Search results for "Apolipoprotein"
showing 10 items of 354 documents
Low birth weight at term impairs cord serum lipoprotein compositions and concentrations
1998
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of low birth weight at term on serum lipoproteins. Lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) contents were investigated in cord sera of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns at term (2290 g +/- 33 g) and compared with those of appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) newborns (3570 g +/- 93 g). In SGA newborns, VLDL amounts were twofold higher, whereas LDL, HDL2 and HDL3 contents were lower than in AGA newborns (-38%, -44% and -42%, respectively). VLDL-triacylglycerols (TG), apo B-100 and apo E were higher, while VLDL-apo C-II values were 39% lower in SGA newborns compared with those of AGA newborns. In SGA newborns, HDL2-apolipoprotein, phospholip…
Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease
2013
Eleven susceptibility loci for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) were identified by previous studies; however, a large portion of the genetic risk for this disease remains unexplained. We conducted a large, two-stage meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in individuals of European ancestry. In stage 1, we used genotyped and imputed data (7,055,881 SNPs) to perform meta-analysis on 4 previously published GWAS data sets consisting of 17,008 Alzheimer's disease cases and 37,154 controls. In stage 2, 11,632 SNPs were genotyped and tested for association in an independent set of 8,572 Alzheimer's disease cases and 11,312 controls. In addition to the APOE locu…
Apoe genotypes and brain imaging classes in normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and alzheimer’s disease: A longitudinal study
2020
Objective: To evaluate in 419 stroke-free cognitively normal subjects (CN) aged 45-82 years covering during a long prospective study (11.54 ± 1.47 years) the preclinical to dementia spectrum: 1) the distribution of small vessel disease (V) and brain atrophy (A) aggregated as following: V−/A−, V−/A+, V+/A−, V+/A+; 2) the relationship of these imaging classes with individual apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes; 3) the risk of progression to Alzheimer Disease (AD) of the individual APOE genotypes. Methods: Participants underwent one baseline (t0), and 4 clinical and neuropsychological assessments (t1,t2,t3, and t4). Brain MRI was performed in all subjects at t0, t2, t3 and t4.. White matter hyp…
Apolipoprotein E isoforms and the development of low and high Braak stages of Alzheimer's disease-related lesions
1999
In recent research, apolipoprotein-E (apoE) polymorphism has been shown to influence the formation of neurofibrillary changes and the accumulation of beta/A4-amyloid, the histopathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clinical studies associate the apoE allele epsilon4 with earlier onset of the disease, although the clinical speed of progression remains unchanged. Time course estimates have also provided evidence which indicates that the clinical phase of AD constitutes only 10-20% of the total time span needed for the development of this slowly progressing degenerative brain disorder. Due to the lack of reliable clinical tests for the detection of pre-symptomatic stages of AD, we…
Intensive LDL-cholesterol lowering therapy and neurocognitive function
2017
The key lipid-lowering target is to achieve guideline-recommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, usually by using statins. The new treatment strategies for lipid-lowering therapy include using proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors as an exciting approach to reduce residual risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, concerns about possible adverse effects, including neurocognitive disorders, were issued by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The current disputable evidence does not allow definite conclusions as to whether statins contribute to, or cause, clinically meaningful cognitive impairment. Some evidence indicates a high rate of…
Midostaurin upregulates eNOS gene expression and preserves eNOS function in the microcirculation of the mouse
2005
Nitric oxide (NO) derived from endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) is a powerful vasodilator and possesses vasoprotective effects. Therefore, augmentation of eNOS expression and -activity by pharmacological means could provide protection against cardiovascular disease. However, this concept has been questioned recently, because in several disease models, eNOS upregulation was associated with a dysfunctional enzyme (referred to as eNOS uncoupling). In contrast, the present study demonstrates that an eNOS gene expression-enhancing compound with additional protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitory properties can upregulate eNOS while preserving its enzymatic function. Apolipoprotein E-knockout mice were tr…
Molecular diagnosis of hypobetalipoproteinemia: an ENID review.
2007
Abstract Primary hypobetalipoproteinemia (HBL) includes a group of genetic disorders: abetalipoproteinemia (ABL) and chylomicron retention disease (CRD), with a recessive transmission, and familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) with a co-dominant transmission. ABL and CRD are rare disorders due to mutations in the MTP and SARA2 genes, respectively. Heterozygous FHBL is much more frequent. FHBL subjects often have fatty liver and, less frequently, intestinal fat malabsorption. FHBL may be linked or not to the APOB gene. Most mutations in APOB gene cause the formation of truncated forms of apoB which may or may be not secreted into the plasma. Truncated apoBs with a size below that of apoB-3…
Gene expression in mouse spermatogenesis during ontogenesis
2006
In this study, we evaluated the expression of genes probably involved in spermatogenesis in the mouse. We examined cytosolic chaperonin theta subunit (CCTtheta), Ngg1 interacting factor 3 like 1 binding protein 1 (NIF3L1 BP1) and apolipoprotein H (ApoH) expression during mouse onto-geny using RT-PCR. Testicular tissue was obtained from mice 3, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 18, 20 and 40 (adult) days after birth. For each mouse, one testis was used for histological examination, whereas RNA was extracted from the controlateral testis for expression analysis. RT-PCR analysis showed that CCTtheta gene expression was low until day 10, but increased drastically afterwards. At this age, spermatocytes started …
The symptom of low mood in the prodromal stage of mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a cohort study of a community dwelling elderly population.
2011
Objective: To investigate the symptom of low mood as a predictor of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its progression to dementia, taking into account: i) MCI severity, ii) time of assessment, iii) interaction with other factors. Methods: 764 cognitively healthy elderly living in the community, from the Kungsholmen Project. Participants were assessed by direct interview to detect low mood. Subjects were then followed for six years to identify those who developed MCI. People with incident MCI were followed for a further three years to assess progression to dementia. Results: People with low mood at baseline had a 2.7-fold (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.9-3.7) increased risk of developing …
Towards early risk biomarkers: serum metabolic signature in childhood predicts cardio-metabolic risk in adulthood
2021
Summary: Background: Cardiovascular diseases may originate in childhood. Biomarkers identifying individuals with increased risk for disease are needed to support early detection and to optimise prevention strategies. Methods: In this prospective study, by applying a machine learning to high throughput NMR-based metabolomics data, we identified circulating childhood metabolic predictors of adult cardiovascular disease risk (MetS score) in a cohort of 396 females, followed from childhood (mean age 11·2 years) to early adulthood (mean age 18·1 years). The results obtained from the discovery cohort were validated in a large longitudinal birth cohort of females and males followed from puberty to…