Search results for "Amide"
showing 10 items of 3119 documents
Cross-talk between phosphatidic acid and ceramide during ethanol-induced apoptosis in astrocytes
2005
Background Ethanol inhibits proliferation in astrocytes, an effect that was recently linked to the suppression of phosphatidic acid (PA) formation by phospholipase D (PLD). The present study investigates ethanol's effect on the induction of apoptosis in astrocytes and the formation of ceramide, an apoptotic signal. Evidence is presented that the formation of PA and ceramide may be reciprocally linked during ethanol exposure. Results In cultured rat cortical astrocytes, ethanol (0.3–1 %, v/v) induced nuclear fragmentation and DNA laddering indicative of apoptosis. Concomitantly, in cells prelabeled with [3H]-serine, ethanol caused a dose-dependent, biphasic increase of the [3H]-ceramide/ [3H…
Enhancement of the Mutagenicity of Ethylene Oxide and Several Directly Acting Mutagens by Human Erythrocytes and its Reduction by Xenobiotic Interact…
1999
According to the present state of knowledge mutagenicity or genotoxicity of the ulti mate genotoxic agents ethylene oxide or styrene oxide cannot be increased by further me tabolism. However, in the present study we demonstrate that mutagenicity of several ultimate genotoxic substances is increased by human erythrocytes. For instance mu tagenicity of mafosfamide, N-nitroso-N-methylurea, ethylene oxide, and styrene oxide to Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535 was increased 5.5-, 5.1-, 2.7-, and 2.3-fold, respectively, by addition of human erythrocyte homogenate to the preincubation mixture in the Ames test. On the other hand, the mutagenicity of cumene hydroperoxide, benzo[a]pyrene-4,5-oxide, and…
Chaperonotherapy for Alzheimer’s Disease: Focusing on HSP60
2015
This review will analyze growing evidence suggesting a convergence between two major areas of research: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and chaperonopathies. While AD is a widely recognized medical, public health, and social problem, the chaperonopathies have not yet been acknowledged as a related burden of similar magnitude. However, recent evidence collectively indicates that such possibility exists in that AD, or at least some forms of it, may indeed be a chaperonopathy. The importance of considering this possibility cannot be overemphasized since it provides a novel point of view to examine AD and potentially suggests new therapeutic avenues. In this review, we focus on the mitochondrial chape…
Neutral deoxyribonucleases of HeLa S3 cells: electrophoretic separation, characterization, substrate specificity and mode of action.
1980
Extracts of HeLa S3 cells were electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels; gel slices were eluted and the eluates were assayed for DNase activities against native and denatured DNA substrates in the presence of MgCl2 or Na2EDTA. Aliquots of each eluate were also assayed for their ability to nick the circular supercoiled PM2 phage DNA to distinguish endonucleases from exonucleases. Peaks of endonuclease activities were characterized as forming 3′-phospho-oligonucleotides or 5′-phospho-oligonucleotides by the use of oligonucleotides produced by these enzymes as substrates for the 5′-phosphate-specific snake venom exonuclease. The total activity of DNases in gel eluates was much higher than that i…
Fibroblast growth factor-21 enhances mitochondrial functions and increases the activity of PGC-1α in human dopaminergic neurons via Sirtuin-1
2014
Abstract Mitochondrial dysfunctions accompany several neurodegenerative disorders and contribute to disease pathogenesis among others in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a major regulator of mitochondrial functions and biogenesis, and was suggested as a therapeutic target in PD. PGC-1α is regulated by both transcriptional and posttranslational events involving also the action of growth factors. Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) is a regulator of glucose and fatty acid metabolism in the body but little is known about its action in the brain. We show here that FGF21 increased the levels and activity of PGC-1α and elevated mito…
Analysis of the Modifications in the Spectral and Morphologic Regularity during Ventricular Fibrillation Produced by Physical Exercise and the Use of…
2015
Chronic physical exercise modifies cardiac activity improving response to malignant arrhythmia and, specifically, ventricular fibrillation (VF). Drug administration as glibenclamide, responsible for K + ATP channel blocking, is also generating a positive response against fibrillation.
Using organoclay to promote morphology refinement and co-continuity in high-density polyethylene/polyamide 6 blends – Effect of filler content and po…
2010
We investigate the gradual changes of the microstructure of two blends of high-density polyethylene (HOPE) and polyamide 6 (PA6) at opposite composition filled with increasing amounts of an organo-modified clay. The filler locates preferentially inside the polyamide phase, bringing about radical alterations in the micron-scale arrangement of the polymer phases. When the host polyamide represents the major constituent, a sudden reduction of the average sizes of the polyethylene droplets was observed upon addition of even low amounts of organoclay. A morphology refinement was also noticed at low filler contents when the particles distributes inside the minor phase. In this case, however, keep…
Development of Antioxidant Protein Extracts from Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Side Streams Assisted by Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE)
2021
The pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) technique was used, for the first time, to obtain protein extracts with antioxidant activity from side streams (muscle, heads, viscera, skin, and tailfins) of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) in order to give added value to these underutilized matrices. Extraction conditions previously optimized for sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) side streams were applied. Protein recovery percentages were 22% (muscle), 33% (heads), 78% (viscera), 24% (skin), and 26% (tailfins), which represented an increase of 1.2–4.5-fold compared to control samples (extraction by stirring). The SDS-PAGE profiles revealed that PLE-assisted extraction influenced protein molecular …
Effect of lactic acid fermentation of lupine wholemeal on acrylamide content and quality characteristics of wheat-lupine bread
2013
The effect of supplementing wheat flour at a level of 15% with lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) wholemeal fermented by different lactic acid bacteria on acrylamide content in bread crumb as well as on bread texture and sensory characteristics was analysed. The use of fermented lupine resulted in a lower specific volume and crumb porosity of bread on an average by 14.1% and 10.5%, respectively, while untreated lupine lowered the latter parameters at a higher level (30.8% and 20.7%, respectively). The addition of lupine resulted in a higher by 43.3% acrylamide content compared to wheat bread (19.4 µg/kg dry weight (d.w.)). Results showed that acrylamide was significantly reduced using proteo…
Implementation of multicommutation principle with flow-through multioptosensors
2005
Abstract For the first time, the combination of multicommutation concept with flow-through multioptosensors is exploited and a biparameter multicommutated UV sensor is developed. A very easy-operated and automated sensing device is proposed here and demonstrated to be useful in the routine analysis by applying it to the determination of two widely used pharmaceuticals chosen as model analytes: salicylamide and caffeine. The particulated solid phase used performs two functions: (a) states selectivity conditions by itself in the flow cell and (b) provides appropriate separation of the analytes in the on-line precolumn, thus making possible the sequential arrival of the analytes to the detecti…