Search results for "Antibiofilm"
showing 10 items of 31 documents
Bacterial Biofilm Inhibition in the Development of Effective Anti-Virulence Strategy
2018
There is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies to counteract the global threat of antibiotic resistance, which has become, in recent years, one of the major public health concern. An important contribution to the microbial survival in hostile environments has been given by the capability of pathogens to form sessile communities able to adhere to biotic or abiotic surfaces, known as biofilms.
A new class of phenylhydrazinylidene derivatives as inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
2016
In the struggle against the emergence of the antibiotic resistance, new molecules targeting biofilm formation could be useful as adjuvant of conventional antibiotics. This study focused on a new class of 2-phenylhydrazinylidene derivatives as antivirulence agents. The compound 12e showed interesting activities against biofilm formation of all tested Staphylococcus aureus strains with IC50 ranging from 1.7 to 43 µM; compounds 12f and 13a resulted strong inhibitors of S. aureus ATCC 6538 and ATCC 29213 biofilm formation with IC50 of 0.9 and 0.8 µM, respectively. A preliminary study on the mechanism of action was carried on evaluating the inhibition of sortase A transpeptidase. Compound 12e re…
New Thiazole Nortopsentin Analogues Inhibit Bacterial Biofilm Formation.
2018
New thiazole nortopsentin analogues were conveniently synthesized and evaluated for their activity as inhibitors of biofilm formation of relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. All compounds were able to interfere with the first step of biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner, showing a selectivity against the staphylococcal strains. The most active derivatives elicited IC50 values against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, ranging from 0.40&ndash
NEW 4-DIAZOPYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTIBIOFILM AGENTS
2010
Many infections such as otitis media, sinusitis, cholesteatoma, tonsillitis and adenoiditis are caused by biofilm forming mucosal pathogens (P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, S. peneomoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis). Moreover, the role of biofilms in the chronic otolaryngologic infections has been recognized for otitis media, tonsillitis and rhinosinusitis. Finally, bacterial biofilms of S. aureus, S. epidermis and E. faecalis are the leading cause of medical device-related infections. Pathogens growing as biofilms are intrinsically resistant to conventional antibiotics and therefore the discovery of new compounds able to act against biofilm aggregated micro organisms is an urgent task. Pr…
Echinoderm Antimicrobial Peptides: The Ancient Arms of the Deuterostome Innate Immune System
2016
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are widely expressed in organisms and have been linked to innate and acquired immunity in vertebrates. These compounds are constitutively expressed from different cellular types to interact directly with infectious agents and/or modulate immunoreactions. In invertebrates, including echinoderms, which lack a vertebrate-type adaptive immune system, AMPs represent the major humoral defense system against infection, showing a diverse spectrum of action mechanisms, most of them related to plasma membrane disturbance and lethal alteration of microbial integrity. Here, we summarize the knowledge of AMPs in echinoderms as Strongylocins identified in the sea urchins, St…
Bacterial metal nanoparticles to develop new weapons against bacterial biofilms and infections
2021
The widespread use of antibiotics has resulted in the outbreak and spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Bacterial antibiotic resistance may develop at cellular and community levels. In the latter case, it is based on tolerance which implicates the shift from a free-living form of life (i.e., planktonic) to a sessile multi-stratified community (i.e., biofilm). Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) have been shown to be promising candidates as antimicrobial agents. MNPs are able to interact with and penetrate bacterial biofilms, thus, resulting effective antibiofilm compounds. Another interesting aspect is the possibility of using plants, fungi, yeasts, and bacteria to obtain biogenic MNPs (BMNP). …
Modification of halloysite lumen with dopamine derivatives as filler for antibiofilm coating
2023
Hypothesis: Development of nanocomposite coating with antibiofilm properties is of fundamental importance to efficient fight biofilm formation preventing infections in biomedical area. In this context, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), biocompatible and low-cost clay mineral, have been efficiently used as filler for different polymeric matrices affording several nanocomposites with appealing antimicrobial properties. The modification of HNTs surfaces represents a valuable strategy to improve the utilization of the clay for biological purposes. Experiments: Herein, the covalent modification of the HNTs lumen with properly designed dopamine derivatives with different perfluoroalkyl chain length is…
SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NOVEL SMALL MOLECULES AS PROMISING ALTERNATIVE AGENTS TO COUNTERACT DRUG RESISTANCE IN CANCER AND MICROBIAL IN…
2022
Il cancro rimane un grave problema di salute pubblica, rappresentando la seconda principale causa di morte in tutto il mondo. Tra le diverse tipologie di tumori, l'adenocarcinoma duttale pancreatico (PDAC) è una delle forme più letali nell'uomo, a causa della diagnosi tardiva e delle limitate possibilità di trattamento. Pertanto, lo studio di nuove strategie terapeutiche per i pazienti affetti da PDAC è altamente necessario. Allo stesso modo, il mesotelioma rappresenta una malattia rara ma aggressiva, difficile da diagnosticare per il lungo periodo di latenza prima dei segni clinici. Gli approcci terapeutici standard includono la chirurgia, la chemioterapia e la radioterapia. Tuttavia, la s…
Efficacy of poly(lactic acid)/carvacrol electrospun membranes against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in single and mixed cultures
2018
Carvacrol (CAR) is one of the most promising essential oil components with antimicrobial activity. New technologies aimed to incorporate this active molecule into carrier matrix to improve the stability and prolong the biological activity. The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of incorporating CAR into electrospun membranes of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) for potential applications as active antimicrobial system. To this end, PLA membranes containing homogeneously dispersed CAR were successfully prepared and a series of systematic tests including morpho-mechanical properties, in vitro release rate, and antimicrobial/antibiofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Can…
Lipid Nanocarriers-Loaded Nanocomposite as a Suitable Platform to Release Antibacterial and Antioxidant Agents for Immediate Dental Implant Placement…
2021
Immediate implant placement is a single-stage restorative approach for missing teeth widely used to overcome the ridge remodeling process occurring after dental extractions. The success of this procedure relies on opportune osseointegration in the surrounding tissues. To support this process, a multifunctional nanocomposite, to be applied in the fresh post-extraction socket, was here designed, prepared, and characterized. This formulation consists of quercetin (QRC)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) entrapped in a chitosan-based solid matrix containing ciprofloxacin (CPX). QRC-NLCs were prepared by homogenization followed by high-frequency sonication, and thereafter this dispersio…