Search results for "Amplifier"

showing 10 items of 239 documents

The focal plane assembly for the Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit instrument

2016

This paper summarizes a preliminary design concept for the focal plane assembly of the X-ray Integral Field Unit on the Athena spacecraft, an imaging microcalorimeter that will enable high spectral resolution imaging and point-source spectroscopy. The instrument's sensor array will be a ~ 3840-pixel transition edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter array, with a frequency domain multiplexed SQUID readout system allowing this large-format sensor array to be operated within the thermal constraints of the instrument's cryogenic system. A second TES detector will be operated in close proximity to the sensor array to detect cosmic rays and secondary particles passing through the sensor array for off…

CryostatPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAperture01 natural sciencesfrequency division multiplexingfocal plane assemblySettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaOpticsSensor array0103 physical sciencesElectronicSQUID amplifierAthenaOptical and Magnetic MaterialsElectrical and Electronic Engineeringta216010306 general physicsta113010302 applied physicsPhysicsX-IFUta114ta213business.industryStray lightApplied Mathematicstransition edge sensorDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsX-ray microcalorimeterComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionCondensed Matter PhysicsCardinal pointElectromagnetic shieldingcryogenic anti-coincidence detectorX-ray microcalorimeter transition edge sensor cryogenic anti-coincidence detector SQUID amplifier frequency division multiplexing Athena X-IFU focal plane assemblyTransition edge sensorbusinessAthena; cryogenic anti-coincidence detector; focal plane assembly; frequency division multiplexing; SQUID amplifier; transition edge sensor; X-IFU; X-ray microcalorimeter; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSPIE Proceedings
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Proposal of Up-to-Date Standards on Methods of Measuring Noise Parameters of Microwave Transistors

1994

One of the most interesting topics for microrwave community is the characterization of low-noise transistors. After so many years, the Standards suggested by IEEE in 1960 are considered obsolete by the experimenters. A new methodology is here proposed as a standard. To support this proposal, an original measuring system for the complete characterization of microwave transistors in terms of noise, gain and scattering parameters from noise figure measurements only is presented.

Data processingEngineeringNoise measurementbusiness.industryTransistorElectrical engineeringNoise figureLow-noise amplifierCharacterization (materials science)law.inventionNoiselawScattering parametersElectronic engineeringbusiness44th ARFTG Conference Digest
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32×32 winner-take-all matrix with single winner selection

2010

A 32 × 32 winner-take-all (WTA) matrix with single winner selection is introduced. A high-resolution gain-boosted regulated-cascode WTA circuit is used in a first competition stage. Because of the large number of competing cells the possibility of a multiple winners situation arises. A single winner is obtained by means of a digital inhibitory circuit following each WTA analogue amplifier. Simulations show that this mixed analogue-digital circuit achieves its objective with a current resolution of approximately 10 nA (0.8% of the maximum input current in the simulated case). A time response of ?s can be achieved.

Digital electronicsEngineeringArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryAmplifierHigh resolutionWinner-take-allMatrix (mathematics)Time responseElectronic engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessAlgorithmSelection (genetic algorithm)Electronics Letters
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Performance of the Fully Digital FPGA-Based Front-End Electronics for the GALILEO Array

2014

In this work we present the architecture and results of a fully digital Front End Electronics (FEE) read out system developed for the GALILEO array. The FEE system, developed in collaboration with the Advanced Gamma Tracking Array (AGATA) collaboration, is composed of three main blocks: preamplifiers, digitizers and preprocessing electronics. The slow control system contains a custom Linux driver, a dynamic library and a server implementing network services. The digital processing of the data from the GALILEO germanium detectors has demonstrated the capability to achieve an energy resolution of 1.53 per mil at an energy of 1.33 MeV.

Digital electronicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPreamplifierbusiness.industryComputer scienceDetectorFOS: Physical sciencesInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Nuclear Energy and EngineeringControl systemAGATAElectronicsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringGalileo (vibration training)businessField-programmable gate arrayNuclear ExperimentComputer hardwareIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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Digital filtering and analysis for a semiconductor X-ray detector data acquisition

2007

Abstract Pile-up distortion is a major drawback in X-ray spectroscopy at high count rate. Pulse width narrowing with shaping techniques can lead to the reduction of the pile-up distortion, but a low shaping time reduces the noise filtration and leads to a poor energy resolution. Thus, only a best compromise solution between the pile-up and the noise requirements is achievable. The hardware manipulation needed to adjust the parameters of the traditional electronic shaping amplifiers makes it uneasy to tests various settings in different conditions. Digital techniques can help to overcome such difficulties. A digital signal processing and analysis system for X-ray spectroscopy is described in…

Digital shapingPhysicsSemiconductor detectorNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAnalogue electronicsNoise (signal processing)Preamplifierbusiness.industrySignalData acquisitionDistortionX-ray spectroscopyElectronic engineeringbusinessInstrumentationEnergy (signal processing)Digital signal processingPile-upNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Dynamique induite par champ laser femtoseconde intense : alignement moléculaire en milieu gazeux dense et effet Kerr

2011

This thesis is devoted to the study of dynamics induced by intense femtoseconds lasers pulses. The first studied dynamics deals with molecular alignment of CO2-X mixtures (X=CO2, Ar, N2), in dense gases (up to 20 bar). Up to now, this regime has never been studied experimentally. In the field-free regime (after laser/matter interaction), molecular alignment exhibits two components : a permanent alignment and a transient one. The influence of collisions appears through population transfers between rotational states, which leads to a decrease of these two contributions. Permanent alignment relaxation time is only tied to inelastics collisions whereas transient alignment relaxation time is tie…

Effet Kerr électroniqueBiréfringenceBirefringenceLock-in amplifierMolecular alignmentRotational coherenceAlignement moléculaireSpectroscopie[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Détection synchroneFemtosecond pulsesImpulsions femtosecondes[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]DissipationMolécules linéaires[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Cohérence rotationnelleKerrCO2CollisionsLinear moleculesSpectroscopy
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Cryogenic 35GHz pulse ENDOR probehead accommodating large sample sizes: Performance and applications.

2009

The construction and performance of a cryogenic 35GHz pulse electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) probehead for large samples is presented. The resonator is based on a rectangular TE(102) cavity in which the radio frequency (rf) B(2)-field is generated by a two turn saddle ENDOR coil crossing the resonator along the sample axis with minimal distance to the sample tube. An rf power efficiency factor is used to define the B(2)-field strength per square-root of the transmitted rf power over the frequency range 2-180MHz. The distributions of the microwave B(1)- and E(1)-field, and the rf B(2)-field are investigated by electromagnetic field calculations. All dielectrics, the sample tube, and…

Electromagnetic fieldNuclear and High Energy PhysicsIndolesPorphyrinsLarge sample resonatorGlycineBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryIsoindolesPulse EPRHeliumBiochemistryResonatorElectromagnetic FieldsOpticsQ-band probeheadMetalloproteinsOrganometallic CompoundsComputer SimulationElectron nuclear double resonanceChemistryPulsed EPRbusiness.industryRF power amplifierElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyENDORCondensed Matter PhysicsSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Cold TemperatureCoalENDOR resonatorElectromagnetic coilRadio frequencybusinessAlgorithmsMicrowaveJournal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
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A microcontroller-based portable electrocardiograph recorder.

2004

We describe a low cost portable Holler design that can be implemented with off-the-shelf components. The recorder is battery powered and includes a graphical display and keyboard. The recorder is capable of acquiring up to 48 hours of continuous electrocardiogram data at a sample rate of up to 250 Hz.

EngineeringComputer Storage DevicesAmplifiers Electronicbusiness.industryBiomedical EngineeringBattery (vacuum tube)Information Storage and RetrievalContinuous electrocardiogramGraphical displayEquipment DesignEquipment Failure AnalysisMicrocontrollerUser-Computer InterfaceMicrocomputersEmbedded systemElectrocardiography AmbulatoryHumansDiagnosis Computer-AssistedbusinessComputer hardwareAnalog-Digital ConversionIEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering
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Simple equipment to measure biomechanical quantities of muscles and organs which includes a polarity-programmable peak detector

1982

Biomechanical measurements of muscles and organs require appropriate measuring equipment. As far as the static properties are concerned, the excursion of the bender bar of stress should be without force. The bender bar of force, however, ideally should not elongate under load. Because natural frequency is the most important boundary condition, the bender bar should be developed with this in mind. The developed bars imposed an insignificant preload to the muscle or to the organ. The small changes in resistance occurring in the resistance strain gauges affixed to the bars require the use of a highly stable amplifier. A new amplifier was accordingly developed based on the principle of an instr…

EngineeringComputersBar (music)business.industryMusclesAmplifierAcousticsBiomedical EngineeringElectrical engineeringNatural frequencyEquipment DesignPrecision rectifierBiomechanical PhenomenaComputer Science ApplicationsStress (mechanics)AnimalsHumansInstrumentation amplifierAnuraElectronicsbusinessStrain gaugeMuscle ContractionVoltageMedical & Biological Engineering & Computing
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Photovoltaic plant array reconfiguration: Design of a new device

2014

An efficient strategy to improve unequally irradiated PV plants performances is based on the reconfiguration of the connections between the modules. In this paper, an algorithm, for this purpose conceived, is presented. Moreover, the design, realization and finally also the set up of a new reconfiguration system device is fully shown and discussed. The algorithm conceived simulates several possible series-parallel connections under varying irradiation conditions, and determines the optimal modules connection in order to get the maximum output power. In this way, the reconfiguration system may set up the reconfiguration strategy. The reconfiguration system prototype set up, basically consist…

EngineeringMicrocontrollerreconfiguration system devicepower system controlPV power systemSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciTVactuation systemtring PV modules irradiation conditionElectricityArduinounequally irradiated PV plant performanceconditioning systemNew devicehomogeneity conditionmismatch effectOperational amplifiermaximum output powernew device designTransducerpartial shading reconfiguration prototypebusiness.industryreconfiguration system prototype set upPhotovoltaic systemArrayControl reconfigurationControl engineeringoptimal module connectionVoltage measurementeries-parallel connection simulationMicrocontrollerphotovoltaic power systemATmega2560 microcontrollerpower system simulationControl systemacquisition systemmodule connection reconfigurationArduino Mega 2560control systembusinessphotovoltaic plant array reconfigurationreconfiguration strategy
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