Search results for "Amy"
showing 10 items of 1486 documents
SERUM CREATINE KINASE LEVEL IN AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS: A USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC AID?
2008
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Rebalancing β-Amyloid-Induced Decrease of ATP Level by Amorphous Nano/Micro Polyphosphate: Suppression of the Neurotoxic Effect of Amyloid β-Protein …
2017
Morbus Alzheimer neuropathology is characterized by an impaired energy homeostasis of brain tissue. We present an approach towards a potential therapy of Alzheimer disease based on the high-energy polymer inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), which physiologically occurs both in the extracellular and in the intracellular space. Rat pheochromocytoma (PC) 12 cells, as well as rat primary cortical neurons were exposed to the Alzheimer peptide Aβ25-35. They were incubated in vitro with polyphosphate (polyP); ortho-phosphate was used as a control. The polymer remained as Na+ salt; or complexed in a stoichiometric ratio to Ca2+ (Na-polyP[Ca2+]); or was processed as amorphous Ca-polyP microparticles (C…
Holo-APP and G-protein-mediated signaling are required for sAPPa-induced activation of the Akt survival pathway
2014
International audience; Accumulating evidence indicates that loss of physiologic amyloid precursor protein (APP) function leads to reduced neuronal plasticity, diminished synaptic signaling and enhanced susceptibility of neurons to cellular stress during brain aging. Here we investigated the neuroprotective function of the soluble APP ectodomain sAPPa (soluble APPa), which is generated by cleavage of APP by a-secretase along the non-amyloidogenic pathway. Recombinant sAPPa protected primary hippocampal neurons and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells from cell death induced by trophic factor deprivation. We show that this protective effect is abrogated in neurons from APP-knockout animals and APP-de…
Notch inhibition restores TRAIL-mediated apoptosis via AP1-dependent upregulation of DR4 and DR5 TRAIL receptors in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.
2013
Notch is a family of transmembrane receptors whose activation through proteolytic cleavage by γ-secretase targets genes which participate in cell development, differentiation and tumorigenesis. Notch signaling is constitutively activated in various cancers, including breast cancer and its upregulation is usually related with poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, targeting Notch signaling with γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) is considered a promising strategy for cancer treatment. We report that the γ-secretase inhibitor-I (GSI-I) sensitizes human breast cancer cells to apoptosis mediated by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). The antiproliferative GSI-I/TRAIL synergi…
Differential diagnosis of histogenetically distinct human epithelial renal tumours with a monoclonal antibody against gamma-glutamyltransferase.
1991
The localization of membrane-bound gamma-glutamyltransferase with monoclonal antibody (mAb) 138H11 proved to be of value for differential diagnosis of renal cancer, since it correlated with the histogenetic profile of human epithelial renal tumors. Immunoreactive gamma-glutamyltransferase was located in the proximal tubule in all normal human kidneys (15/15) examined thus far by both ultrastructural and immunohistochemical techniques. From 68 epithelial renal cancers tested 31/31 clear-cell carcinomas and 15/16 chromophilic carcinomas expressed the target epitope of mAb 138H11. In contrast, 0/11 oncytomas, 0/9 chromophobic carcinomas, and 0/1 Duct-Bellini carcinoma were immunoreactive. Thes…
Lysosomal alterations in heart and liver of mice treated with doxorubicin.
1985
This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of long-term treatment with doxorubicin (DXR) (4mg/kg IV for 5 weeks) on heart and liver lysosomes of mice. We evaluated the variations in both total and "sedimentable" enzyme activity of cathepsin D, which is the major endopeptidase of myocites and probably involved in physiologic and pathologic degradation of actomyosin and mitochondria, and that of acid phosphatase, which is more prominent in interstitial cells. Our results show that marked changes occur in both total and sedimentable enzyme activity of cathepsin D in the heart of treated animals and to a lesser extent in the liver. In contrast, no modification of either total or sedim…
Genomic portrait of a sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis case in a large spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 family
2020
Background: Repeat expansions in the spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) gene ATXN1 increases the risk for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), supporting a relationship between these disorders. We recently reported the co-existence, in a large SCA1 family, of a clinically definite ALS individual bearing an intermediate ATXN1 expansion and SCA1 patients with a full expansion, some of which manifested signs of lower motor neuron involvement. Methods: In this study, we employed a systems biology approach that integrated multiple genomic analyses of the ALS patient and some SCA1 family members. Results: Our analysis identified common and distinctive candidate genes/variants and related biolog…
Anti-inflammatory lipoxin A4 is an endogenous allosteric enhancer of CB1 cannabinoid receptor.
2012
Allosteric modulation of G-protein–coupled receptors represents a key goal of current pharmacology. In particular, endogenous allosteric modulators might represent important targets of interventions aimed at maximizing therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects of drugs. Here we show that the anti-inflammatory lipid lipoxin A 4 is an endogenous allosteric enhancer of the CB 1 cannabinoid receptor. Lipoxin A 4 was detected in brain tissues, did not compete for the orthosteric binding site of the CB 1 receptor (vs. 3 H-SR141716A), and did not alter endocannabinoid metabolism (as opposed to URB597 and MAFP), but it enhanced affinity of anandamide at the CB1 receptor, thereby potentiating …
WIN 55,212-2, agonist of cannabinoid receptors, prevents amyloid β1-42 effects on astrocytes in primary culture
2015
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative illness involving synaptic dysfunction with extracellular accumulation of Aβ1-42 toxic peptide, glial activation, inflammatory response and oxidative stress, can lead to neuronal death. Endogenous cannabinoid system is implicated in physiological and physiopathological events in central nervous system (CNS), and changes in this system are related to many human diseases, including AD. However, studies on the effects of cannabinoids on astrocytes functions are scarce. In primary cultured astrocytes we studied cellular viability using MTT assay. Inflammatory and oxidative stress mediators were determined by ELISA and Western-blot techniques both in…
Importance of Sniff Nasal Pressure (SNIP) as predictor of nocturnal respiratory function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
2019
Background: In ALS, respiratory disturbances during sleep have an important role in the natural history of the disease. Diurnal and nocturnal blood gases are weakly correlated, but nocturnal respiratory disorders are difficult to predict. Aim: To evaluate if SNIP, an important parameter reflecting respiratory muscle strength, is related to nocturnal respiratory disorders and whether it contributes to predict nocturnal blood gas alterations in addition to daytime blood gas levels in ALS. Methods: Forty patients with ALS, after a daytime respiratory function evaluation, including arterial blood gases and SNIP, underwent a polysomnography with transcutaneous capnography (tcPCO2). The patients …