Search results for "Antibodies."

Immuno-SLM—a combined sample handling and analytical technique

2004

Immuno-supported liquid membrane (immuno-SLM) extraction is a new technique that makes use of antibody (Ab)-antigen interactions as the "extraction force" to drive the mass transfer in a selective way. In immuno-SLM, anti-analyte (Ag) Abs are introduced into the acceptor phase of the SLM unit to trap the Ag that passes from the flowing donor through the SLM into the stagnant acceptor. The amount of immuno-extracted analyte (AbAg) is quantified by connecting the immuno-SLM unit on-line with a non-competitive heterogeneous fluorescence flow immunoassay (FFIA) that makes use of a fluorescein-labeled analyte tracer that titrates the residual excess of Ab present in the acceptor. A restricted ac…

Carbon nanotube-protein carriers enhance size-dependent self-adjuvant antibody response to haptens

2013

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are nanomaterials with interesting emerging applications. Their properties make CNTs excellent candidates for use as new nanovehicles in drug delivery, immunization and diagnostics. In the current study, we assessed the immune-response-amplifying properties of CNTs to haptens by using azoxystrobin, the first developed strobilurin fungicide, asamodel analyte. Anazoxystrobin derivative bearingacarboxylated spacer arm (hapten AZc6) was covalently coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA), and the resulting BSA-AZc6 conjugate was covalently linked to four functionalized CNTs of different shapes and sizes, varying in diameter and length. These four types of CNT-based construc…

Microsporidia and Its Relation to Crohn's Disease. A Retrospective Study

2013

Background: The cause of Crohn's Disease (CD) remains unknown. Recently a decrease in the global lymphocyte population in the peripheral blood of CD patients has been reported. This decrease was more evident in gamma delta T lymphocytes, especially gamma delta CD8+T subsets. Furthermore, a decrease of IL-7 was also observed in these patients. We propose the hypothesis that microsporidia, an obligate intracellular opportunistic parasite recently related to fungi, in CD patients can take advantage of the lymphocytes and IL-7 deficits to proliferate and to contribute to the pathophysiology of this disease. Methods and Findings: In this case-control study, serum samples were collected from 36 C…

Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by antibodies, synthetic small molecules and natural products.

2011

Cancer remains one of the major causes of death worldwide. The switch to pathological angiogenesis is a key process in the promotion of cancer and consequently provides several new and promising targets to anticancer therapy. Thus, antagonizing angiogenesis cuts off the tumor's oxygen and nutrition supply. This review focuses on angiogenesis inhibitors as option for cancer treatment. Modes of action, adverse effects, mechanisms of resistance as well as new developments are highlighted. One approach in angiogenesis inhibition is intermitting the further VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) signal pathway with monoclonal antibodies. Bevacizumab is a highly specific recombinant humanized …

Injection of donor-derived splenic dendritic cells plus a nondepleting anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody to prolong primary skin graft survival indefinite…

2010

Abstract We have previously shown that injection of donor-derived Fischer rat OX62+ dendritic cells plus an anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody generates donor-specific CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in Lewis rats spleens. The regulatory T cells indefinitely prolonged the survival of skin graft from Fischer rat and abrogated the antidonor antibody response. We have now shown that an injection of 2 × 10 6 donor-derived OX62+ dendritic cells plus 2 mg nondepleting anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (W3/25) at 28 days before grafting induced indefinite skin graft survival in this combination; whereas an injection on day −1 prolonged it only to 50 days. This effect is donor specific. In both cases, we s…

In vitro study of alloreactivity and microchimerism after injection of dendritic cells and anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody in a combination of Lewis-Wis…

1998

IgG Subclass Distribution of Autoantibodies to Glomerular Basement Membrane in Goodpasture’s Syndrome Compared to Other Autoantibodies

1988

The IgG subclass distribution of autoantibodies to glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM antibodies) was investigated and compared to the distribution of liver-kidney microsomal (LKM) autoantibodies in chronic active hepatitis, to antimitochondrial autoantibodies (AMA) in primary biliary cirrhosis, and to the subclass distribution of total serum IgG within a healthy population. Solid phase assays for the demonstration of these autoantibodies were performed with four mouse monoclonal antibodies specific for each human subclass to provide quantitative data for the autoantibodies. In addition, the subclass distribution of total IgG in these sera was analyzed. IgG1 accounted for 75% of the tot…

Characterization of liver cytokeratin as a major target antigen of anti-SLA antibodies.

1990

Abstract Anti-SLA antibodies characterize a newly defined subgroup of patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. The aim of the present study was the immunochemical characterization of the target antigen(s) of anti-SLA antibodies. Anti-SLA-positive sera were found to contain high titres of anti-cytokeratin antibodies. In immunoblotting analyses with 100 000 × g supernatants of human liver homogenates (S-100) these sera recognized various proteins with a molecular mass of 40–60 kDa. These proteins were also recognized by monoclonal anti-cytokeratin antibodies. Two-dimensional co-electrophoresis and immunoblotting analysis of S-100 and liver cytokeratins showed that anti-SLA antibodie…

Immunszintigraphie und -therapie

2008

A promising new ELISA diagnostic test for cattle babesiosis based on Babesia bigemina Apical Membrane Antigen-1.

2016

Babesiosis due to Babesia bigemina is a relevant tick‑borne disease, affecting cattle worldwide. Many surface proteins of the pathogen including the Apical Membrane Antigen 1 (AMA‑1) ‑ have been analysed for vaccine and diagnostic purposes. This study focused on B. bigemina AMA‑1 and on its use for the assessment of diagnostic tests. After bioinformatic analyses, AMA‑1 codifying region was amplified and cloned into an expression vector used to induce protein synthesis in Escherichia coli cells. AMA‑1 was purified by affinity chromatography and used to set up the best condition for an ELISA protocol. Bovine field sera positive to B. bigemina were used to evaluate the presence of anti‑AMA‑1 a…