Search results for "Anatomia"

showing 10 items of 1108 documents

Small Bowel Carcinomas in Coeliac or Crohn’s Disease: Clinico-pathological, Molecular, and Prognostic Features. A Study From the Small Bowel Cancer I…

2017

Background and aims An increased risk of small bowel carcinoma [SBC] has been reported in coeliac disease [CD] and Crohn's disease [CrD]. We explored clinico-pathological, molecular, and prognostic features of CD-associated SBC [CD-SBC] and CrD-associated SBC [CrD-SBC] in comparison with sporadic SBC [spo-SBC]. Methods A total of 76 patients undergoing surgical resection for non-familial SBC [26 CD-SBC, 25 CrD-SBC, 25 spo-SBC] were retrospectively enrolled to investigate patients' survival and histological and molecular features including microsatellite instability [MSI] and KRAS/NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, TP53, HER2 gene alterations. Results CD-SBC showed a significantly better sex-, age-, and st…

Male0301 basic medicineNeuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homologOncologySurvivalReceptor ErbB-2Colorectal cancermedicine.disease_causeInflammatory bowel diseaseInflammatory bowel diseasetumour-infiltrating lymphocyteErbB-20302 clinical medicineCrohn DiseaseRetrospective StudieRisk Factors80 and overChildClass I Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinaseAged 80 and overColonic NeoplasmSettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiaCrohn's diseaseMLH1 methylationTumour-infiltrating lymphocytesGastroenterologyGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedPrognosisInflammatory bowel disease; Microsatellite instability; MLH1 promoter methylation; Survival; Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes; Gastroenterology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisColonic NeoplasmsSurvival AnalysiKRASHumanReceptorAdultProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafmedicine.medical_specialtyPrognosiClass I Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesSettore MED/08 - Anatomia PatologicaNOProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)MLH1 promoter methylationYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineCarcinomaHumansMLH1 methylation; inflammatory bowel disease; microsatellite instability; survival; tumour-infiltrating lymphocytesneoplasmsAgedRetrospective StudiesInflammatory bowel disease; Microsatellite instability; MLH1 promoter methylation; Survival; Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Celiac Disease; Child; Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Colonic Neoplasms; Crohn Disease; Humans; Male; Microsatellite Instability; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Receptor ErbB-2; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Survival Analysis; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Young Adult; Gastroenterologybusiness.industryTumour-infiltrating lymphocyteRisk FactorCancerMicrosatellite instabilityinflammatory bowel disease; microsatellite instability; MLH1 promoter methylation; tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes; survivalmedicine.diseaseSurvival Analysiseye diseasesdigestive system diseasesCeliac Disease030104 developmental biologyMicrosatellite instabilityTumor Suppressor Protein p53businessJournal of Crohn's and Colitis
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Can the TLR-4-mediated signaling pathway be "a key inflammatory promoter for sporadic TAA"?

2014

Thoracic aorta shows with advancing age various changes and a progressive deterioration in structure and function. As a result, vascular remodeling (VR) and medial degeneration (MD) occur as pathological entities responsible principally for the sporadic TAA onset. Little is known about their genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms. Recent evidence is proposing the strong role of a chronic immune/inflammatory process in their evocation and progression. Thus, we evaluated the potential role of Toll like receptor- (TLR-) 4-mediated signaling pathway and its polymorphisms in sporadic TAA. Genetic, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses were assessed. Interestingly, the rs4986790 TLR4…

MaleArticle SubjectGenotypeImmunologyAortic DiseasesSettore MED/41 - AnestesiologiaSingle-nucleotide polymorphismAorta ThoracicSettore MED/08 - Anatomia PatologicaBiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideImmune systemPolymorphism (computer science)Genotypelcsh:PathologySettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseAgedToll-like receptorPolymorphism GeneticSettore MED/23 - Chirurgia CardiacaCell BiologyMiddle AgedPhenotypeImmunohistochemistryToll-Like Receptor 4medial degeneration sporadic thoracic aortic aneurysm TLR-4 mediated signaling pathway rs4986790 TLR4 polymorphism translation of genetic immunohistochemical and biochemical data clinical practiceImmunologyTLR4Matrix Metalloproteinase 2FemaleSignal transductionlcsh:RB1-214Research ArticleSignal Transduction
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RORC1 Regulates Tumor-Promoting "Emergency" Granulo-Monocytopoiesis

2015

Cancer-driven granulo-monocytopoiesis stimulates expansion of tumor promoting myeloid populations, mostly myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We identified subsets of MDSCs and TAMs based on the expression of retinoic-acid-related orphan receptor (RORC1/RORγ) in human and mouse tumor bearers. RORC1 orchestrates myelopoiesis by suppressing negative (Socs3 and Bcl3) and promoting positive (C/EBPβ) regulators of granulopoiesis, as well as the key transcriptional mediators of myeloid progenitor commitment and differentiation to the monocytic/macrophage lineage (IRF8 and PU.1). RORC1 supported tumor-promoting innate immunity by protecting MDSCs from …

MaleCancer ResearchMyeloidNeutrophilsMacrophageCellular differentiationApoptosisMonocyteMonocyteshemic and lymphatic diseasesMyeloid CellsSOCS3Myeloid CellMyelopoiesisMice KnockoutMicroscopy ConfocalReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMedicine (all)NeutrophilCell DifferentiationNuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group F Member 3Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line Tumor; Cytokines; Female; Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic; Granulocytes; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Macrophages; Male; Mice 129 Strain; Mice Inbred C57BL; Mice Knockout; Microscopy Confocal; Monocytes; Myeloid Cells; Myelopoiesis; Neoplasms Experimental; Neutrophils; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group F Member 3; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Tumor Burden; Cancer Research; Cell Biology; Oncology; Medicine (all)ImmunohistochemistryTumor BurdenGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticHaematopoiesismedicine.anatomical_structureOncologyCytokinesFemaleMyelopoiesisHumanMice 129 StrainBiologySettore MED/08 - Anatomia PatologicaGranulopoiesisArticleMyelopoiesiCell Line TumormedicineAnimalsHumansCytokineInnate immune systemAnimalMacrophagesApoptosiGranulocyteNeoplasms ExperimentalCell BiologyMice Inbred C57BLImmunologyCancer researchIRF8Granulocytes
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Nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia as consequence of chronic mesothelium irritation by sub-phrenic abscess.

2015

Nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia (NHMH) is a benign localized alteration, first described in 1975 by Rosai in the hernia sac [1]. Few pulmonary cases have been reported in literature [2–6]. Sometimes it has been reported in the pericardium [7,8] or presenting as an inguinal mass [9]. The ‘mesothelial/monocytic incidental cardiac excrescence’, first described by Weinot et al. in 1994 [10] is now considered a similar lesion to NHMH [11]. It consists of a reactive proliferation of histiocytes and mesothelium secondary to chronic irritation and it has been observed in pleura-damaging processes, such as pneumothorax [5], or as consequence of cardiac catheterization, inflammation, mech…

MaleCancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyPleural effusionBiopsySubphrenic abscessPopulationSettore MED/21 - Chirurgia ToracicaSettore MED/08 - Anatomia PatologicaEpitheliumMesothelial hyperplasiaThoracoscopyMedicineHumansmesothelial hyperplasia pleural effusion VATSeducationeducation.field_of_studySubphrenic AbscessHyperplasiamedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryHistiocytesGeneral MedicineHyperplasiaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMesotheliummedicine.anatomical_structureOncologyPleurabusinessLiver abscess
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Overexpression of cyclin D1 and interaction between p27Kip1 and tumour thickness predict lymph node metastases occurrence in lower lip squamous cell …

2005

We have attempted to identify those subgroups of patients most likely to develop lymph node metastases from squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip (LLSSC). A total of 97 subjects, who did not undergo elective neck dissection, were recruited into the 60-month disease-free survival study. After univariate analysis, tumour size, histological grading, maximal thickness, perineural invasion and immunoreactivity to cyclin D1 and p27Kip1 proteins proved to be significant factors. Tests of the effect of interaction between p27Kip1 LI and tumour thickness yielded that the impact of tumour thickness on the risk of lymph node metastases was modified by the percentage of p27Kip1 positive cells. Subse…

MaleCancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyp27Kip1medicine.medical_treatmentPerineural invasionCell Cycle ProteinsSettore MED/08 - Anatomia PatologicaMetastasisLymph node metastasiCyclin D1Squamous cell carcinomaBiomarkers TumorCarcinomaHumansMedicineCyclin D1Lymph nodeTumour thickness.AgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryTumor Suppressor ProteinsNeck dissectionMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistryLymph node metastasis; Squamous cell carcinoma; Lower lip; Cyclin D1; p27Kip1; Tumour thickness.medicine.anatomical_structureOncologyEpidermoid carcinomaLymphatic MetastasisLip NeoplasmsLower lipCarcinoma Squamous CellRegression AnalysisImmunohistochemistryFemaleOral SurgerybusinessCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27Oral Oncology
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Castration-Induced Downregulation of SPARC in Stromal Cells Drives Neuroendocrine Differentiation of Prostate Cancer.

2021

Abstract Fatal neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) of castration-resistant prostate cancer is a recurrent mechanism of resistance to androgen deprivation therapies (ADT) and antiandrogen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) in patients. The design of effective therapies for neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is complicated by limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms governing NED. The paucity of acquired genomic alterations and the deregulation of epigenetic and transcription factors suggest a potential contribution from the microenvironment. In this context, whether ADT/ARPI induces stromal cells to release NED-promoting molecules and the underlying molecular networks are unestablis…

MaleCancer ResearchStromal cellAnimals Biomarkers Tumor Cell Differentiation Cell Line Tumor Coculture Techniques Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP Epigenesis Genetic Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic Humans Male Mice Mice Inbred C57BL Neuroendocrine Cells Osteonectin Prostatic Neoplasms Stromal Cells Transgenes Tumor Microenvironment Down-RegulationDown-RegulationContext (language use)Settore MED/08 - Anatomia PatologicaNeuroendocrine differentiationEpigenesis GeneticProstate cancerMiceStromaDownregulation and upregulationNeuroendocrine CellsCell Line TumormedicineBiomarkers TumorTumor MicroenvironmentSettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaAnimalsHumansOsteonectinEpigeneticsTransgenesEndoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiPbusiness.industryMatricellular proteinProstatic NeoplasmsCell Differentiationmedicine.diseaseCoculture TechniquesGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticMice Inbred C57BLOncologyCancer researchStromal CellsbusinessCancer research
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Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Associated With Endurance Exercise on Muscle Fibres and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Coactivator …

2016

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to improve muscle hypertrophy, steroidogenesis, physical activity, and endurance capacity in mice, although the molecular mechanisms of its actions are not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to identify whether CLA alters the expression of any of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) isoforms, and to evaluate the possible existence of fibre-type-specific hypertrophy in the gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles. Mice were randomly assigned to one of four groups: placebo sedentary, CLA sedentary, placebo trained, or CLA trained. The CLA groups were gavaged with 35 μl per day of Tonalin® FFA 8…

MaleConjugatedPhysiologyClinical BiochemistryMuscle Fibers SkeletalMuscle FibersMiceLectinsPhysical Conditioning AnimalAnimalsProtein IsoformsLinoleic Acids ConjugatedInbred BALB CMice Inbred BALB CAnimalSettore BIO/16 - Anatomia UmanaAdenylate KinaseSkeletalCell BiologyPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alphaPhysical ConditioningHindlimbMitochondriaLinoleic AcidsAdenylate Kinase; Animals; Dietary Supplements; Hindlimb; Lectins; Linoleic Acids Conjugated; Male; Mice Inbred BALB C; Mitochondria; Muscle Fibers Skeletal; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; Protein Isoforms; Physical Conditioning Animal; Physiology; Clinical Biochemistry; Cell BiologyDietary SupplementsFat supplements
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Ultrastructural biologic effects of sonography with pulse inversion and microbubble contrast in rabbit liver

2005

Purpose This prospective study was conducted to evaluate the biologic effects of microbubble destruction with pulse-inversion harmonic imaging on rabbit liver parenchyma. Methods The livers of 6 albino rabbits were examined sonographically by a single investigator. Three rabbits underwent contrast-enhanced sonography, with scanning starting 5 seconds after injection by using pulse-inversion harmonic imaging with a mechanical index of 1.2. Four time-triggered images were recorded at a rate of 1 frame every 2 seconds. For comparison, 3 control rabbits had pulse-inversion harmonic imaging with a mechanical index of 1.2 only, without contrast medium. Immediately after sonography, the animals we…

MaleCytoplasmPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyEndotheliumBiopsyultrasonography experimental studieContrast Mediaultrasonography biologic effectliverBone canaliculusMicroscopy Electron TransmissionAnimalsMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProspective StudiesUltrasonographyMicrobubblesSettore BIO/16 - Anatomia Umanabusiness.industryUltrasoundAnatomyanimal studiesContrast mediummedicine.anatomical_structureHepatocyteultrasonography contrast mediaHepatocytesHepatic stellate cellUltrastructureRabbitsSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiabusinessCell NucleolusMechanical indexJournal of Clinical Ultrasound
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Mild Aerobic Exercise Training Hardly Affects the Diaphragm of mdx Mice

2016

In the mdx mice model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), mild endurance exercise training positively affected limb skeletal muscles, whereas few and controversial data exist on the effects of training on the diaphragm. The diaphragm was examined in mdx (C57BL/10ScSn-Dmdmdx) and wild-type (WT, C57BL/10ScSc) mice under sedentary conditions (mdx-SD, WT-SD) and during mild exercise training (mdx-EX, WT-EX). At baseline, and after 30 and 45 days (training: 5 d/wk for 6 weeks), diaphragm muscle morphology and Cx39 protein were assessed. In addition, tissue levels of the chaperonins Hsp60 and Hsp70 and the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) were measured in diaphragm, gastrocnemius, and q…

MaleDuchenne muscular dystrophychaperoninTime FactorsDiaphragmSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaConnexinsMitochondrial ProteinsNecrosisendurance trainingAnimalsGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHSP70 Heat-Shock Proteinsstress markersMuscle StrengthNF-kBSettore BIO/16 - Anatomia UmanaTranscription Factor RelAChaperonin 60Settore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaExercise TherapyMuscular Dystrophy DuchenneDisease Models AnimalPhenotypeMice Inbred mdxPhysical Endurance
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Silibinin improves hepatic and myocardial injury in mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

2012

Abstract Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic metabolic disorder with significant impact on cardiovascular and liver mortality. Aims In this study, we examined the effects of silibinin on liver and myocardium injury in an experimental model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods A four-week daily dose of silibinin (20 mg/kg i.p.) was administrated to db/db mice fed a methionine–choline deficient diet. Hepatic and myocardial histology, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. Results Silibinin administration decreased HOMA-IR, serum ALT and markedly improved hepatic and myocardial damage. Silibinin reduced isoprostanes, 8-deoxyguanosine and nitrit…

MaleGene ExpressionIsoprostanesmedicine.disease_causeGastroenterologyAntioxidantsMicechemistry.chemical_compoundMethionineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasePhosphorylationGastroenterologyAlanine TransaminaseGlutathioneCholine DeficiencyMitochondrial respiratory chainLiverHeart Inflammation NAFLD Oxidative stress SilibininCytokinesmedicine.symptomSilymarinmedicine.medical_specialtySilibininInflammationStatistics NonparametricProinflammatory cytokineInsulin resistanceInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsNitritesAnalysis of VarianceNitratesHepatologySettore BIO/16 - Anatomia Umanabusiness.industryMyocardiumJNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesGlutathionemedicine.diseaseDietFatty LiverOxidative StressEndocrinologychemistrySilybinInsulin ResistancebusinessOxidative stressDigestive and Liver Disease
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