Search results for "Algorithms"

showing 10 items of 1716 documents

Quantum Algorithms for Some Strings Problems Based on Quantum String Comparator

2022

We study algorithms for solving three problems on strings. These are sorting of n strings of length k, “the Most Frequent String Search Problem”, and “searching intersection of two sequences of strings”. We construct quantum algorithms that are faster than classical (randomized or deterministic) counterparts for each of these problems. The quantum algorithms are based on the quantum procedure for comparing two strings of length k in O(k) queries. The first problem is sorting n strings of length k. We show that classical complexity of the problem is Θ(nk) for constant size alphabet, but our quantum algorithm has O˜(nk) complexity. The second one is searching the most frequent string among n …

High Energy Physics::Theoryquantum computation; quantum algorithms; string processing; sortingstring processingGeneral Mathematicsquantum computationComputer Science (miscellaneous)MathematicsofComputing_GENERALQA1-939Engineering (miscellaneous)quantum algorithmssortingMathematicsMathematics
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Beyond the functional matrix hypothesis: a network null model of human skull growth for the formation of bone articulations.

2014

Craniofacial sutures and synchondroses form the boundaries among bones in the human skull, providing functional, developmental and evolutionary information. Bone articulations in the skull arise due to interactions between genetic regulatory mechanisms and epigenetic factors such as functional matrices (soft tissues and cranial cavities), which mediate bone growth. These matrices are largely acknowledged for their influence on shaping the bones of the skull; however, it is not fully understood to what extent functional matrices mediate the formation of bone articulations. Aiming to identify whether or not functional matrices are key developmental factors guiding the formation of bone articu…

HistologyBone MatrixBiologyModels BiologicalFacial BonesHead skeletonHuman skullmedicineHumansCraniofacialMolecular BiologyProcess (anatomy)Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsBone growthBone DevelopmentNull modelSkullCell BiologyAnatomyCranial SuturesOriginal ArticlesFunctional matrix hypothesisBiological EvolutionSkullmedicine.anatomical_structureAnatomyNeuroscienceAlgorithmsDevelopmental BiologyJournal of anatomy
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First hitting time for a diffusion

2021

In this thesis, we focus our attention on the generation of the first exit time or the first passage time for diffusions in a one-dimensional context.In the first chapter, we present already well-known methods in order to generate such random variables. We particularly introduce the WOMS algorithm. This algorithm permits the generation of an approximation of the time needed by the Brownian motion in order to exit from a given interval.In the second and third chapters, we explain how to extend the previous algorithm in order to deal with diffusions strongly linked to the one-dimensional Brownian motion. We first consider the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, and then we consider a wide class of di…

Hitting timeAlgorithmesProcessus markoviens[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Markovian processesTemps d'atteinte[PHYS.MPHY] Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Algorithms
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Roadmap on digital holography [Invited]

2021

This Roadmap article on digital holography provides an overview of a vast array of research activities in the field of digital holography. The paper consists of a series of 25 sections from the prominent experts in digital holography presenting various aspects of the field on sensing, 3D imaging and displays, virtual and augmented reality, microscopy, cell identification, tomography, label-free live cell imaging, and other applications. Each section represents the vision of its author to describe the significant progress, potential impact, important developments, and challenging issues in the field of digital holography.

HolografiaComputer scienceCèl·lulesCellsHolography02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesField (computer science)Visualització tridimensional010309 opticsOpticsImaging Three-DimensionalComputer graphics (images)Lab-On-A-Chip Devices0103 physical sciencesMedical imagingAnimalsHumansTomographyPotential impactbusiness.industryVirtual RealityMicrofluidic Analytical Techniques021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsHigh-Throughput Screening AssaysAugmented realityThree-dimensional display systems0210 nano-technologybusinessDigital holographyAlgorithms
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Standard Vs Uniform Binary Search and Their Variants in Learned Static Indexing: The Case of the Searching on Sorted Data Benchmarking Software Platf…

2023

Learned Indexes are a novel approach to search in a sorted table. A model is used to predict an interval in which to search into and a Binary Search routine is used to finalize the search. They are quite effective. For the final stage, usually, the lower_bound routine of the Standard C++ library is used, although this is more of a natural choice rather than a requirement. However, recent studies, that do not use Machine Learning predictions, indicate that other implementations of Binary Search or variants, namely k-ary Search, are better suited to take advantage of the features offered by modern computer architectures. With the use of the Searching on Sorted Sets SOSD Learned Indexing bench…

I.2FOS: Computer and information sciencesComputer Science - Machine Learninglearned index structuresH.2Databases (cs.DB)search on sorted data platformComputer Science - Information RetrievalMachine Learning (cs.LG)E.1; I.2; H.2Computer Science - Databasesbinary search variantsComputer Science - Data Structures and AlgorithmsData Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)E.1algorithms with predictionSoftwareInformation Retrieval (cs.IR)
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Dominating Clasp of the Financial Sector Revealed by Partial Correlation Analysis of the Stock Market

2010

What are the dominant stocks which drive the correlations present among stocks traded in a stock market? Can a correlation analysis provide an answer to this question? In the past, correlation based networks have been proposed as a tool to uncover the underlying backbone of the market. Correlation based networks represent the stocks and their relationships, which are then investigated using different network theory methodologies. Here we introduce a new concept to tackle the above question--the partial correlation network. Partial correlation is a measure of how the correlation between two variables, e.g., stock returns, is affected by a third variable. By using it we define a proxy of stoc…

INFORMATIONEconomicsPORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATIONEconomic Modelslcsh:MedicineNetwork theorySocial and Behavioral SciencesFinancial correlationStock exchangeMicroeconomicsEconometricsEconomicslcsh:ScienceMathematical ComputingMarketingMultidisciplinarySystems BiologyApplied MathematicsPhysicsStatisticsComplex SystemsMathematical EconomicsModels EconomicInterdisciplinary PhysicsAlgorithmsResearch ArticleCORRELATION-BASED NETWORKS; PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION; CORRELATION-MATRICES; TIME-SERIES; INFORMATIONNew YorkTIME-SERIESHumansInvestmentsStatistical MethodsCorrelation swapBiologyStructure of MarketsStock (geology)Partial correlationCORRELATION-BASED NETWORKSRegulatory NetworksModels Statisticallcsh:RFinancial marketComputational BiologyIndustrial OrganizationModels TheoreticalCORRELATION-MATRICESlcsh:QStock marketMathematicsForecasting
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A novel framework for MR image segmentation and quantification by using MedGA

2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Image segmentation represents one of the most challenging issues in medical image analysis to distinguish among different adjacent tissues in a body part. In this context, appropriate image pre-processing tools can improve the result accuracy achieved by computer-assisted segmentation methods. Taking into consideration images with a bimodal intensity distribution, image binarization can be used to classify the input pictorial data into two classes, given a threshold intensity value. Unfortunately, adaptive thresholding techniques for two-class segmentation work properly only for images characterized by bimodal histograms. We aim at overcoming these limitations and…

ING-INF/06 - BIOINGEGNERIA ELETTRONICA E INFORMATICAAdaptive thresholding; Bimodal intensity distribution; Evolutionary computation; Image pre-processing; Magnetic Resonance imaging; Quantitative medical imagingComputer scienceAdaptive thresholdingImage ProcessingDecision MakingNeurosurgeryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONHealth InformaticsContext (language use)Adaptive thresholding; Bimodal intensity distribution; Evolutionary computation; Image pre-processing; Magnetic Resonance imaging; Quantitative medical imaging; Algorithms; Brain Neoplasms; Computer Simulation; Decision Making; Female; Humans; Image Processing Computer-Assisted; Leiomyoma; Neurosurgery; Radiosurgery; Software; Magnetic Resonance ImagingEvolutionary computationRadiosurgeryING-INF/05 - SISTEMI DI ELABORAZIONE DELLE INFORMAZIONI030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesComputer-Assisted0302 clinical medicineHistogramQuantitative medical imagingmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansSegmentationComputer SimulationHistogram equalizationmedicine.diagnostic_testLeiomyomaSettore INF/01 - Informaticabusiness.industryBrain NeoplasmsINF/01 - INFORMATICAMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionImage segmentationThresholdingComputer Science ApplicationsBimodal intensity distributionImage pre-processingTransformation (function)Magnetic Resonance imagingFemaleArtificial intelligencebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithmsSoftware
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Fine Alignment of Thermographic Images for Robotic Inspection of Parts with Complex Geometries

2022

Increasing the efficiency of the quality control phase in industrial production lines through automation is a rapidly growing trend. In non-destructive testing, active thermography techniques are known for their suitability to allow rapid non-contact and full-field inspections. The robotic manipulation of the thermographic instrumentation enables the possibility of performing inspections of large components with complex geometries by collecting multiple thermographic images from optimal positions. The robotisation of the thermographic inspection is highly desirable to improve assessment speed and repeatability without compromising inspection accuracy. Although integrating a robotic setup fo…

Image alignmentRobotic Surgical ProceduresThermographyimage blendingrobotics; thermography; non-destructive testing; image alignment; image blendingnon-destructive testingRoboticsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringBiochemistryInstrumentationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAlgorithmsAnalytical ChemistrySensors
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Software for automated application of a reference-based method fora posterioridetermination of the effective radiographic imaging geometry

2005

Objectives: Presentation and validation of software developed for automated and accurate application of a reference-based algorithm (reference sphere method: RSM) inferring the effective imaging geometry from quantitative radiographic image analysis. Methods: The software uses modern pattern recognition and computer vision algorithms adapted for the particular application of automated detection of the reference sphere shadows (ellipses) with subpixel accuracy. It applies the RSM algorithm to the shadows detected, thereby providing threedimensional Cartesian coordinates of the spheres. If the three sphere centres do not lie on one line, they uniquely determine the imaging geometry. Accuracy …

Image formationSoftware ValidationImage registrationGeometryMandibleEllipsePattern Recognition Automatedlaw.inventionImaging Three-DimensionalSoftwareArtificial IntelligenceSoftware DesignlawImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansSuperimpositionRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCartesian coordinate systemGeneral DentistryMathematicsbusiness.industryRadiography Dental DigitalGeneral MedicineSubpixel renderingOtorhinolaryngologyCalibrationLine (geometry)businessAlgorithmsSoftwareDentomaxillofacial Radiology
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Multifacet structure of observed reconstructed integral images.

2005

Three-dimensional images generated by an integral imaging system suffer from degradations in the form of grid of multiple facets. This multifacet structure breaks the continuity of the observed image and therefore reduces its visual quality. We perform an analysis of this effect and present the guidelines in the design of lenslet imaging parameters for optimization of viewing conditions with respect to the multifacet degradation. We consider the optimization of the system in terms of field of view, observer position and pupil function, lenslet parameters, and type of reconstruction. Numerical tests are presented to verify the theoretical analysis.

Image qualityComputer scienceInformation Storage and RetrievalField of viewIterative reconstructionLensletModels BiologicalSensitivity and SpecificityUser-Computer InterfaceOpticsImaging Three-DimensionalArtificial IntelligencePupil functionImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedComputer GraphicsHumansComputer SimulationIntegral imagingModels Statisticalbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsObserver (special relativity)GridImage EnhancementAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsVisual PerceptionComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionbusinessAlgorithmsJournal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision
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