Search results for "Apnea"

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Snoring

2017

Moderate-to-severe sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in the general population, particularly between ages 50 and 70. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a major public health concern presenting a high associated risk for hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and motor vehicle accidents. The dentist should always evaluate for the presence of risk factors in patients with any signs of SDB. PSG is the gold standard for the diagnosis of OSA and sleep disorders. The CPAP device is still considered the most effective therapeutic approach for the management of SDB in both adults and children; however, their side effects and low adherence make clinicians look for alternative…

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Brain

2018

Prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma in patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A cross-sectional analysis of the ESADA database

2015

It has been reported that bronchial asthma is often associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and daytime sleepiness. We analyzed the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma in 4929 subjects with suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the European Sleep Apnea database (ESADA) Cohort. Patients were studied by respiratory polygraphy (PG: n=1624, 66.6% males) or full polysomnography (PSG: n=3305, 70.4% males), and the clinical characteristics of asthmatic (A) and non-asthmatic (non-A) patients were analyzed according to OSA severity. Significance was at p 2 , p=0.0004) and showed more severe daytime sleepiness (Epworth score: 10.4±5.6 vs 9.5±5.3, p=0.0015) and a trend for worse noctur…

Hypoxic burden and angiogenic factors in patients with myocardial infarction and obstructive sleep apnea

2019

Introduction: The amount and severity of hypoxia have been related to risk of cardiovascular events. Aim: To determine the relationship between nocturnal hypoxic burden and pro- angiogenic factors in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and myocardial infarction (MI). Method: A prospective, observational study in patients with a first acute MI. Eligible patients underwent a polysomnography within 30 days after MI, and a serum blood sample was drawn in order to measure a panel of angiogenic factors by Luminex technology. A hypoxic burden index (HBI) was calculated as the integral area under the desaturation curve (obtained by calculating the integral of the oxygen saturation reduction…

Information-Theoretic Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Interactions during Apneic Events in Sleep

2020

In this work, measures of information dynamics are used to describe the dynamics of heart rate and cardiorespiratory interaction associated to sleep breathing disorders. In a large group of patients reporting repeated episodes of hypopneas, apneas (central, obstructive, mixed) and respiratory effort related arousals (RERA), we computed information storage of heart period variability and information transfer from heart period to airflow amplitude before, during and after each event. We find a general tendency to decrease of the information storage, suggesting higher complexity of the cardiac dynamics. The information transfer decreased during apneic events, and increased during milder disord…

Mandibular advancement devices vs nasal-continuous positive airway pressure in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea. Systematic review and meta-…

2016

Background Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disorder that may affect at least 2 to 4% of the adult population. Nasal-Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (N-CPAP) is today considered the gold standard for the treatment of OSA. The development of oral appliances (OAs) represents a new approach for the management of this pathology. The aim of this systematic review is to compare the efficacy of OAs and N-CPAP in the treatment of patients with mild to severe OSA. Material and Methods A PubMed-MEDLINE and Cochrane databases search of articles published between 1982 and 2016 comparing the effect of N-CPAP and OAs in OSA patients was conducted during July 2016. The studies were selected …

Xerostomia in patients with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome : a prospective case-control study

2020

Background To describe the characteristics of xerostomia (dry mouth) in the population with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) and contrast its prevalence versus that found in healthy subjects, and to compare the frequency of xerostomia in SAHS patients with and without continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Material and methods A prospective comparative study was made between adults recently diagnosed with SAHS in a public hospital (n=60) and healthy individuals (n=54). The presence of xerostomia was assessed on waking up and during the day, using a frequency scale from 0 ("never") to 3 ("always"). Results The prevalence of xerostomia on waking up in the SAHS group was 45%…

Intensity of Respiratory Cortical Arousals Is a Distinct Pathophysiologic Feature and Is Associated with Disease Severity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea …

2021

Background: We investigated whether the number, duration and intensity of respiratory arousals (RA) on C3-electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings correlate with polysomnography (PSG)-related disease severity in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. We also investigated if every patient might have an individual RA microstructure pattern, independent from OSA-severity. Methods: PSG recordings of 20 OSA patients (9 female

Metabolic syndrome

2015

OSA is a common disorder with major cardiovascular and metabolic consequences. OSA is often associated with metabolic syndrome, a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome is particularly high in OSA patients. The role of obesity as a risk factor for OSA has been shown in population and clinical studies, and increased adipose tissue volume and neck circumference are closely linked with OSA, even though major sex-related differences exist. Besides OSA treatment, cardiometabolic risk factors should be assessed and possibly corrected in all OSA patients in order to reduce adverse events. Occurrence of metabolic syndrome should be investigated, and modifiable…

Sleep-disordered breathing in the elderly

2009

Purpose: The prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) increases with aging. SDB is a risk of hypertension, and both might lead to cognitive decline. However, the role of SDB and hypertension on the pathogenesis of age-related cognitive decline remains unclear. We examined the effects of these two diseases on cognitive function in elderly adults.