Search results for "Amoxicillin"
showing 10 items of 47 documents
Prenatal effects by exposing to amoxicillin on dental enamel in Wistar rats
2012
Amoxicillin is an antibiotic widely prescribed; its most frequent side effects are gastrointestinal disorders and hypersensitivity reactions. Over the last 10 years studies have been published which suggest that amoxicillin may cause dental alterations similar to dental fluorosis. Never the less, the results are not conclusive, this is why it was planned the need to make controlled studies on test animals. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect produced by amoxicillin prenatal administration on dental enamel in Wistar rats. Study Design: 12 pregnant adult rats were used distributed into five different groups: witness control (n=2) didn't get any treatment; negativ…
Effect of antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing infectious complications following impacted mandibular third molar surgery. A randomized controlled t…
2021
Background The objective of this study was to determine the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing postoperative infections after extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Material and Methods A Parallel-group, randomized, blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed. 154 patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups; experimental (n=77) receiving 2g amoxicillin 1 hour prior to surgery and control (n=77) receiving placebo. Primary outcome was postoperative infections and secondary outcome was the need for rescue analgesia. Results 4.5% of patients developed postoperative infections, five patients of the control group (4 alveolar osteitis, 1 surgical site infection) and two of …
Antibiotic susceptibility of cocultures in polymicrobial infections such as peri-implantitis or periodontitis: an in vitro model.
2011
Although polymicrobial infections, such as peri-implantitis or periodontitis, were postulated in the literature to be caused by synergistic effects of bacteria, these effects remain unclear looking at antibiotic susceptibility. The aim of this study is to compare the antibiotic susceptibilities of pure cultures and definite cocultures.Laboratory strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), Capnocytophaga ochracea (Co), and Parvimonas micra (Pm) (previously Peptostreptococcus micros) were cultivated under anaerobic conditions, and their susceptibilities to 10 antibiotics (benzylpenicillin G, ampicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin/sulba…
Aspetti etici e controllo di gestione dei farmaci antibiotici antibatterici
2010
Summary Introduction Antibacterial prescribing practices between 2004 and 2008 were investigated in the P. Giaccone University Hospital in Palermo, Italy to provide a foundation for critical analysis of the appropriateness of health-care resource usage. Materials and methods Antibiotic prescribing practices between 2004 and 2008 were analyzed in the hospital as a whole and in different specialty areas. Results were expressed as defined daily doses (DDD) as a function of bed-days, number of admissions, and Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) points. Results During the study period, increases were observed in the overall DDD per 100 bed-days (68.7 vs. 91.3) and the DDD per admission (4.53 vs. 5.54)…
Nonlinearities in amoxycillin pharmacokinetics. II. Absorption studies in the rat.
1992
Most factors influencing amoxycillin oral absorption are, even today, unknown. Since many dosage schedules have been shown to lead to incomplete absorption, it would be desirable to find a suitable animal model where these factors could be studied in depth. In this paper, it is shown that, in the rat, plasma level curves obtained after oral doses of 7 and 28 mg kg-1 are poorly fitted using first-order absorption kinetics and that the best fit is obtained through the use of an input equation combining zero and first-order kinetics. In contrast, plasma level curves found after intraduodenal administration of amoxycillin solutions (7 mg kg-1) are well fitted by first-order input kinetics. It w…
Treatment of patients with duodenal ulcer positive for helicobacter pylori infection: ranitidine or omeprazole associated with colloidal bismuth subc…
1996
Abstract This study evaluated treatment of patients affected with duodenal ulcer positive for Helicobacter pylori . We compared patients treated with ranitidine plus amoxicillin plus colloidal bismuth subcitrate (n = 20) with patients treated with omeprazole plus amoxicillin plus colloidal bismuth subcitrate (n = 20) with regard to: (1) healing of duodenal ulcer; (2) eradication of H pylori ; and (3) recurrence of ulcer. Baseline and follow-up for 24 months were performed through clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic tests. The ulcer healing rate was 95% in the ranitidine group and 100% in the omeprazole group; the H pylori eradication rate was 90% and 95%, respectively. During follow-up, on…
Antimicrobial prophylaxis in oral surgery and dental procedures
2007
Transient bacteraemia is a known risk factor following oral surgery and invasive dental procedures in patients with altered immune system response and those with a susceptible site of infection (patients with heart valve prostheses or recent joint replacements, etc.) The most commonly isolated aerobic bacteria in postoperative bacteraemia are Streptococcus Viridans. However, other periodontal pathogenic anaerobic bacteria are found in up to 64% in blood cultures (mixed bacteria or anaerobic bacteria alone). Dental pathogenic bacteria do not appear to be covered by standard amoxicillin or clindamycin prophylactic regimens. This is partly due to the fact that these anaerobic bacteria often pr…
Comparative evaluation of anti microbial effects of triple antibiotic paste and amox and its derivatives against E. Faecalis : an in vitro study
2017
Background Enterococcus faecalis is a microorganism commonly detected in asymptomatic, persistent endodontic infections. Triple antibiotic paste has stood the test of time as a proven antibiotic combination against E. Faecalis. However, problems with this include staining of teeth and standardization of the preparation. Thus, the search for better alternatives and better preparation techniques is still on. Aim To observe the potential of combinations [(Amoxicillin+ Metronidazole, Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid + Metronidazole; Amoxicillin and Cloxacillin + Metronidazole)] over Triple Antibiotic Paste. Material and methods Fifty single rooted teeth free from dental caries were selected for the …
High resistance against clindamycin, metronidazole and amoxicillin in Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans isolates of …
2010
Objectives: To test the antimicrobial sensitivity of two periodontal pathogens to a panel of five orally administrable antibiotics in periodontal disease. Study design: A total of 69 isolates of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis were processed using culture and biochemical tests. Selected colonies of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of clindamycin, metronidazole, amoxicillin, moxifloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Results: Susceptibility testing revealed a sensitivity of 100% of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis to moxifloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid but moderate susceptibili…
Antibiotic prescription in the treatment of odontogenic infection by health professionals: a factor to consensus
2011
Objective: To observe the attitude of dentists and family doctors in prescribing antibiotics for the treatment of dental infections. Study Design: A poll was performed to determine the differences in the prescription of antibiotics for the treatment of odontogenic infection by dentists and family doctors of the primary care department of the Catalan Health Care Service. Results: A hundred polls were distributed among family doctors, and another 100 ones among primary care dentists assigned to the Catalan Health Care Service of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Of the total of questionnaires distributed, 63 were retuned and answered from dentists and 71 from family doctors. Eighty-one percent of…