Search results for "Alzheimer's"
showing 10 items of 308 documents
PROTON MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN DEMENTIA OF ALZHEIMER TYPE
1997
Reduced N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and increased myo-inositol (MI) levels have been reported in patients with dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT) in comparison with controls. We wished to assess the validity of these findings and to evaluate possible correlations of metabolite proportions with cognitive dysfunction in DAT. Twelve patients with DAT and 10 healthy age-matched controls were included. The severity of dementia was assessed using different scales including the Mini-Mental State Examination. MRS was performed with a conventional 1.5 Tesla scanner in a single voxel in the centrum semi-ovale (TE = 30 ms or TE = 136 ms; TR = 1500 ms). The evaluation of MRS results was limited by low inter…
Gruppentherapeutische Frühintervention für Patienten im Frühstadium der Alzheimererkrankung und deren Angehörige - Eine Pilotstudie
2008
Subject Pilot study on an early-interventional group therapy for patients with incipient Alzheimer disease and their relatives. The present study investigates whether scientific progress in terms of earlier time of diagnostic certainty can be used for psychoeducation, maintenance of positive activities and prevention of comorbid depressive episodes. Methods 12 patients (66.8 +/- 5.8 years, MMSE 24.0 +/- 4.0) together with 12 relatives have been treated with a bi-weekly group therapy program. Results For the patients treatment resulted in reduced anxiety, anergia and withdrawal, for their relatives reduced sleep disturbances, irascibility, and aggressiveness have been found. Only one of the …
The lyon clinical olfactory test: validation and measurement of hyposmia and anosmia in healthy and diseased populations.
2011
; International audience; The LCOT is a self-administered test designed to assess olfactory deficits. Altogether, 525 subjects contributed to the validation. Elderly participants were well represented in this sample. In a validation study (study 1), 407 healthy and 17 anosmic volunteers between 15 and 91 years of age underwent threshold, supraliminal detection, and identification testing. Cutoff values for normosmia and hyposmia were calculated and applied in a second study in a group of patients with smell complaints and in a group of Alzheimer patients with age-matched controls. Incidence of smell deficit was estimated at 5.6% in the healthy population of study 1, and at 16% in the elder…
Weight loss in Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies: Impact on mortality and hospitalization by dementia subtype
2021
Objectives Loss of weight is associated with cognitive decline as well as several adverse outcomes in dementia. The aim of this study was to assess whether weight loss is associated with mortality and hospitalization in dementia subtypes. Methods A cohort of 11,607 patients with dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) was assembled from a large dementia care health records database in Southeast London. A natural language processing algorithm was developed to established whether loss of weight was recorded around the time of dementia diagnosis. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to examine the associations of reported weight l…
Selected Age-Related Disorders
2013
Aged human individuals are frequently affected by various age-related impairments and disorders at once (multimorbidity) making it difficult to investigate and understand the link between aging as key risk factor and single syndromes. In some chapters of this book links have been identified between molecular mechanisms of aging and the pathogenesis of human disorders in the elderly. Here, the focus is put on Alzheimers disease (AD) and cancer. While cancer in many cases can successfully be treated and sometimes even cured by pharmacology and/or surgery, AD is still an incurable deadly disease. Like almost no other disorder the onset of AD is strictly associated with higher age and experienc…
Vasomotor reactivity in dementia of alzheimer type
1994
The objective of this study was to examine the cerebral blood flow and the vasomotor function of CO2-responsive intracerebral vessels in Alzheimer's disease. Patients met DSM-III-R criteria for dementia of Alzheimer type and had neither symptoms nor signs of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease. Blood flow velocities in both middle cerebral arteries (MCA) were recorded using transcranial Doppler sonography during hypercapnia, normocapnia and hypocapnia. Several psychometric tests were performed. Patients' age, disease duration and severity of dementia did not correlate with vasomotor reactivity. Exploratory analysis revealed that mean flow velocities under hypercapnia correlated with s…
Potential Involvement of Impaired Venous Outflow from the Brain in Neurodegeneration: Lessons Learned from the Research on Chronic Cerebrospinal Veno…
2019
About 10 years ago, the so-called chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency syndrome was discovered. This clinical entity, which is associated with extracranial venous abnormalities that impair venous outflow from the brain, was initially found exclusively in multiple sclerosis patients. Currently, we know that such venous lesions can also be revealed in other neurological pathologies, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Although direct causative role of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in these neurological diseases still remains elusive, in this paper, we suggest that perhaps an abnormal venous drainage of the brain affects functioning of the glymphatic system, whi…
CHF2819: Pharmacological profile of a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
2002
CHF2819 is a novel orally active acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) developed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). CHF2819 is a selective inhibitor of AChE, it is 115 times more potent against this enzyme than against butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Moreover, CHF2819 is more selective for inhibition of central (brain) AChE than peripheral (heart) AChE. In vivo CHF2819, 0.5, 1.5, and 4.5 mg/kg p.o., significantly and in dose-dependent manner increased acetylcholine (ACh) levels in hippocampus of young adult rats. Moreover, aging animals, with lower basal ACh levels than young adult rats, also exhibit a marked increase in hippocampal levels of this neurotransmitter after administ…
Immune-Inflammatory Responses and Oxidative Stress in Alzheimers Disease: Therapeutic Implications
2010
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous and progressive neurodegenerative disease which in Western society mainly accounts for clinical dementia. AD has been linked to inflammation and oxidative stress. Neuro-pathological hallmarks are senile plaques, resulting from the accumulation of several proteins and an inflammatory reaction around deposits of amyloid, a fibrillar protein, Abeta, product of cleavage of a much larger protein, the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and neurofibrillary tangles. Inflammation clearly occurs in pathologically vulnerable regions of AD and several inflammatory factors influencing AD development, i.e. environmental factors (pro-inflammatory phenotype) an…
SenseCam: A new tool for memory rehabilitation?
2016
International audience; The emergence of life-logging technologies has led neuropsychologist to focus on understanding how this new technology could help patients with memory disorders. Despite the growing number of studies using life-logging technologies, a theoretical framework supporting its effectiveness is lacking. This review focuses on the use of life-logging in the context of memory rehabilitation, particularly the use of SenseCam, a wearable camera allowing passive image capture. In our opinion, reviewing SenseCam images can be effective for memory rehabilitation only if it provides more than an assessment of prior occurrence in ways that reinstates previous thoughts, feelings and …