Search results for "Anionic addition polymerization"

Über den angriff des carboniumions am monomeren styrol bei der kationischen copolymerisation von trioxane und styrol. 19. Mitt. über polyoxymethylene

1962

Bei der Saure-katalysierten Hydrolyse von kationisch dargestellten Copolymeren aus Trioxan und Styrol entsteht 4-Phenyl-1,3-Dioxan. Das last sich nur so erklaren, das in Analogie zur radikalischen und zur anionischen Polymerisation der Angriff des Carboniumions ebenfalls am β-Kohlenstoffatom des Styrols erfolgt. Formation of 4-phenyl-1,3-dioxan occurs during the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of cationically produced copolymers of trioxane and styrene. The only possible explanation involves an attack of the carboniumion at the β-carbonatom of styrene analogous to the radical and anionic polymerization.

Stable Carbanions by Quantitative Metalation of Cationically Obtained Diphenylvinyl and Diphenylmethoxy Compounds:  New Initiators for Living Anionic…

1997

Anionic Polymerization of Terpene Monomers: New Options for Bio-Based Thermoplastic Elastomers

2021

Synthesis of Linear and Star-Shaped Block Copolymers of Isobutylene and Methacrylates by Combination of Living Cationic and Anionic Polymerizations

1998

A new synthetic route for the preparation of polyisobutylene (PIB)-based linear and star-shaped block copolymers was developed by combining living carbocationic and anionic polymerizations. Living PIB chains were quantitatively endcapped with 1,1-diphenylethylene, leading to 1,1-diphenyl-1-methoxy (DPOMe) or 2,2-diphenylvinyl (DPV) termini, or both. Both the DPOMe- and DPV-terminated PIBs, and the mixtures of both endgroups were quantitatively metalated with K/Na alloy, Cs metal, or Li dispersion in THF at room temperature. The resulting stable macrocarbanion obtained by metalation with K/Na alloy was used to initiate living anionic polymerization of tert-butyl methacrylate (tBMA) yielding …

Equilibria in the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate, 1. Chain-length dependence of the rate and equilibrium constants

1986

The rate constants of polymerization and cyclization and the equilibrium constants of polymerization are calculated from kinetic data of the anionic oligomerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by methyl α-lithioisobutyrate in THF at 25°C, and of the “disproportionation” of living oligomers. The numeric method reported earlier was improved. The rate constants of cyclization decrease with chain-length, due to increasing steric hindrance. The rate constants of polymerization depend on the concentration of active centres, due to the formation of associates. Rate and equilibrium constants of polymerization decrease with chain-length. This is discussed in terms of intramolecular coordination…

Branched and Functionalized Polybutadienes by a Facile Two-Step Synthesis

2008

Anionic polymerization was used to prepare silane-endfunctionalized polybutadiene macromonomers with different molecular weights ranging from 9 000 to 34000 g .mol- 1 . These were polymerized by a hydrosilylation reaction in bulk to obtain branched polymers, using Karstedt's catalyst. Surprisingly, the addition of monofunctional silanes during the polymerization showed only a minimal effect concerning the degree of polymerization. Furthermore, it was possible to introduce a variety of functional silanes without increasing the overall number of reaction steps by a convenient AB 2 + A type "pseudocopolymerization" method. All branched polymers were analyzed by SEC, SEC-MALLS, SEC-viscosimetry…

1980

Using a bifunctional initiator such as the tetrameric dianion of α-methylstyrene for the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate the rate constant is found to increase with conversion approaching that observed with a monofunctional initiator while the tacticity of the polymers obtained changes from that of an almost ideally atactic to a highly syndiotactic polymer. The results are explained by the assumption of an intramolecular association of the two terminal ion pairs yielding a new active species and gradually dissociating with increasing degree of polymerization of the chain. Using a polymeric dianion of α-methylstyrene as an initiator the association phenomenon is not observed.

Optimization of spinning, drawing, and annealing conditions in the production of highly oriented fibers from the polycaprolactam/3.7% LiCl system

1982

A polycaprolactam/3.7% w/w LiCl system, obtained by anionic polymerization of caprolactam directly in the presence of salt, has been employed for the production of highly oriented fibers. More particularly, an optimization of spinning, drawing, and annealing conditions has been performed, finally obtaining fibers which shows very satisfactory mechanical results. Namely, average moduli values up to 12 GPa and strength values up to 1 GPa when fracture is far from clamps, have been observed.

Carbanions on Tap – Living Anionic Polymerization in a Microstructured Reactor

2008

The paper describes the living anionic polymerization of styrenes to homo- and diblock copolymers in continuous flow, using a microstructured mixing set-up ("microreactor"). Reaction times and experimental effort are significantly reduced compared to classical batch methods that often require stringent reaction conditions and strict drying of the apparatus by "break-seal" and "high vacuum" techniques. In continuous flow, residual impurities can be removed by purging the reactor with monomer and initiator solution before polymer samples are collected at the device outlet on a scale of up to 200 g.h -1 . Facile molecular weight adjustment is achieved by variation of the flow rates of initiato…

Synthesis of block copolymers with poly(methyl methacrylate): P(B-b-MMA), P(EB-b-MMA), P(S-b-B-b-MMA) and P(S-b-EB-b-MMA)

1993

Well-defined diblock copolymers poly(butadiene-b-methyl methacrylate) (=P(B-b-MMA)) and triblock copolymers poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-methyl methacrylate) (=P(S-b-B-b-MMA)) have been prepared by sequential anionic polymerization in THF. The synthesis of P(B-b-MMA) and P(S-b-B-b-MMA) was most efficient in the presence of lithium alkoxides. By this method side reactions are suppressed and the polymerization can be performed at higher temperatures. The resulting triblock copolymers have narrow molecular weight distribution. The 1,2-PB midblock was quantitatively hydrogenated with tosylhydrazide to enhance thermal stability. Alternatively the hydrogenation can be performed at elevated pressure…