Search results for "Algorithms"

showing 10 items of 1716 documents

Optical experiments on a crystallizing hard-sphere–polymer mixture at coexistence

2010

We report on the crystallization kinetics in an entropically attractive colloidal system using a combination of time resolved scattering methods and microscopy. Hard sphere particles are polystyrene microgels swollen in a good solvent (radius a=380nm, starting volume fraction 0.534) with the short ranged attractions induced by the presence of short polymer chains (radius of gyration rg = 3nm, starting volume fraction 0.0224). After crystallization, stacking faulted face centred cubic crystals coexist with about 5% of melt remaining in the grain boundaries. From the Bragg scattering signal we infer the amount of crystalline material, the average crystallite size and the number density of cry…

Optics and PhotonicsOsmosisMaterials sciencePolymersBiophysicsFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matterlaw.inventionOpticslawPressureScattering RadiationCrystallizationMicroscopyCondensed matter physicsScatteringbusiness.industryBragg's lawEquipment DesignCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterKineticsVolume fractionRadius of gyrationPolystyrenesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Grain boundaryCrystalliteSmall-angle scatteringCrystallizationbusinessGelsAlgorithmsPhysical Review E
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Simultaneous remote extraction of multiple speech sources and heart beats from secondary speckles pattern

2009

The ability of dynamic extraction of remote sounds is very appealing. In this manuscript we propose an optical approach allowing the extraction and the separation of remote sound sources. The approach is very modular and it does not apply any constraints regarding the relative position of the sound sources and the detection device. The optical setup doing the detection is very simple and versatile. The principle is to observe the movement of the secondary speckle patterns that are generated on top of the target when it is illuminated by a spot of laser beam. Proper adaption of the imaging optics allows following the temporal trajectories of those speckles and extracting the sound signals ou…

Optics and PhotonicsSound SpectrographyTime FactorsBackscatterComputer scienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONImage processingBlind signal separationSpeech AcousticsSpeckle patternOpticsPosition (vector)HumansScattering RadiationComputer SimulationModels StatisticalFourier AnalysisPixelbusiness.industrySignal Processing Computer-AssistedEquipment DesignMyocardial ContractionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNeural Networks ComputerbusinessPhase modulationAlgorithmsSoftwareOptics Express
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Birth of the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoclusters

2013

Gold nanoclusters protected by a thiolate monolayer (MPC) are widely studied for their potential applications in site-specific bioconjugate labeling, sensing, drug delivery, and molecular electronics. Several MPCs with 1-2 nm metal cores are currently known to have a well-defined molecular structure, and they serve as an important link between molecularly dispersed gold and colloidal gold to understand the size-dependent electronic and optical properties. Here, we show by using an ab initio method together with atomistic models for experimentally observed thiolate-stabilized gold clusters how collective electronic excitations change when the gold core of the MPC grows from 1.5 to 2.0 nm. A …

Optics and PhotonicsSurface PropertiesMetal NanoparticlesGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnologyBiosensing TechniquesLigandsNanoclustersMetalMonolayerNanotechnologyGeneral Materials ScienceColloidsParticle SizeSurface plasmon resonancePlasmonta214ta114ChemistryGeneral EngineeringResonanceMolecular electronicsSurface Plasmon ResonanceNanostructuresColloidal goldvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGoldElectronicsAlgorithmsSoftwareACS Nano
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Optimization of a polarization imaging system for 3D measurements of transparent objects

2009

This paper presents a multispectral imaging system for 3D reconstruction of transparent objects based on "shape from polarization" technique. The originality of this work relies on a multispectral active lighting system which enables to cope with the two ambiguities on the zenith angle and azimuth angle. A calibration step allows optimising the polarimetric measurements. Example of a reconstructed transparent object is presented.

Optics and PhotonicsTime FactorsLightbusiness.industryComputer science3D reconstructionMultispectral imagePolarimetryReproducibility of ResultsEquipment DesignPolarization (waves)AutomationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAutomationImaging Three-DimensionalOpticsAttenuation coefficientCalibrationMicroscopy PolarizationbusinessAlgorithmsZenithOptics Express
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Optimal Design of Piezoelectric Cantilevered Actuators for Charge-Based Self-Sensing Applications

2019

Charge-based Self-Sensing Actuation (SSA) is a cost and space-saving method for accurate piezoelectric based-actuator positioning. However, the performance of its implementation resides in the choice of its geometry and the properties of the constituent materials. This paper intends to analyze the charge-based SSA&rsquo

Optimal design0209 industrial biotechnologyCantileverComputer sciencemicro-/nano-robotsMultiphysics[INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS]designMechanical engineering02 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technology01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArticle[SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/AutomaticAnalytical Chemistry020901 industrial engineering & automation0103 physical scienceslcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentation010302 applied physicsself-sensing actuationFunction (mathematics)PiezoelectricityAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputer Science::OtherParametric modelActuatoroptimizationpiezoelectric actuators and sensorsSensors
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Optimum design and operation of primary sludge fermentation schemes for volatile fatty acids production.

2003

This paper presents a model-knowledge based algorithm for optimising the primary sludge fermentation process design and operation. This is a recently used method to obtain the volatile fatty acids (VFA), needed to improve biological nutrient removal processes, directly from the raw wastewater. The proposed algorithm consists in a heuristic reasoning algorithm based on the expert knowledge of the process. Only effluent VFA and the sludge blanket height (SBH) have to be set as design criteria, and the optimisation algorithm obtains the minimum return sludge and waste sludge flow rates which fulfil those design criteria. A pilot plant fed with municipal raw wastewater was operated in order to …

Optimal designEngineeringEnvironmental EngineeringWaste managementSewagebusiness.industryEcological ModelingProcess designFatty Acids VolatilePollutionWaste Disposal FluidAnaerobic digestionPilot plantWastewaterFacility Design and ConstructionFermentationProduction (economics)FermentationbusinessProcess engineeringWaste Management and DisposalEffluentAlgorithmsWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural EngineeringWater research
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An abstract inf-sup problem inspired by limit analysis in perfect plasticity and related applications

2020

This work is concerned with an abstract inf-sup problem generated by a bilinear Lagrangian and convex constraints. We study the conditions that guarantee no gap between the inf-sup and related sup-inf problems. The key assumption introduced in the paper generalizes the well-known Babuska-Brezzi condition. It is based on an inf-sup condition defined for convex cones in function spaces. We also apply a regularization method convenient for solving the inf-sup problem and derive a computable majorant of the critical (inf-sup) value, which can be used in a posteriori error analysis of numerical results. Results obtained for the abstract problem are applied to continuum mechanics. In particular, …

Optimization and Control (math.OC)TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYFOS: MathematicsMathematics - Optimization and ControlMathematics::Numerical Analysis
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A combinatorial algorithm for the optimization of refraction seismics data inversion

1993

Abstract The problem of data inversion in refraction seismics can be split in two parts: data first must be preprocessed in order to determine the travel-time curve; this essentially is a geometrical problem, complicated, however, by its pattern recognition aspects. Once the geometrical problem is solved, the second part, the inversion proper, is straightforward, as the soil layering model can be calculated according to well-known algorithms. The more difficult part of the problem is the former, which implies a type of pattern recognition; because of this type of difficulty, the geometrical part of the problem usually is committed to the skill of a human operator. This paper describes an al…

Optimization problemCombinatorial optimizationInversion (meteorology)Human operatorComputers in Earth SciencesCombinatorial algorithmsAlgorithmInformation SystemsMathematicsComputers & Geosciences
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Heuristics for solving the parameter tuning problem in motion cueing algorithms.

2017

[ES] Diversos tipos de plataformas robóticas son empleadas habitualmente para la generación de claves gravito-inerciales en simuladores. Además del control de los actuadores, dichas plataformas deben ejecutar complejos algoritmos de control conocidos como algoritmos de washout, que deben ser ajustados para que el movimiento generado sea similar al simulado. El ajuste de dichos algoritmos es complejo por el elevado número de parámetros que poseen. Además, dicho ajuste se ha venido realizando tradicionalmente de modo manual mediante evaluaciones subjetivas. En este trabajo, los autores proponen un método automático de ajuste basado en optimización heurística, métricas objetivas, y simulación …

Optimization0209 industrial biotechnologyEngineeringGeneral Computer ScienceMotion cueing algorithmsHeuristic (computer science)02 engineering and technologyTuningOptimizaciónMotion (physics)03 medical and health sciences020901 industrial engineering & automation0302 clinical medicineGenetic algorithmIn vehicleHeuristicsMotion platformsbusiness.industryRoboticsAlgoritmos de controlHeurísticasControl and Systems EngineeringAjuste de parámetrosArtificial intelligencebusinessRobóticaSimuladores030217 neurology & neurosurgerySimulationPlataformas de movimiento
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A system-level mathematical model of Basal Ganglia motor-circuit for kinematic planning of arm movements

2017

International audience; In this paper, a novel system-level mathematical model of the Basal Ganglia (BG) for kinematic planning, is proposed. An arm composed of several segments presents a geometric redundancy. Thus, selecting one trajectory among an infinite number of possible ones requires overcoming redundancy, according to some kinds of optimization. Solving this optimization is assumed to be the function of BG in planning. In the proposed model, first, a mathematical solution of kinematic planning is proposed for movements of a redundant arm in a plane, based on minimizing energy consumption. Next, the function of each part in the model is interpreted as a possible role of a nucleus of…

Optimization0301 basic medicineComputer scienceDopamineParkinson's diseaseModels NeurologicalHealth InformaticsKinematicsCross productIndirect pathway of movementBasal Ganglia03 medical and health sciencesMathematical model0302 clinical medicineControl theoryRedundancy (engineering)HumansVector calculusSimulationKinematic planningComputational BiologyParkinson DiseaseFunction (mathematics)Biomechanical PhenomenaComputer Science Applications030104 developmental biology[ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]ArmTrajectoryVector calculusRotation (mathematics)Algorithms030217 neurology & neurosurgeryComputers in Biology and Medicine
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