Search results for "Anesthesia"
showing 10 items of 2277 documents
Intramuscular tramadol versus ketorolac in patients with orthopedic and traumatologic postoperative pain: a comparative multicenter trial
1998
This 3-day, multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled trial was undertaken to assess the postoperative analgesic effect and therapeutic safety of intramuscular tramadol compared with intramuscular ketorolac in 48 patients undergoing orthopedic surgery and having postoperative pain assessed as 75 mm or more on a 100-mm visual analogue scale. Tramadol (100 mg/2 mL ampules) was administered as needed to a maximum of 400 mg/d, and ketorolac (30 mg/1 mL ampules) was given as needed up to 90 mg/d. Nine patients who received tramadol and six who received ketorolac needed only one dose of medication to achieve satisfactory analgesia. Tramadol had a more pronounced analgesic effect than did ke…
Low-Flow Anaesthesia
2000
Healthcare reform has placed increasing pressure on anaesthetists to consider the costs of current anaesthesia strategies. Although the cost of anaesthesia constitutes only a small proportion of total healthcare costs, anaesthetic drug expenditures have been a focus of cost-containment efforts. Low-flow anaesthesia is a simple method of reducing the fresh gas flow rate for anaesthetic gases during inhalational anaesthesia. A knowledge of the pharmacokinetic behaviour of inhaled anaesthetics and the use of modern equipment and monitoring technology meet the requirements for safe application of this anaesthetic technique. Millions of patients receive general anaesthesia each year, and thus th…
Effects of γ-Butyrobetaine and Mildronate on Nitric Oxide Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Rats
2008
Production of nitric oxide was measured in lipopolysaccharide-treated rats (10 mg/kg, 4 hr) using the electron paramagnetic resonance method. As compared to the control animals, the nitric oxide level in liver of lipopolysaccharide-treated rats increased from 27.6+/-4.7 to 1485+/-129 ng/g tissue, in heart from 4.8+/-0.7 to 271+/-26 ng/g tissue, in blood from 33.6+/-12.4 to 638+/-136 ng/g tissue, in kidney from 3.3+/-0.5 to 356+/-31 ng/g tissue, in brain cortex from 46.0+/-3.4 to 227+/-27 ng/g tissue, in cerebellum from 27.7+/-2.6 to 218+/-30 ng/g tissue, and in testes from 13.8+/-1.1 to 86+/-8 ng/g tissue. Administration of the antiischaemic drug, mildronate (120 mg/kg) caused a significant…
A case of severe repeated immunological reactions to intermittent rifampicin treatment
1972
A case is reported in which a 36-year-old patient twice suffered a rapidly-developing severe reaction to intermittent rifampicin therapy. The symptoms were upper abdominal and back pain, nausea and shivering. Acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia, jaundice and haemolytic anaemia also developed. Aetiologically this was due to an immunopathological effect. This case was unusual in that all the previously observed reactions to rifampicin of an immunological aetiology occurred together, resulting in a marked leucocytosis with the presence of immature cells. It appears that the immediate administration of high-dose corticosteroids can favourably influence this condition. We consider that despite…
Aceclofenac versus piroxicam in the management of osteoarthritis of the knee: A double-blind controlled study
1994
Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of aceclofenac tablets 100 mg twice daily with piroxicam tablets 20 mg once daily in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee or gonarthritis. A randomized, double-blind, controlled study of 3 months' duration was conducted in patients with gonarthritis diagnosed according to the World Health Organization criteria. A total of 212 patients were recruited; 205 patients fully complied with the inclusion-exclusion criteria. Of these, 103 received aceclofenac and 102 received piroxicam. Fourteen patients in the aceclofenac group and 12 patients in the piroxicam group who failed to complete the 3-month treatment …
Small-volume hypertonic saline solution and high-dosage furosemide in the treatment of refractory congestive heart failure. A pilot study
2000
Objective: To evaluate a new therapeutic approach to hospitalised patients with refractory congestive heart failure (CHF) based on published data on the efficacy of furosemide (frusemide) intravenous infusion in refractory CHF and of small volumes of hypertonic saline solution in the low-flow state. Design and Setting: Prospective, uncontrolled study of hospital inpatients. Study Participants and Interventions: Thirty patients (20 males and 10 females) aged 65 to 85 years with refractory New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class IV CHF were given a twice-daily intravenous infusion of a small volume of hypertonic saline solution (150 ml of 1.4 to 4.6 NaCl) containing high-dosage fur…
Corrigendum to “Effects of 8-OH-DPAT on open field performance of young and aged rats prenatally exposed to diazepam: a tool to reveal 5-HT1A recepto…
2003
Problem solving strategies with biomedical and clinimetric components: The case of perioperative H1-+H2-prophylaxis
1992
A formal (objective) problem solving strategy was developed for the question whether a perioperative histamine H1-+H2-prophylaxis should be applied to patients at risk for a histamine release reaction or for a special severity of such a reaction even in the case of a minor histamine release.
Farmacocinética del metronidazol y la gentamicina en dosis única preoperatoria para profilaxis antibiótica quirúrgica en cirugía colorrectal
2008
Objective: To describe, in patients undergoing colorectal surgery (CRS), the pharmacokinetics of a single, prophylactic preoperative dose of 1,500 mg of metronidazole plus 240 mg gentamicin and measure its efficacy in accordance with the accepted pharmacodynamic and microbiological parameters. Method: Thirty-six patients undergoing CRS agreed to participate in the study. Three blood samples were taken from each. Cmax 15 minutes after finishing the infusion of the mixture, CfinIQ on finishing the surgery, and Cmin between 12 and 24 hours post-administration. The concentrations of metronidazole and gentamicin in each simple were measured and the pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated (dV- …