Search results for "Animal model"

Phage-driven loss of virulence in a fish pathogenic bacterium

2012

Parasites provide a selective pressure during the evolution of their hosts, and mediate a range of effects on ecological communities. Due to their short generation time, host-parasite interactions may also drive the virulence of opportunistic bacteria. This is especially relevant in systems where high densities of hosts and parasites on different trophic levels (e.g. vertebrate hosts, their bacterial pathogens, and virus parasitizing bacteria) co-exist. In farmed salmonid fingerlings, Flavobacterium columnare is an emerging pathogen, and phage that infect F. columnare have been isolated. However, the impact of these phage on their host bacterium is not well understood. To study this, four s…

Long-Term Behavioral Programming Induced by Peripuberty Stress in Rats Is Accompanied by GABAergic-Related Alterations in the Amygdala

2014

Stress during childhood and adolescence is a risk factor for psychopathology. Alterations in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, have been found following stress exposure and fear experiences and are often implicated in anxiety and mood disorders. Abnormal amygdala functioning has also been detected following stress exposure and is also implicated in anxiety and social disorders. However, the amygdala is not a unitary structure; it includes several nuclei with different functions and little is known on the potential differences the impact of early life stress may have on this system within different amygdaloid nuclei. We aimed here to evaluate pote…

Endovascular stentectomy using the snare over stent-retriever (SOS) technique: An experimental feasibility study

2017

PLoS one 12(5), e0178197 (2017). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0178197

First report on fertility after allogeneic uterus transplantation

2010

Uterus transplantation may become the first available treatment for uterine factor infertility, which is due to the absence or malfunction of the uterus. Here we describe for the first time pregnancy after allogeneic uterus transplantation, as a proof of concept of uterine function in a transplanted uterus in a standardized animal model (rat) under immunosuppression.

STUDIES ON FACTORS INFLUENCING HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN FUNCTIONALITY AND REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT

Coronary artery disease (CAD) in dyslipidemic and diabetic subjects remains the leading cause of death in the Western society. Current therapeutic strategies to prevent cardiovascular diseases are primarily based on the use of statins, which inhibit key enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis, HMG-CoA reductase. Another prominent risk factor for developing premature atherosclerosis is the low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Despite documented benefits of statins a good proportion of individuals still remain at a higher risk of developing CAD. Therefore, focus has shifted on HDL-raising therapeutics to further improve the CV outcome. While Niacin and fenofibrate have not …

Non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease pathogenesis: a role for developmental programming and altered circadian rhythms.

2013

Objectives Emerging evidence suggests that maternal obesity (MO) predisposes offspring to obesity and the recently described non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) but involved mechanisms remain unclear. Using a pathophysiologically relevant murine model, we here investigated a role for the biological clock - molecular core circadian genes (CCG) in the generation of NAFPD. Design Female C57BL6 mice were fed an obesogenic diet (OD) or standard chow (SC) for 6 weeks, prior to pregnancy and throughout gestation and lactation: resulting offspring were subsequently weaned onto either OD (Ob_Ob and Con_Ob) or standard chow (Ob_Con and Con_Con) for 6 months. Biochemical, pro-inflammatory and…

Shedding light on the elusive role of endothelial cells in cytomegalovirus dissemination.

2011

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is frequently transmitted by solid organ transplantation and is associated with graft failure. By forming the boundary between circulation and organ parenchyma, endothelial cells (EC) are suited for bidirectional virus spread from and to the transplant. We applied Cre/loxP-mediated green-fluorescence-tagging of EC-derived murine CMV (MCMV) to quantify the role of infected EC in transplantation-associated CMV dissemination in the mouse model. Both EC- and non-EC-derived virus originating from infected Tie2-cre + heart and kidney transplants were readily transmitted to MCMV-naïve recipients by primary viremia. In contrast, when a Tie2-cre + transplant was infected by pri…

The future of cladoceran research

1997

The cladocerans are a group of Crustacea used as model organisms in many fields of biology. In system-atics, ecology, physiology and genetics, the cladocerans appear as frequently used examples in case studies. Their reproductive system, switching between parthenogenesis and sexual reproduction, makes them particularly suited for studies dealing with genetic and environmentally induced variability. It is on the whole a particularly handy group of animals that can be used for studying almost all kinds of evolutionary processes.

Correction: Recovery from Toxic-Induced Demyelination Does Not Require the NG2 Proteoglycan.

2018

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163841.].

Comparative analysis of in situ versus ex situ perfusion on micro circulation in liver procurement--an experimental trial in a porcine model.

2012

The Achilles heel of liver transplantation remains the biliary system. The crucial step for liver preservation is effective rinsing and perfusion of the peribiliary plexus (PBP). Due to the physiology of the vascular tree, it seems almost impossible to achieve the necessary physiologic ranges of pressure and flow by the in situ perfusion technique. We investigated the role of additional ex situ perfusion via the hepatic artery in this animal model.Fifteen German Landrace pigs underwent standardized multiorgan procurement. In situ perfusion and additional ex situ perfusion were performed consecutively. Meanwhile the external pressure applied to the perfusion system was increased stepwise. To…