Search results for "Amy"

P3‐271: Presenilin‐1 (PS1) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutations present in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease in their response to γ‐secret…

2009

P3‐039: Axonal neuritic pathology induces early presynaptic alterations in ps1/APP Alzheimer's mice hippocampus

2011

Loss of neurons in the hippocampus correlates with memory impairment in AD. Significant early reduction in the numerical density of hippocampal SOM interneurons was found in single (APPswe) and double (APPswe/ PS1dE9 and APPswe/TauP301S-G272V) transgenic models based on APP over expression and amyloid production. However, this inhibitory population was unaffected in age-matched single PS1 and tau transgenic mice as well as nontransgenic controls. Whereas SOM neuron loss in APPswe/PS1dE9 was associated to the onset of extracellular amyloid pathology in double APP/ tau mice this loss preceded plaque formation. Conclusions: As in human AD, somatostatin cell loss is a common early pathological …

Second European Multi-Disciplinary Conference of National Strategies for Chlamydia Trachomatis and Human Papillomavirus (NSCP Conference) in Berlin, …

2013

There is a need for updated guidance on detection, management and surveillance of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis reporting needs to be mandatory in more European countries to aid collection of data. More widespread Chlamydia screening is needed in many countries as this is the only way to reduce complications. The role of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) screening in a situation where the prevalence of HPV infection has dropped significantly was also discussed in the context of the high cost of screening, the need for a relatively complex infrastructure, particularly in developing countries, and falling vaccination costs. An integrated HPV vaccination …

Sleep–wake problems in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: implications for patient management

2012

SUMMARY Sleep–wake problems are frequent, although unrecognized, complications of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Sleep disorders such as insomnia, sleep-disordered breathing and restless legs syndrome have all been reported in patients with ALS, despite the limited number of studies and the small populations investigated so far. Sleep disturbances gradually worsen with disease progression, suggesting a relationship between the severity of disease and the neurodegenerative process. However, poor sleep can also be a consequence of several disturbances such as anxiety, depression, pain, choking, sialorrhea, fasciculations, cramps, nocturia and the inability to get comfortable and move f…

Glutamate and opioid antagonists modulate dopamine levels evoked by innately attractive male chemosignals in the nucleus accumbens of female rats

2017

Sexual chemosignals detected by vomeronasal and olfactory systems mediate intersexual attraction in rodents, and act as a natural reinforcer to them. The mesolimbic pathway processes natural rewards, and the nucleus accumbens receives olfactory information via glutamatergic projections from the amygdala. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of the mesolimbic pathway in the attraction toward sexual chemosignals. Our data show that female rats with no previous experience with males or their chemosignals display an innate preference for male-soiled bedding. Focal administration of the opioid antagonist b-funaltrexamine into the posterior ventral tegmental area does no…

Obstructive sleep apnea and Alzheimer’s disease-related cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in mild cognitive impairment

2020

Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated that sleep-breathing disorders, and especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), can be observed in patients with a higher risk of progression to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent evidence indicates that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD-biomarkers are associated with OSA. In this study, we investigated these associations in a sample of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a condition that is considered the first clinical phase of AD, when patients showed biomarkers consistent with AD pathology. A total of 57 patients (mean age = 66.19; SD = 7.13) with MCI were included in the study. An overnight polysomnography recording was used to assess objec…

Attraction to male pheromones and sexual behaviour show different regulatory mechanisms in female mice.

2004

In rodents, female sexual behaviour is under hormonal control. The attraction females show for male-derived nonvolatile chemicals (pheromones) can be regarded as the first step of this behaviour, but it is unknown whether this attraction is also modulated by sexual steroids. To test this possibility, ovariectomized adult female mice with no experience of chemical signals from adult males were randomly assigned to four groups that received oil (control), progesterone, estradiol (E) or estradiol+progesterone (E+P) injections, respectively. Females were then tested for their attraction to male-soiled bedding and, subsequently, for their proceptive behaviour when confronted to adult males. Fema…

Protective Effects of L- and D-Carnosine on R-Crystallin Amyloid Fibril Formation: Implications for Cataract Disease

2009

Mildly denaturing conditions induce bovine ?-crystallin, the major structural lens protein, to self-assemble into fibrillar structures in vitro. The natural dipeptide L-carnosine has been shown to have potential protective and therapeutic significance in many diseases. Carnosine derivatives have been proposed as potent agents for ophthalmic therapies of senile cataracts and diabetic ocular complications. Here we report the inhibitory effect induced by the peptide (L- and D-enantiomeric form) on ?-crystallin fibrillation and the almost complete restoration of the chaperone activity lost after denaturant and/or heat stress. Scanning force microscopy (SFM), thioflavin T, and a turbidimetry ass…

Tumors preceding ALS onset and ALS: results from a case-control study.

2009

Disentangling the Amyloid Pathways: A Mechanistic Approach to Etiology

2020

Amyloids are fibrillar protein aggregates associated with diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), type II diabetes and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. The process of amyloid polymerization involves three pathological protein transformations; from natively folded conformation to the cross-β conformation, from biophysically soluble to insoluble, and from biologically functional to non-functional. While amyloids share a similar cross-β conformation, the biophysical transformation can either take place spontaneously via a homogeneous nucleation mechanism (HON) or catalytically on an exogenous surface via a heterogeneous nucleation mechanism (HEN). Here, we postulate that…