography. IL28B rs12979860 C>T, PNPLA3 rs738409 C>G, GCKR rs780094 C>T, LYPLAL1 rs12137855 C>T, and NCAN rs2228603 C>T single nucleotide polymorphisms were also assessed. The results we…
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Cardiovascular Risk, and Carotid Inflammation.
2015
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined by excessive triglycerides (TGs) accumulation in the liver (>5% of hepatocytes histologically) in the absence of alcohol excess. The NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. The NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are now the number one cause of liver disease in Western countries. The prevalence of NAFLD is increasing but is underreported, and the epidemiology and demographic characteristics vary worldwide. The prevalence is increasing because of the rising occurrence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM); in fact, NAFLD is considered as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Nonalcoho…
Au/CeO2 Photocatalyst for the Selective Oxidation of Aromatic Alcohols in Water under UV, Visible and Solar Irradiation
2021
Au nanoparticles supported on CeO2 have been prepared and investigated as photocatalysts for the photocatalytic selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol and 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol to the correspondent benzaldehydes, in aqueous suspensions and room conditions under UV, visible and natural solar light irradiation. Au nanoparticles have been supported by impregnation (1 and 3 wt.%) on two types of CeO2 (i.e., a commercial one and a home prepared oxide obtained in the presence of NaOH as precipitation agent). The Au impregnated samples showed strong visible radiation absorption at 565–570 nm associated to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The bare CeO2 samples are activated by UV light …
Long-chain fatty alcohols from pomace olive oil modulate the release of proinflammatory mediators
2009
Pomace olive oil is a by-product of olive oil extraction that is traditionally produced and consumed in Spain. The nonglyceride matter of this oil is a good source of interesting minor compounds, like long-chain fatty alcohols, which are present free or as part of waxes. In the present study, long-chain fatty alcohols were isolated from the nonglyceride fraction of pomace olive oil, and the composition was identified and quantified. The major components of long-chain fatty alcohols were tetracosanol, hexacosanol and octacosanol. We investigated the ability of long-chain fatty alcohols from pomace olive oil to inhibit the release of different proinflammatory mediators in vitro by cells invol…