Search results for "Amy"

Evolution of the Amygdala in Vertebrates

2007

The main aim of this article is to identify the homologues of the different components of the mammalian amygdala in the cerebral hemispheres of non-mammals using, primarily, a topological/embryological perspective. Thus, we first consider two main divisions of the amygdala of mammals, namely the pallial and subpallial (striatopallidal) amygdala. The pallial amygdala includes derivatives of both the lateral and ventral embryonic pallium that in the adult conform layered, superficial areas usually called cortical amygdala, and deep nuclei that conform the basolateral division of the amygdala plus the amygdalohippocampal area (AHA). The components of the subpallial amygdala are usually grouped…

Complement and atherogenesis: The unknown connection

1999

The question why low-density lipoprotein (LDL) stranded in the subendothelium of arteries should acquire the proinflammatory properties that initiate and sustain atherogenesis has puzzled researchers for decades. The most popular concept contends that oxidative processes are crucial because oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) produced in vitro has atherogenic properties and small amounts of it are found in atherosclerotic lesions. Recently, a possible role for vascular infections has also been considered because infectious agents, in particular Chlamydia pneumoniae, are sometimes present in the lesions. Here, evidence is summarized for a different concept of atherogenesis, which evolves from the fact tha…

Non-invasive management of an acute chest infection for a patient with ALS.

2003

We describe a man diagnosed with non-bulbar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who uses 24-h non-invasive ventilator at home, and assisted cough through the use of the mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MAC) device (CoughAssist, J.H. Emerson). This was essential for the removal of bronchial secretions in order to provide successful non-invasive management (and indeed less suffering for the patient) during an acute respiratory tract infection with hypoxemia and failure of manually assisted cough.

Outcome and attitudes toward home tracheostomy ventilation of consecutive patients: a 10-year experience.

2008

Summary Objectives To describe survival, predictors of long-term outcome and attitudes in patients treated at home by tracheostomy-intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (TIPPV) for respiratory failure during a 10-year period (1995–2004). Methods Seventy-seven consecutive patients were treated by TIPPV at home. Patients were divided into three groups: neuromuscular, pulmonary, and non-pulmonary patients. Effects of TIPPV on survival, factors influencing outcome after TIPPV, and attitudes of patients and caregivers regarding mechanical ventilation were studied. Results Forty-one patients (53%) were neuromuscular, 19 (25%) were affected by pulmonary diseases, and 17 (22%) by non-pulmonary…

Serum pentraxin 3 as a clinical biomarker of branch atheromatous disease: a marker of brain ischaemia or an atherotrombosis marker?

2020

Hsp70 and Its Molecular Role in Nervous System Diseases

2011

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are induced in response to many injuries including stroke, neurodegenerative disease, epilepsy, and trauma. The overexpression of one HSP in particular, Hsp70, serves a protective role in several different models of nervous system injury, but has also been linked to a deleterious role in some diseases. Hsp70 functions as a chaperone and protects neurons from protein aggregation and toxicity (Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, polyglutamine diseases, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), protects cells from apoptosis (Parkinson disease), is a stress marker (temporal lobe epilepsy), protects cells from inflammation (cerebral ischemic injury), has an adjuvant role i…

Evaluation of yeasts from Ecuadorian chicha by their performance as starters for alcoholic fermentations in the food industry

2020

Yeasts involved in the spontaneous fermentation of traditional beverages like chicha (indigenous Andean beer) may have the potential to be used as starter cultures to improve the quality and microbiological safety of these products, but also as non-conventional alternatives to other food alcoholic fermentations. In this research, we isolated, identified and characterised yeast strains from four Ecuadorian chichas made by using four different raw materials: rice (RC), oat (OC), grape (GC) and a mixture of seven corn varieties (yamor, YC). Finally, 254 yeast isolates were obtained and identified by molecular methods. Eleven yeast genera and 16 yeast species were identified with relatively few…

Lipofuscin Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s Disease

2011

The primary culprit responsible for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains unknown. Aβ protein has been identified as the main component of amyloid of senile plaques, the hallmark lesion of AD, but it is not definitively established whether the formation of extracellular Aβ deposits is the absolute harbinger of the series of pathological events that hit the brain in the course of sporadic AD. The aim of this paper is to draw attention to a relatively overlooked age-related product, lipofuscin, and advance the hypothesis that its release into the extracellular space following the death of neurons may substantially contribute to the formation of senile plaques. The presence of intraneuronal Aβ, sim…

Aktywność biologiczna Bacillus amyloliquefaciens wobec Fusarium spp. wyizolowanych z pędów szparaga (Asparagus officinalis L.)

2016

Patogeny roślin, takie jak Fusarium spp. to najważniejsze czynniki, które co roku powodują znaczne straty i/lub uszkodzenia produktów rolnych. Celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena in vitro właściwości biologicznych B. amyloliquefaciens wobec F. proliferatum i F. oxysporum wyizolowanych z pędów bielonego szparaga odmiany Grolim. W badaniach uwzględniono: gęstość i wiek hodowli bakterii, rodzaj podłoża oraz wpływ płynu pohodowlanego. Ocenę właściwości antagonistycznych hodowli bakterii 6, 12, 24 i 48- godzinnych przeprowadzono w oparciu o wskaźniki: zdolność kiełkowania zarodników, tempo wzrostu liniowego i indeks tempa wzrostu grzybów z zastosowaniem podłoży PDA oraz szparagowego. Najwięk…

Inflammation, genes and zinc in Alzheimer's disease.

2007

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous and progressive neurodegenerative disease which in Western society mainly accounts for clinical dementia. AD has been linked to inflammation and metal biological pathway. Neuro-pathological hallmarks are senile plaques, resulting from the accumulation of several proteins and an inflammatory reaction around deposits of amyloid, a fibrillar protein, Abeta, product of cleavage of a much larger protein, the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and neurofibrillary tangles. Amyloid deposition, due to the accumulation of Abeta peptide, is the main pathogenetic mechanism. Inflammation clearly occurs in pathologically vulnerable regions of AD and several i…