Search results for "Anesthesia"

A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Inhaled Isoflurane Via the Anaesthetic Conserving Device (Sedaconda <sup>®</sup> ACD) with Propof…

2021

Background: Small studies indicate that isoflurane may be useful for sedation during invasive ventilation of ICU patients. There are no published large prospective efficacy trials. Methods: This phase 3, non-inferiority trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of ≤54 hours of isoflurane via the anaesthetic conserving device (ACD) compared with propofol in invasively ventilated ICU patients (30-day follow-up). Primary endpoint was percentage of time in Richmond Agitation–Sedation Scale (RASS) range –1 to –4; the predefined non-inferiority margin was 15% below the propofol mean. Secondary endpoints: opioid requirements, spontaneous breathing during sedation, time to wake-up and extubation, adv…

Tracheostomy mechanical ventilation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

2013

Automated Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation after Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

2017

Background The discontinuation of mechanical ventilation after coronary surgery may prolong and significantly increase the load on intensive care unit personnel. We hypothesized that automated mode using INTELLiVENT-ASV can decrease duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation, reduce workload on medical staff, and provide safe ventilation after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). The primary endpoint of our study was to assess the duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation during different modes of weaning from respiratory support (RS) after OPCAB. The secondary endpoint was to assess safety of the automated weaning mode and the number of manual interventions to the…

Neuromuscular and Chest Wall Diseases in Pregnancy

2009

Patients with severe respiratory muscle impairment, in particular when vital capa-city is below 60% of the predicted normal values, are often discouraged frombecoming pregnant for fear of respiratory complications and the need for tra-cheostomy and invasive mechanical ventilation (1). A growing fetus can impairthe functioning of weak diaphragms resulting in lower vital capacity and respira-tory reserve and impair cough function. In addition, there is increased oxygenconsumption and ventilation requirement. Complications in pregnancy and theneed for analgesics and anesthesia during labor and delivery can also cause orexacerbate ventilatory failure.Neuromuscular DiseasesNeuromuscular diseases…

Indication and Timing

2016

Tracheostomy is performed in patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation aiming at avoiding the potential detrimental effect of a sustained translaryngeal intubation (e.g. laryngeal oedema, mucosal ulcerations). Potential benefits of tracheostomy in critically ill patients are improved comfort and reduced need for sedation, easier clearance of secretions and oral hygiene, and a possible faster weaning from mechanical ventilation. Controversy exists over optimal timing (early, tracheostomy placement compared with later time points) in patients with respiratory failure. Among the published randomised controlled trials, two large studies did not report a significant advantage of an ear…

Timing, Complications, and Safety of Tracheotomy in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19

2021

Importance: The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to unprecedented needs for invasive ventilation, with 10% to 15% of intubated patients subsequently requiring tracheotomy. Objective: To assess the complications, safety, and timing of tracheotomy performed for critically ill patients with COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort study assessed consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) who had COVID-19 that required tracheotomy. Patients were recruited from March 16 to April 10, 2020, at a tertiary referral center. Exposures: A surgical tracheotomy was performed for all patients following recommended criteria for use…

Tracheostomy mechanical ventilation in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Clinical features and survival analysis

2012

article i nfo Background: Tracheostomy mechanical ventilation (TMV) is performed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with a respiratory failure or when the non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is no longer effective. We evaluated the clinical characteristics and survival of a cohort of tracheostomized ALS patients, followed in a single ALS Clinical Center. Methods: Between 2001 and 2010, 87 out of 279 ALS patients were submitted to TMV. Onset was spinal in 62 and bulbar in 25. After tracheostomy, most patients were followed up through telephone interviews to caregivers. A complete survival analysis could be performed in fifty-two TMV patients. Results: 31.3% ALS patients underwent tra…

Ventilación mecánica no invasiva en pre e intraoperatorio y vía aérea difícil

2015

Non-invasive mechanical ventilation is a method of ventilatory assistance aimed at increasing alveolar ventilation, thus achieving, in selected subjects, the avoidance of endotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation, with the consequent improvement in survival. There has been a systematic review and study of the technical, clinical experiences, and recommendations concerning the application of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in the pre- and intraoperative period. The use of prophylactic non-invasive mechanical ventilation before surgery that involves significant alterations in the ventilatory function may decrease the incidence of postoperative respiratory complications. …

Über das Membranpotential am Vorhof des Meerschweinchenherzens nach Hypothermie / The Membrane Potential of the Cardiac Atrium of Guinea Pigs after H…

1969

Linke Vorhofe von Meerschweinchenherzen wurden prapariert und 30 min in Tyrodelosung mit 5, 4m MK+ /l bei 35° C aquilibriert. Anschliesend wurden die Praparate 90 min bei 4–6° C von einer Tyrodelosung mit 1,35mMK+ /l umspult. Danach wurden die Vorhofe in einer Tyrodelosung mit 21,6 mM K+ /1 bei 35° C rasch wiedererwarmt.

Sevoflurane Impairs Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation in Rats: Reversal by Nonselective Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition

2005

UNLABELLED In this study, we investigated the effects of 1.0 and 2.0 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) sevoflurane on cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation before and after nonselective inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase in rats. Rats were randomly assigned as follows: Group 1 (n = 8): 1.0 MAC sevoflurane; Groups 2 and 3 (n = 8 per group): 2.0 MAC sevoflurane. Assessment of autoregulation within a mean arterial blood pressure range of 140-60 mm Hg was performed by graded hemorrhage before and after administration of l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 30 mg/kg IV, Groups 1 and 2) or during hypocapnia (Group 3). In 10 additional animals, brain tissue NO(2)(-) concentratio…