Search results for "Amy"
showing 10 items of 1486 documents
Amyloid precursor protein in platelets of patients with Alzheimer disease: effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment.
2001
BACKGROUND:Amyloid precursor protein (APP) forms with apparent molecular weights of 130, 110, and 106 kd are present in human platelets. It has been demonstrated that Alzheimer disease (AD) is specifically associated with a decreased APP forms ratio in platelets. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor treatment modifies the ratio of platelet APP forms in patients with AD. PATIENTS AND METHODS:From a large sample of patients with probable AD, 30 with mild to moderate AD were selected. Each patient underwent a clinical evaluation including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and platelet APP forms analysis at baseline and after 30 days. During this interva…
Bipolar disorder: A neural network perspective on a disorder of emotion and motivation
2013
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, chronic disease with a heritability of 60-80%. BD is frequently misdiagnosed due to phenomenological overlap with other psychopathologies, an important issue that calls for the identification of biological and psychological vulnerability and disease markers. Altered structural and functional connectivity, mainly between limbic and prefrontal brain areas, have been proposed to underlie emotional and motivational dysregulation in BD and might represent relevant vulnerability and disease markers. In the present laboratory review we discuss functional and structural neuroimaging findings on emotional and motivational dysregulation from our research group in BD…
Inhalation solutions: which one are allowed to be mixed? Physico-chemical compatibility of drug solutions in nebulizers.
2006
AbstractTherapy of chronic respiratory diseases often involves inhalation therapy with nebulizers. Patients often attempt to shorten the time consuming administration procedure by mixing drug solutions/suspensions for simultaneous inhalation. This article considers the issue of physico-chemical compatibility of admixtures of drug solutions/suspensions in nebulizers.A search of databases, prescribing information and primary literature was conducted to locate literature concerning the physico-chemical compatibility of inhalation solutions/suspensions. This was supplemented by telephone interviews.Admixtures of albuterol with ipratropium and/or cromolyn, of albuterol and budesonide, or tobramy…
Neglected diseases caused by bacterial infections.
2009
Bacterial infections represent a major health problem, especially in third world countries. In endemic regions, large populations of people are greatly affected, but the medical care is very limited. In this review, the neglected diseases buruli ulcer and trachoma are elucidated. Buruli ulcer is caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans which produces an outstanding immunosuppressive toxin mycolactone that induces an ulcerative, necrotic skin disease. Until today, only the combination of rifampin/streptomycin is used to treat buruli ulcer. However, this therapy is ineffective and expensive. Here, we report new findings that suggest pharmaceutical formulations such as rifapentine, in combination with…
Fighting mycobacterial infections by antibiotics, phytochemicals and vaccines.
2011
Buruli ulcer is a neglected disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans and represents the world's third most common mycobacterial infection. It produces the polyketide toxins, mycolactones A, B, C and D, which induce apoptosis and necrosis. Clinical symptoms are subcutaneous nodules, papules, plaques and ulcerating oedemae, which can enlarge and destroy nerves and blood vessels and even invade bones by lymphatic or haematogenous spread (osteomyelitis). Patients usually do not suffer from pain or systematic inflammation. Surgery is the treatment of choice, although recurrence is common and wide surgical excisions including healthy tissues result in significant morbidity. Antibiotic therapy wit…
Use of a logistic model to assess spoilage by Byssochlamys fulva in clarified apple juice
2010
Abstract The percentage P (%) of spoiled bottles (n = 40) of clarified apple juice due to Byssochlamys fulva, was modeled by using a logistic model: P = P max 1 + exp ( k ( τ − t ) ) where Pmax (%) the maximum percentage of spoiled bottles, k (h− 1) a slope parameter and τ (h) the time for P = Pmax/2. Bottles of pasteurized apple juice were inoculated with B. fulva IOC 4518 ascospores for low and high initial loads, 4.8 ± 2.3 ascospores/100 mL and 19.3 ± 4.6 ascospores/100 mL respectively and incubated at 21 °C and 30 °C. Pmax was not significantly different from 100% except for a low initial load at 21 °C. Model parameters were estimated with a good accuracy, RMSE in the range 3.89–7.50. T…
Bioactive compounds from mustard flours for the control of patulin production in wheat tortillas
2016
Abstract Patulin (PAT) is a toxic fungal metabolite produced by Penicillium, Aspergillus and Byssochlamys growing especially in fruit and cereals. PAT exhibits a number of toxic effects in animals and its presence in food is undesirable. In this study the reduction of the mycotoxin PAT produced by a strain of Penicillium expansum, on wheat tortillas was studied using volatile bioactive compounds present in the oriental and yellow mustard flour and also using the standard solution of the antifungal compound allyl isothiocyanate (AIT), developing an active packaging with two different systems of release of those bioactive compounds. Also the kinetic of volatilization of the compounds used in …
Inflammatory Chemokines Expression Variations and Their Receptors in APP/PS1 Mice
2021
Background: In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), an increase in inflammation is distinctive. Amyloid precursor protein plus presenilin-1 (APP/PS1 mice) is a model for this illness. Chemokines secreted by central nervous system (CNS) cells could play multiple important roles in AD. Data looking for the chemokines involved in inflammatory mechanisms are lacking. To understand the changes that occur in the inflammation process in AD, it is necessary to improve strategies to act on specific inflammatory targets. Objective: Chemokines and their receptors involved in phagocytosis, demyelination, chemotaxis, and coagulation were the objective of our study. Methods: Female APPswe/PS1 double-transgenic mice…
Delivering all in one: Antigen-nanocapsule loaded with dual adjuvant yields superadditive effects by DC-directed T cell stimulation
2018
Therapeutic vaccination is and remains a major challenge, particularly in cancer treatment. In this process, the effective activation of dendritic cells by a combination of distinctly acting adjuvants and an antigen is crucial for success. While most common vaccine formulations lack the efficiency to trigger sufficient T cell responses in a therapeutic tumor treatment, nanovaccines offer unique properties to tackle that challenge. Here, we report the stepwise development of a nanocapsule for vaccination approaches, comprising a shell consisting of antigen and loaded with a superadditive adjuvant combination. In a first initial step, we identified the combination of resiquimod (R848) and mur…
Serum pancreatic enzymes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children - A collaborative study of the Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterolo…
1998
Numerous studies have shown pancreatic disease in adult human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, but there are very few reports on pediatric patients. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of increased serum pancreatic enzyme levels and their relationship to clinical manifestations of acute pancreatitis in HIV-infected children.Forty-seven consecutive, symptomatic HIV-infected children (24 male; median age, 7.3 years; range, 1-17 years) and 45 sex- and age-matched controls without gastroenterologic disease were enrolled. In all subjects serum total amylase, pancreatic amylase, and lipase were assayed with commercial kits. The following were recorded: disease progression (CDC …