Search results for "America"

La presencia negra en el Perú

2021

LOS ESCALVOS NEGROS AFRICXANOS HAN SIDO LOS PRINCIPALES PROTAGONISTAS SILENCIOSOS Y NO VISIBILIZADOS EN LA VIDA SOCIAL, ECONOMICA Y CULTURAL EN LA HISTORIA DEL PERU. SIN EMBARGO, A PESAR DE SU POSICION SUBORDINADA, DISCRIMINADA Y SEGREGADA, LOS AFROAMERICANOS TUVIERON LA CAPACIDAD DE INTERACTUAR EN LA ECONOMIA, LAS ARTES, LA RELIGION PERUANAS NO OCASIONALMENTE, SINO DE FORMA HABITAUL, COTIDIANA Y PERMANENTE.

Mixed Messages and Conflicting Loyalties: Reevaluating the Californio Community of San Diego during the Mexican-American War (1846-1848)

2014

An important element in the identity constructs of both sides of the border, the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 is often depicted exclusively through a nationalist perspective, with strong associations of victor and vanquished. This article explores how the Californio community in San Diego was divided during this conflict with active support given to both nations involved. While such a division can be examined and understood in a local context, it poses problems for the national discourses surrounding the acquisition of California by the United States. We wish then to focus on this fratricidal rift that has largely disappeared from the public remembrance of this period, including its ef…

Flow cytometry diagnosis in myelodysplastic syndrome: Current practice in Latin America and comparison with other regions of the world

2019

Background: Flow cytometry (FC) is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We present results of a survey carried out to evaluate FC current practice for MDS diagnosis in Latin America (LA), focusing on markers used and characteristics of the clinical diagnostic report. Compliance to IMDSflow recommendations was also evaluated. These practices were then compared with those used in other countries. Methods: An online survey was sent through the Grupo Latino-Americano de Mielodisplasia to LA cytometrists and other international scientific societies. Results: 91 responses from 15 LA countries were received. The median of the number of markers used was 20 +/- 4.5, …

Cytotoxicity of medicinal plants of the West-Canadian Gwich׳in Native Americans towards sensitive and multidrug-resistant cancer cells

2015

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Traditional medicine of the Native Americans has a long tradition of medicinal plants, which also influenced modern oncology. For instance, podophyllotoxin the active ingredient of Podophyllum peltatum L. (Berberidaceae) used by Native Americans to treat warts led to the development of etoposide and teniposide. In the present investigation, we studied 10 medicinal plants used by the Gwich׳in First Nation of West-Canada, which have been used against diverse diseases including cancer. Material and methods Sensitive and multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumor cell lines expressing various ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters (P-glycoprotein/ ABCB1/MDR1 , MRP1…

Evidence for cryptic glacial refugia from North American mountain sheep mitochondrial DNA

2006

The separation of populations by ice sheets into large refugia can account for much of the genetic diversity found in present day populations. The evolutionary implications of small glacial refugia have not been as thoroughly explored. To examine refugial origins of North American mountain sheep Ovis spp., we analyzed a 604 bp portion of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region from 223 O. dalli and O. canadensis. Major refugia were identified in eastern Beringia and southern North America, and we found evidence for two smaller refugia situated between the Laurentide and Cordilleran glaciers. Our results are the first to demonstrate support for survival of any organism in the latter two…

Biopiracy and the right to self-determination of indigenous peoples.

2018

Abstract Background: Since over thirty years, I work on the unclear legal situation of in which indigenous peoples find themselves today in the beginning mainly in the USA and later also in Canada, Australia and New Zealand. The status of indigenous people and native nations is characterized as a mixture of national and international law. Hypothesis/Purpose: To clarify the status of indigenous people it is necessary to analyze and interpret carefully hundreds of old treaties, international declarations and covenants, national statutes and jurisprudence, especially the old leading decisions of the US-Supreme Court. Such an analysis and interpretation should prove that indigenous people have …

Dolarización panamericana

2001

Childhood cancer:Survival, treatment modalities, late effects and improvements over time

2021

Since the 1960s, paediatric oncologists have gradually become better organised in large study groups and participation in clinical trials is today considered as the standard of care, with most children with cancer in Europe and North America being enrolled on available treatment protocols. Chemotherapy is nowadays the main element of therapy, but irradiation is still required for some patients. With the advent of multimodality therapy and supportive care, five-year cancer survival exceeds 80 % in most European and North American countries today. The substantial improvements in survival led to a constantly growing population of childhood cancer survivors. Concerns regarding the risk of late …

Systems of attention to childhood education in Latin America and The Caribbean (AL & C)

2019

El propósito de este artículo se centra en conocer cómo se estructuran los sistemas educativos de los países de América Latina y la Región de Caribe respecto al tramo de la primera infancia. Se llevó a cabo el análisis de diversos informes internacionales y documentos oficiales sobre los avances de los programas en cuanto a cobertura, inversión, regulaciones, entre otros. La naturaleza de carácter documental de este trabajo permite una aproximación comparada entre los países acerca del modo en que aborda la escolarización de la primera infancia en cada país de la región. Uno de los logros más destacados es el vinculado a la expansión del primer nivel educativo y a la cobertura alcanzada. Ca…

Voicing the Subaltern in African-American and Dalit Women's Autobiographies

2021

This paper aims to analyse two major autobiographies of Dalit women's literature and African American women's writing - Karukku (1992) by Bama Faustina and Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861) by Harriet A. Jacobs - to bring forth the similarities between these two groups of subaltern women. Through the means of autobiography, both writers transmit their own experiences and denounce the gender, race and caste oppression endured. The subaltern theory coined by Antonio Gramsci and developed by Gayatri Spivak will be used to analyse these texts and the way they establish a link between two different worlds as well as how they share the common objective of making their narrators' exclus…