Search results for "Apoptosis"
showing 10 items of 1809 documents
Human neutrophil elastase induces endothelial cell apoptosis by activating the PERK‐CHOP branch of the unfolded protein response
2017
Human neutrophil elastase impacts on atherosclerotic plaque stability by inducing apoptosis in endothelial cells. Our aim was to investigate the proapoptotic mechanism of elastase on endothelial cells and to evaluate the presence of elastase in human plaque material. Human endothelial cells were treated with purified human neutrophil elastase. Apoptosis was assayed by capsase-3/7 activation, TUNEL, and sub-G1 assay. Activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) effector molecules binding Ig protein, soluble X-binding protein-1, protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) was analyzed by RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, and Western blot. Genetic silencing of CHO…
Determinants for Tight and Selective Binding of a Medicinal Dicarbene Gold(I) Complex to a Telomeric DNA G-Quadruplex: a Joint ESI MS and XRD Investi…
2016
International audience; The dicarbene gold(I) complex [Au(9-methylcaffein-8-ylidene)(2)]BF4 is an exceptional organometallic compound of profound interest as a prospective anticancer agent. This gold(I) complex was previously reported to be highly cytotoxic toward various cancer cell lines invitro and behaves as a selective G-quadruplex stabilizer. Interactions of the gold complex with various telomeric DNA models have been analyzed by a combined ESI MS and X-ray diffraction (XRD) approach. ESI MS measurements confirmed formation of stable adducts between the intact gold(I) complex and Tel 23 DNA sequence. The crystal structure of the adduct formed between [Au(9-methylcaffein-8-ylidene)(2)]…
Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer are recapitulated in in vitro and in vivo models
2018
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly heterogeneous disease both from a molecular and clinical perspective. Several distinct molecular entities, such as microsatellite instability (MSI), have been defined that make up biologically distinct subgroups with their own clinical course. Recent data indicated that CRC can be best segregated into four groups called consensus molecular subtypes (CMS1-4), each of which has a unique biology and gene expression pattern. In order to develop improved, subtype-specific therapies and to gain insight into the molecular wiring and origin of these subtypes, reliable models are needed. This study was designed to determine the heterogeneity and identify the prese…
Cytotoxicity of seven naturally occurring phenolic compounds towards multi-factorial drug-resistant cancer cells
2016
Abstract Introduction In medical oncology, multi-drug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells continues to be a major impediment. We are in quest of novel anti-proliferative agents to overcome drug-resistant tumor cells. Methods In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of 7 naturally occurring phenolic compounds including two isoflavonoids alpinumisoflavone ( 1 ) and laburnetin ( 2 ), one biflavonoid amentoflavone ( 3) , three lignans pycnanthulignene A ( 4 ), pycnanthulignene B ( 5 ), and syringaresinol ( 7 ) and one xanthone, euxanthone ( 6 ) against 9 drug-sensitive and MDR cancer cell lines. The resazurin reduction assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these compounds, w…
Impact of Elastin-Derived Peptide VGVAPG on Matrix Metalloprotease-2 and -9 and the Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1, -2, -3 and -4 mRNA Expre…
2018
Degradation products of elastin, i.e. elastin-derived peptides (EDPs), are involved in various physiological and pathological processes. EDPs are detectable in cerebrospinal fluid in healthy people and in patients after ischemic stroke. However, to date, no studies concerning the role of EDP in the nervous system were conducted. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) play important roles during the repair phases of cerebral ischemia, particularly during angiogenesis and reestablishment of cerebral blood flow. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the specific elastin-derived peptide VGVAPG on Mmp-2, -9 and Timp-1, -2,…
GSE4-loaded nanoparticles a potential therapy for lung fibrosis that enhances pneumocyte growth, reduces apoptosis and DNA damage.
2021
© 2021 The Authors.
Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP)-Induced Apoptosis and Neurotoxicity are Mediated via the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) but not by Estrogen Receptor Alpha (…
2016
Dibutyl phthalate (di-n-butyl phthalate, DBP) is one of the most commonly used phthalate esters. DBP is widely used as a plasticizer in a variety of household industries and consumer products. Because phthalates are not chemically bound to products, they can easily leak out to enter the environment. DBP can pass through the placental and blood–brain barriers due to its chemical structure, but little is known about its mechanism of action in neuronal cells. This study demonstrated the toxic and apoptotic effects of DBP in mouse neocortical neurons in primary cultures. DBP stimulated caspase-3 and LDH activities as well as ROS formation in a concentration (10 nM–100 µM) and time-dependent (3–…
Biological Effect of a Hybrid Anticancer Agent Based on Kinase and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors on Triple-Negative (MDA-MB231) Breast Cancer Cells
2016
We examined the effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) suberoylanilide\ud hydroxamic acid (SAHA) combined with the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/2 inhibitor\ud (3Z)-5-hydroxy-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-one on MDA-MB-231 breast\ud cancer cells (triple-negative) in the form of both a cocktail of the separate compounds and a chemically\ud synthesized hybrid (N-hydroxy-N'-[(3Z)-2-oxo-3-(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-\ud 5-yl]octanediamide). Comparative flow cytometric and Western blot analyses were performed on\ud cocktail- and hybrid-treated cells to evaluate cell cycle distribution, autophagy/apoptosis modulation,\ud an…
An overview on anti-tubulin agents for the treatment of lymphoma patients
2020
Anti-tubulin agents constitute a large class of compounds with broad activity both in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, due to the interference with microtubule dynamics. Since microtubules play crucial roles in the regulation of the mitotic spindles, the interference with their function usually leads to a block in cell division with arrest at the metaphase/anaphase junction of mitosis, followed to apoptosis. This explains the reason why tubulin-binding agents (TBAs) proved to be extremely active in patients with cancer. Several anti-tubulin agents are indicated in the treatment of patients with lymphomas both alone and in combination chemotherapy regimens. The article reviews the …
Long-term vitamin D treatment decreases human uterine leiomyoma size in a xenograft animal model
2019
Objective To study the effects of short- and long-term vitamin D treatment on uterine leiomyomas in vivo through cell proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and apoptosis. Design Preclinical study of human leiomyoma treatment with vitamin D in an nonhuman animal model. Setting Hospital and university laboratories. Patient(s)/Animal(s) Human leiomyomas were collected from patients and implanted in ovariectomized NOD-SCID mice. Intervention(s) Mice were treated with vitamin D (0.5 μg/kg/d or 1 μg/kg/d) or vehicle for 21 or 60 days. Main Outcome Measure(s) Vitamin D effect in xenograft tissue was assessed by monitoring tumor size (18F-FDG positron-emission tomography/computeriz…