Search results for "Animal Structures"
showing 10 items of 876 documents
Occupational exposure to endocrine disruptors and lymphoma risk in a multi-centric European study
2015
Background: Incidence rates of lymphoma are usually higher in men than in women, and oestrogens may protect against lymphoma. Methods: We evaluated occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) among 2457 controls and 2178 incident lymphoma cases and subtypes from the European Epilymph study. Results: Over 30 years of exposure to EDCs compared to no exposure was associated with a 24% increased risk of mature B-cell neoplasms (P-trend=0.02). Associations were observed among men, but not women. Conclusions: Prolonged occupational exposure to endocrine disruptors seems to be moderately associated with some lymphoma subtypes. © 2015 Cancer Research UK. All rights reserved.
Retrograde nailing versus locking plate osteosynthesis of proximal humeral fractures: a biomechanical study
2011
Background In locking plate osteosynthesis of proximal humeral fractures, secondary varus malalignment is a specific complication. Retron nails (Tantum AG, Neumunster, Germany), among others, have been designed to improve medial support of the calcar humeri. The aim of our biomechanical study was to examine whether Retron nails provide increased stiffness for axial loads and adequate stiffness for torsional loads when compared with Philos plates (Synthes AG, Umkirch, Germany). Materials and methods Twenty-two fresh-frozen paired humeri were collected. After potting the specimens, intact bones were exposed to sinusoidal axial (10-120 N) and torsional (±2.5 Nm) loading for 8 cycles to calcula…
Notes on a New Productive Strain of King Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus eryngii (Higher Basidiomycetes), a Prized Italian Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom
2015
In this paper, the authors provide data on a culinary-medicinal, host-specific variety of P. eryngii species-complex that is known in Italy as "cardoncello". A species description, the techniques of isolation of a new strain (C-142-c), and the preparation of the substratum are illustrated. Data on the productivity of substratum inoculated with C-142-c strain and the nutritional value of cultivated "cardoncello" mushrooms are also provided.
Salmo trutta is more sensitive than Oncorhynchus mykiss to early-life stage exposure to retene
2021
Salmonids are known to be among the most sensitive fish to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs), but very little is known about the sensitivity of the brown trout (Salmo trutta), which has declined and is endangered in several countries of Europe and Western Asia. We investigated the sensitivity of brown trout larvae to a widespread dioxin-like PAH, retene (3.2 to 320 μg.L−1), compared to the larvae of a salmonid commonly used in toxicology studies, the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Mortality, growth, cyp1a induction and the occurrence of deformities were measured after 15 days of exposure. Brown trout larvae showed a significantly higher mortality at 320 μg.L−1 compared to rainbow trout lar…
Clutch size and egg volume in great tits (Parus major) increase under low intensity electromagnetic fields: a long-term field study.
2012
Exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can affect a wide range of biological processes, including reproduction, growth and development. Experiments aimed at investigating the biological effects of EMFs, focused on potential harmful effects on humans, have been mostly carried out in vitro or with animal models in laboratory conditions. By contrast, studies performed on wild animals are scarce. The effects of EMFs created by an electric power line on reproductive traits of a wild great tit (Parus major) population were explored by analysing data gathered during nine breeding seasons. EMF exposure significantly increased clutch size (7%) and egg volume (3%), implying a 10% increase in clutc…
Hairiness and warning colours as components of antipredator defence: additive or interactive benefits?
2008
To deter predator attack, aposematic prey species advertise their unprofitability with one or more conspicuous warning signals that, in turn, enhance the avoidance learning of predators. We studied the costs and benefits of multicomponent signalling in Parasemia plantaginis moths. The hairy moth larvae have an orange patch on their otherwise black bodies. The patch varies phenotypically and genetically in size. We studied whether the detection risk associated with patch size varied against two backgrounds (green or brown) with two different predators: naive chicks, Gallus gallus domesticus, and experienced great tits, Parus major. We also evaluated the signal value of different defence trai…
Environmental DNA analysis indicates that migration barriers are decreasing the occurrence of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in distance from the s…
2020
Abstract The European eel (Anguilla L.) is considered critically endangered by the IUCN Red List, and recruitment remains low. One of the challenges for the species today is migration barriers that limit their habitat. Along the Norwegian coast, like in other countries, the abundance of eels appears to decrease with distance from the sea. This pattern may be a result of factors like water temperature, water quality, competition, and habitat suitability and availability. This study aims to use environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis to investigate the potential relationship between migration barriers and the decreasing occurrence of eels in distance from the sea by the coast of southern Norway. Si…
Modulation of Hedgehog target gene expression by the Fused serine-threonine kinase in wing imaginal discs
1998
0925-4773 doi: DOI: 10.1016/S0925-4773(98)00130-0; The Fused (Fu) serine–threonine kinase and the Suppressor of fused (Su(fu)) product are part of the Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway both in embryos and in imaginal discs. In wing imaginal discs, the Hh signal induces Cubitus interruptus (Ci) accumulation and activates patched (ptc) and decapentaplegic (dpp) expression along the anterior/posterior (A/P) boundary. In this paper, we have examined the role of the Fu and Su(fu) proteins in the regulation of Hh target gene expression in wing imaginal discs, by using different classes of fu alleles and an amorphic Su(fu) mutation. We show that, at the A/P boundary, Fu kinase activity is involved …
Filamin C accumulation is a strong but nonspecific immunohistochemical marker of core formation in muscle.
2002
Filamin C is the muscle isoform of a group of large actin-crosslinking proteins. On the one hand, filamin C is associated with the Z-disk of the myofibrillar apparatus and binds to myotilin; on the other hand, it interacts with the sarcoglycan complex at the sarcolemma. Filamin C may be involved in reorganizing the cytoskeleton in response to signalling events and in muscle it may, in addition, fulfill structural functions at the Z-disk. An examination of biopsies from patients with multi-minicore myopathy, central core myopathy and neurogenic target fibers with core-like target formations (TF) revealed strong reactivity of all the cores and target formations with two different anti-filamin…
Merkel cells in ontogenesis of human nails
1993
Digital skin of human fetuses is known to contain a particularly high concentration of Merkel cells. Using antibodies against the simple epithelial cytokeratins (CK) 18 and 20, which are sensitive and specific Merkel cell markers, we studied immunohistochemically the main adnexal structure of digital skin, the nail anlage, in human fetuses (9-22 weeks of gestation) for the presence of Merkel cells. As early as week 9 some clustered Merkel cells were detected in the early matrix primordium. In specimens of week 12-15, abundant Merkel cells were found in the nail anlagen, particularly in the epithelium of the proximal nail-fold and the dorsal and ventral side of the apex region. In contrast, …