Search results for "Amplifier"

showing 10 items of 239 documents

Physical principles of the amplification of electromagnetic radiation due to negative electron masses in a semiconductor superlattice

2015

In a superlattice placed in crossed electric and magnetic fields, under certain conditions, the inversion of electron population can appear at which the average energy of electrons is above the middle of the miniband and the effective mass of the electron is negative. This is the implementation of the negative effective mass amplifier and generator (NEMAG) in the superlattice. It can result in the amplification and generation of terahertz radiation even in the absence of negative differential conductivity.

PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Condensed matter physicsSolid-state physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114Terahertz radiationAmplifierSuperlatticesemiconductor superlatticeFOS: Physical sciencesfood and beverages02 engineering and technologyElectron021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect01 natural sciencesElectromagnetic radiation3. Good healthMagnetic fieldEffective mass (solid-state physics)0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyJETP Letters
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Control of the speed of a DC motor by employeeing pulse width modulation (PWM) technique

2009

This paper is mainly focused on the technique of pulse width modulation for controlling the speed of a 12 volt DC motor more efficiently. A potentiometer was used to generate a wide variety of pulses. The output of the controlling circuit (Pulse Width) was connected to the second circuit as input for direction control. Here a single push switch was used to change the state (stopforward-stop-reverse) of the DC motor. These two circuits were combined into one for ease of use. Third circuit was designed to measure the speed of the motor by employing an opto-electronic sensor, an amplifier and a two blade fan to interrupt the signal transmission of the sensor. Finally, the output of the sensor …

PhysicsPulse-frequency modulationbusiness.industryDuty cyclePush switchAmplifierElectrical engineeringPotentiometerOscilloscopebusinessDC motorPulse-width modulation2009 12th International Conference on Computers and Information Technology
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Noncritical quadrature squeezing in two-transverse-mode optical parametric oscillators

2010

In this article we explore the quantum properties of a degenerate optical parametric oscillator when it is tuned to the first family of transverse modes at the down-converted frequency. Recently we found [C. Navarrete-Benlloch et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 203601 (2008)] that above threshold a TEM${}_{10}$ mode following a random rotation in the transverse plane emerges in this system (we denote it as the bright mode), breaking thus its rotational invariance. Then, owing to the mode orientation being undetermined, we showed that the phase quadrature of the transverse mode orthogonal to this one (denoted as the dark mode) is perfectly squeezed at any pump level and without an increase in the…

PhysicsQuantum mechanicsDegenerate energy levelsOptical parametric oscillatorRotational invarianceSymmetry breakingParametric oscillatorOptical parametric amplifierAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsTransverse modeSqueezed coherent statePhysical Review A
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Proposal for a permanent magnet system with a constant gradient mechanically adjustable in direction and strength

2016

A design for a permanent magnet system is proposed that generates spatially homogeneous, constant magnetic field gradients, thus creating conditions suitable for MRI without gradient coils and amplifiers. This is achieved by superimposing a weak Halbach quadrupole on a strong Halbach dipole. Rotation of either the quadrupole or the entire magnet assembly can be used to generate two-dimensional images via filtered backprojection. Additionally, the mutual rotation of two quadrupoles can be used to scale the resulting gradient. If both gradients have identical strength the gradient can even be made to vanish. The concept is demonstrated by analytical considerations and FEM simulations. However…

PhysicsRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyScale (ratio)business.industryAmplifierElectrical engineeringMechanics010402 general chemistryRotation01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0104 chemical sciences03 medical and health sciencesDipole0302 clinical medicineHomogeneousMagnetQuadrupoleRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessConstant (mathematics)SpectroscopyConcepts in Magnetic Resonance Part B: Magnetic Resonance Engineering
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Low-noise microvolt level calibrator for measurement of performance of biosignal recording systems

1997

A calibrator, the noise level of which is below the noise level generated in the preamplifier system, was needed for testing and development of a multichannel recording system. A multichannel preamplifier head assembly was used for recording cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar slow potentials and multiunit activity in freely moving cats and restrained rabbits. An inexpensive, battery-powered, lownoise voltage signal generator for calibration of the preamplifiers is described. The circuit provides a square-wave output at a frequency of 10 or 1000 Hz, and the peak-to-peak (p-p) amplitude can be selected at 10, 100, or 1000µV. The measured output noise of the calibrator is below 2µV (p-p, 0.…

PhysicsSignal generatorNoise (signal processing)Preamplifierbusiness.industryAcousticsExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyAmplitudeCalibrationPsychology (miscellaneous)BiosignalOscilloscopeTelecommunicationsbusinessGeneral PsychologyVoltageBehavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers
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Photonically assisted RF generator with incoherent sources

2008

An RF waveform generator operating with incoherent broadband light is successfully implemented. Complex RF ~10 GHz bandwidth waveforms are generated by means of incoherent wavelength-to-time mapping. Our technique can be scaled to the mm-wave range.

PhysicsSignal generatorbusiness.industryBandwidth (signal processing)ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTINGElectrical engineeringBroadband communicationOpticsBroadbandHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSWaveformBroadband amplifiersRadio frequencyPhotonicsbusinessOECC/ACOFT 2008 - Joint Conference of the Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference and the Australian Conference on Optical Fibre Technology
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Reconfigurable RF waveform generation using optical incoherent sources

2008

An RF waveform generator operating with incoherent broadband light is successfully implemented. Complex RF ~10 GHz bandwidth waveforms are generated by means of incoherent wavelength-to-time mapping. Our technique can be scaled to the mm-wave range.

PhysicsSignal generatorbusiness.industryBandwidth (signal processing)ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTINGPulse amplifiersOpticsBroadbandHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSWaveformRadio frequencybusinessMicrowave photonicsPulse-width modulation2008 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics
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Towards high photon-number soft x-ray lasers

2011

We present an experimental design to independently pump two soft X-ray laser media suitable for a seed-amplifier configuration. Both the seed and the amplifier target are operated in the TCE scheme utilizing the DGRIP technique with its intrinsic travelling wave excitation. Controlled injection of the seed X-ray laser into the amplifier medium is realized via a spherical XUV mirror. The experimental design is perfectly appropriate for benchmarking combined simulations of the ARWEN and DeepOne code. A first experiment at the PHELIX laser utilizing this scheme has been conducted, demonstrating signs of amplification and allowing for the direct measurement of the gain life time of a Ni-like si…

PhysicsSoft x rayPhotonbusiness.industryAmplifierPhelixLaserlaw.inventionX-ray laserOpticslawExtreme ultravioletOptoelectronicsbusinessExcitationSPIE Proceedings
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Optimization of soliton transmissions in dispersion-managed fiber links

1998

We propose a simple optimization criterion (including the best launch point position in-between amplifiers) for the design of soliton transmission lines. The present approach is shown to minimize energy scattering from the solitons into the continuum.

PhysicsSoliton transmissionOptical fiberScatteringbusiness.industryWave propagationAmplifierNonlinear opticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsOpticslawDispersion managedSolitonElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsOptics Communications
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A ten-fold divided total absorption Ge(Li) gamma-ray detector

1976

Abstract We have constructed a split-crystal total absorption Ge(Li) gamma-ray spectrometer and special logic electronics for rejecting Compton continuum in spectra. A 10 cm3 planar detector was divided into ten electrically separated detectors by grinding nine parallel slots on the n-surface of the detector. In operation both the n- and p-contacts are isolated from the ground. Using capacitive sharing, most of the released electrical charge is taken from the p-contact into an ordinary pulse amplifier line and analyzed. A small fraction of the charge collected at the n-strips is observed with voltage-sensitive FET-preamplifiers. The following logic electronics provides a gate pulse for the …

PhysicsSpectrum analyzerSpectrometerPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryAmplifierDetectorCompton scatteringGeneral MedicineElectric chargeSpectral lineNuclear physicsOpticsPhase detector characteristicbusinessNuclear Instruments and Methods
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